初一下册英语重点.doc

初一英语下册知识重点语法概况M1-2 现在进行时态M3-4 一般将来时态M5-7 形容词/副词的比较级与最高级 M5形容词的比较级 M6形容词、副词的比较级；多音节形容词、副词的比较级 M7形容词、副词的最高级M8-12 一般过去时态 M8 be动词的过去式 M9规则动词的过去式 M10一般过去时的否定和疑问形式 M11 一般过去时的特殊疑问句 M12 不规则动词的过去式MODULE 1一、重点句1. listen 听（强调动作） hear 听见（强调结果）I listened carefully but I heard nothing. 我仔细听但什么也没听到。2. We are on a school trip. 我们在参加学校郊游。3. What are the others doing? 其他人在干什么？二、知识重点1. lie in the sun / on the beach躺在沙滩上2. send sb. a postcard 寄给某人一张明信片 send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth.3. enjoy the school trip a lot/ very much 非常喜欢学校郊游4. anyway 无论如何 （转移话题）5. buy some presents = shop for presents 买礼物 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. go shopping for presents 去买礼物6. enjoy sth. 喜欢某物 enjoy oneself = have a good/ great time enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事7. take sth. to sp. 把某物带到某地 take away sth 带走，取走，拿走8. at this moment=now 此时此刻 （现在进行时）9. in different places 在不同的地方 (比较the same) 10. do different things 做不同的事情11. leave work 下班 be at work 上班 He is at work. = He is working.12. wait for buses 等公共汽车 run for trains 跑去乘火车 13. have afternoon tea 喝下午茶 14. go to the opera 去听歌剧 watch a ballet 看芭蕾15. get dressed 穿衣；打扮 see friends 看望朋友16. call home 给家里打电话 call sb. = give sb. a call= phone sb. 17. greetings from 来自的问候 18. talk on ones phone 用某人的手机打电话19. do taijiquan，打太极拳 do yangge 扭秧歌20. 现在进行时的构成：be动词+ 动词的现在分词MODULE 2一、重点句1. What traditions do you have at the Spring Festival? 在春节你们有什么传统？2What are you doing?3-Are you learning a dragon dance, too?-Yes, we are. / No, we arent.二、知识重点1. lots of traditions 许多传统 2. clean the house 打扫房子 do some cleaning3. sweep away bad luck 扫走坏运 4. paint red 把涂成红色5. It means 它意味着 What does it mean? (meaning n.)6decorate with 用装饰 7 have a haircut 剪头发8. everyone 后面谓语动词用单数： everyone has a haircut9. visit our family and friends 看望亲戚朋友10. at midnight 在半夜 (at noon= in the middle of day) 11.fireworks 用复数12.bring sb. sth. bring sth to sb. 给某人带来 bring back13. at night ， in the evening14. get ready for sth. (be ready for sth.) get ready for doing sth. 为做准备15. sweep the floor 扫地 learn a dragon dance 学舞龙 make lanterns 做灯笼 16.cook the meal 做饭 do some cooking17. be interested in sth 对某物感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣MODULE 3一、重点句1. be going to do2. Im going to dobecause 二、知识重点1. check my email 查收我的邮件 get up early 起早 have a picnic 郊游 go to a party 去参加聚会 at the party revise for my test 复习准备考试 （为考试而复习）do some revision stay in bed 呆在床上 at a friends home 在朋友家 take the plane to=go to sw. by plane乘飞机去/ take the plane fromto乘飞机从到walk up the Great Wall 爬长城 make friends 交朋友 stay in a hotel呆在酒店里2. What are your plans? （同义句）= What are you going to do? 3. look forward to sth/ doing sth. We are looking forward to the Spring Festival. We are looking forward to going to Guilin. 4. cook 厨师 （名词） 它还可以当动词：cook sth for sb = cook sb sth 5. How do you get （from） Shantou to Xiamen? By bus.6. Why + 一般疑问句？用because来回答. I am late because my bike is broken. 7 1) in the morning 2) on Sunday morning具体到某一天用on 3) 如果特指某一天的上午、下午、晚上，或要对这一天的上午、下午或晚上加以描述，则要用介词on. Eg: They dont like to swim on a hot afternoon. 8. be going to +动词原形 用法：1，表示主语的意图，即住与计划或打算要做的事情；Im going to do my homework this evening. 2，表示有迹象表明要发生的事，Look at those clouds! Its going to rain.Its going to rain tomorrow. Its going to be rainy tomorrow. There is going to be rain/ snow/wind（名词）MODULE 4一、重点句1 will + do2 Im not sure. 3 Computers will be very small so theyll be very light.4 Well use the sun to heat our homes.二、知识重点1. study at home 在家学习 do the dull jobs 做枯燥的工作 （job 可数名词，指具体的工作/ work 不可数名词，指抽象意义上的工作） do heavy work 干重活 three days a week 一周三天 long holidays 长假 free time空闲时间 be free to do sth. get warm 变暖2. everyone只能用于人，做主语，其后不可加of 谓语动词用单数eg: Everyone likes watching TV every one of 即能用于人也可用于物；通常跟of 短语，谓语动词用单数 eg: Every one of the students in our class studies hard.3. by email 通过电子邮件的方式 “on” 也可表示“通过” on the computer on TV on the radio除此以外： by后直接加交通工具，不用复数，前面也不用冠词。但用on时，后面要加冠词，表示处于运动进程中的。如：on the bus,on a ship,on the train5. Im not sure. 我不确信。be sure to do sth.6. The teachers wont write on a blackboard with chalk. The teachers wont use chalk to write on a blackboard. do sth with sth = use sth to do sth 用来做某事 chalk 不可数名词 一支粉笔 a piece of chalk 两支粉笔：two pieces of chalk 同义句：We will use the sun to heat our homes. = We will heat our homes with the sun. 7. Flying will be very cheap. flying为动名词，作主语。 家庭供暖将会很便宜。 Heating homes will be cheap. It will be cheap to heat homes.打篮球是我最喜欢的运动。 Playing basketball is my favourite sport. 8. will 动词原形 They will play football. will be 形容词 It will be cool in summer. There will be名词 There will be rain tomorrow. There will be a big bridge over the river. 9. My dream school will have big classrooms. （同义句） There will be big classrooms in my dream school. will 可以用be going to 代替，但be动词要根据单复数来变化。There are going to be big classrooms in my dream school. There is going to be a big classroom in my dream school. 10. Its going to rain this afternoon. Its going to be rainy this afternoon. （但只有there be 句型除外，be后跟名词。）11. In my dream school there wont be any teachers. MODULE 5一、重点句1 Whats the population of Shanghai?2 Is Hong Kong bigger than Shanghai?3 Cambridge is in the east of England.4 Its an older city. 二、知识重点1. 数字+ million/ thousand/ hundred millions of Americans thousands of hundreds of 2. answer some questions for my homework 3.Whats the population of ? 某地人口是多少？ Whats its population?形容人口多用 big 或 large 人口少用small 4. 某地有.人口Shanghai has 13 million people. Shanghai is a city with a population of 13 million.The population of Shanghai is 13 million.It has a population of 13 million people. 5. be famous for 以而出名 be famous as 作为.而著名如：北京以长城而闻名。Beijing is famous for the Great Wall. 莎士比亚以作为剧作家而著名 shakespear is famous as a writer.6. in the east/south/west of 在的东、南、西（内部）上海在中国的东部。 Shanghai is in the east of China.7. 问天气：Whats the weather like? / Hows the weather?8. on the coast 在海岸线上 9. Its never very hot in the summer or very cold in the winter.10. with带有，有 Beijing is a city with lots of old buildings.MODULE 6一、重点句1 Table tennis is more popular than gymnastics.2 No one wants to speak it badly or carelessly. 3 Betty likes basketball and she also likes cycling.二、知识重点1adj.反义词：dangerous 危险的- safe 安全的 danger / safety n.difficult 难的- easy 容易的 exciting 激动人心的- boring 枯燥的expensive 昂贵的- cheap 便宜的 popular 受欢迎的- unpopular 不受欢迎的 relaxing 放松的- tiring 累人的 badly(worse, worst) 坏地- well(better, best) 好地carefully 认真地- carelessly 粗心地 late 晚- early 早loudly 大声地- quietly 安静地2. be good at sth 擅长某事 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事例如：我哥哥擅长篮球。 My brother is good at basketball.我哥哥擅长打蓝球。 My brother is good at playing basketball.3. What Olympic sports do you like? Football is my favourite sport.Why do you like it? I like it because its exciting4. 位移动词用现在进行时表示将来时。如：她将去学校。She is going to school. She is leaving for school.5. 在每周六上午九点半 at 9:30 am every Saturday6. 早到这儿 get here early 晚到那儿 arrive there late （此处early 和late 是副词） in front of 物体外部的前面，其反义词是behind; in the front of 物体内部的前面， 其反义词是 at the back ofWendy 坐在我前面： Wendy sits in front of me.坐在黑板前sit in front of the blackboard 在教室后面at the back of the classroom 7. Its +adj. + to do sth 学习英语很难。Its very difficult to learn English.8. 对某人讲得又慢又大声 speak slowly and loudly to sb（宾格）.slowly 和loudly为副词，副词修饰动词。9. 需要做某事need to do sth我们需要每天打扫教室。We need to clean the classroom every day.想要做某事want to do sth = would like to do sth.我们想要打蓝球。We want to play basketball.= We would like to play basketball.10. No one 谓语动词用单数。如：没人要踢足球。No one wants to play football.11. Its +形容词 +for sb. to do sth. 对他来说学习数学很简单。 Its very easy for him to learn math.12. work hard 努力学习/工作 （这里 hard 就是副词） speak English well 这里 well 就是副词13. do some sightseeing 游览 go sightseeing 去观光14. 带某人参观take sb. around = .show sb around.15. 将持续到will continue/last until 16. He needs to learn English quickly. (就划线部分提问) - How does he need to learn English?17. She likes running and she likes cycling, too. = She likes running and she also likes cycling.also在实义动词前，be动词和情态动词后。（同样用法的词还有： still/ often/ never/ usually/ always）18. 我不喜欢迟到。I dont like to be late.19. 我不喜欢跑步和骑自行车。 I dont like running or cycling.20. “so ”因此；所以 在英语句子中不能与because同时用 如：我饿了，所以想去买点吃的。 Im hungry so Im going to buy some food. = Because I am hungry, I am going to buy some food. 21. 多音节形容词的比较级：more （形容词或副词）原级 more popular more exciting more dangerous more tired more quickly22. much, a little, even，a bit, far, even （形容词或副词）比较级 much bigger, much better, much more popular23 Pan Changjiang is funnier than Yao Ming. 句子中有than，要用比较级MODULE 7一、重点句1. Its the best way to get school.2. He has the longest journey. 3. So British Airways is one of the busiest international airlines.二、知识重点1. the longest journey 最长的旅程2. by 直接加交通工具单数 by bike/ bus/ train (by是介词，表示“通过”后面直接加具体的某种交通工具，不加冠词，但是前面往往有动词，比如go to school by bustake是动词，表示“搭乘”，后面加冠词+工具，如take a bus to schoolin，on都是介词，后面加工具的时候要看具体是哪样交通工具，同样，前面也要加动词，和by不同的是需要加冠词。比如go to Beijing on a bus/in a car )3. get to school 到学校 get home/there/here 到家 4. live farthest from the school 住得离学校最远 farthest 为副词，是far的最高级可省略the，形容词最高级前面一定要加the5the ( best )way to sw. 去的（最好）方式 the way to do sth = the way of doing sth 做 . 的方式6the most dangerous way 最危险的方式7. be closest to sw. 离最近 go to work 去上班8.take a train to sw. 乘火车去 9. the fastest train 最快的火车10.fromto 从到 11. in eight minutes 八分钟后 （将来时）12. the same 相同的 the same school 相同的学校13.take some time by 乘花时间 take ten minutes by car 乘汽车花十分钟14. more than = over 超过，多于15. one of the busiest international airlines 最繁忙的航线之一16. a distance of kilometres 公里的距离 17. in nine and a half hours 在九个半小时后18. buy a ticket at the bus stop 在汽车站买票 19. millions of Americans 上百万美国人20. A taxi from Shanghai to the airport is cheaper than the train for two people.对两个人来说从上海到机场乘出租车比乘火车便宜。21. British Airways uses the Boeing 747 for long journeys. 英国航空公司使用波音747进行长途飞行。(划线the Boeing 747用which提问)22. The Boeing 747 travels longer than other planes.23. I like to travel by bus because its safer than going（动名词） by car.24. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方25. The cheapest way is by bus. 不能说：By bus is theway.26. travel to school 去上学27. Who travels (the 可省略) farthest to school? 28. Who has the longest journey?29. How interesting is the journey from to by train？（问interesting的程度） The journey from toby train is the most interesting way.30. Whats the most expensive way to travel? By plane.MODULE 8一、重点句1Where were you born? I was born2 Who was your first teacher?3 What were they like? Becky was well-behaved at school but Adam was naughty.二、知识重点1my/ my parents / sbs past life 某人的过去生活 2be born 出生 3the name of - 的名字 4What +be +sb. +like? 某人的性格怎么样？5be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 6be strict with sb. / in sth. 对某人要求严格7.On the east coast of America 在美国东海岸8. lots of things 许多事情 There are lots of things to do in Shantou.9. visit their old family houses 参观他们的故居10. with 带有 He likes the house with a garden. a pond with fish in it 里面有鱼的池塘11. on my bedroom walls 在我卧室的墙上12. the last time I was there 我在那儿的最后一次 (be the first to do)13. one day 有一天 （将来时或过去时）14.Was anyone famous born there?有名人出生在那吗？anyone为不定代词，谓语动词用单数，形容词放在不定代词后。 There is nothing new in todays newspaper.15. I know what he does. 我知道他是干什么的。动词know后的句子为宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。She asked where she was. The teacher asked who had a pen.16. Tony was born in England. Tony wasnt born in England. Was Tony born in England? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. They were naughty. They werent naughty. Were they naughty? Yes, they were. No, they werent.MODULE 9一、重点句1 She walked in the forest.2 What did she pick in the forest?3 Goldilocks didnt live in the forest.二、知识重点1once upon a time 从前 2decide to do sth. 决定做某事 decide not to do sth.3go for a ride / walk 去兜风/散步 4in the forest 在森林里5. pick flowers 摘花 pick up sth. 捡起/拿起某物 pick it/ them up6. be lost = lose ones way 迷路 She is always lost in Beijing.7. look around+sb.（宾）看某人的四周 look around her/me /him8. notice sth. 注意到某物9. hurry to + sw. = go to sw. in a hurry 急忙去某地He hurried to school without having breakfast.10. knock on / at the door 敲门11. open 开着的adj. closed 关着的adj. The door is closed, but the window is open. open 打开； 经营 He opened the door and its open now.12. enter + sth 进入 They entered/went into the building.13. finish sth. She finished the food soon. finish doing sth. She has to finish doing her homework now.14. She counted three bowls. 她数了数有三只碗。 count from 1 to 100 15. rush out of + sw. 冲出某地 He rushed out of the school and rode a bike to home.16. be tired 累 do/ try (tried) to do sth. 尽力做某事 try sth 试某物 try it/ them on 试穿17. destroy sth. 毁坏了某物 18. walk into the bedroom 走进卧室19. very soon 不久； 很快 20. be asleep（形容词）= be sleeping（动词）21. in pieces 成了碎片 22. at first 起初 at the beginning of 23. point at / to 指着 远指：point to 近指（粗鲁的指着） point at24. Theres the naughty girl. 倒装句，原句为：The naughty girl is there. 有一个淘气的女孩。There is a naughty girl.25. open ones eyes 睁开眼睛26. be around sb. 在某人周围 The students are around the teacher. 27. jump out of bed and hurry out of the house 跳下床匆忙冲出房子28. without sth. 没有某物 He went to school without his bag. without doing sth. 没有做某事 She left without saying a word.without anything= with noting He went to school without anything = He went to school with nothing.29. return to sw. = come back to sw. 返回某地 return(归还) = give back （归还） They returned to China yesterday. 他们昨天返回中国。30. 讲故事的顺序：First Next Then Finally31. and 前后的时态要一致 He entered the house and sat down.32. the food in the big bowl 大碗里的事物 （介词短语作后置定语） the man under the tree 树下的那个男人 一般用which提问33. live in the forest 住在森林里34. answer the door 开门 I knocked on the door but nobody answered the door.35. all around/over the world 全世界36. tell sth to sb 或 tell sb. sth 告诉某人某事 tell a story tell stories 讲故事 tell children fairy tales 给孩子们讲童话故事37. again and again 一遍又一遍 38. begin with “ Once upon a time”以“从前”开头39. change into 变成MODULE 10一、重点句1 Did you ride a bike when you were a boy?2 We didnt have a car. 3 He was one of the most famous writers in the world.二、知识重点1. listen to the radio 听收音机2. Teachers Day Womens Day Christmas Labour Day Childrens Day New Years Day 3. 12个月份的拼写：January February March April May June July August September October November December4. start school 开始上学 start/begin to do sth. start doing sth 开始做某事5. ride a bike to sw. 骑自行车去某地 go to sw. by bike walk to sw. 走着去某地 go to sw. on foot6. play computer games 玩电脑游戏7we had games like chess. （ like：像 ） 8watch movies/ see films 看电影9. 英语人称顺序：你， 他/她， 我 （I 放在最后）10. visit sb. 看望某人 11. near the sea 在海边 on the beach 在海滩上12. travel by car/ train/ 乘旅行13. play the piano弹钢琴 go away 走开；离开 14. decide to be a (an) 决定成为一名15. a writer of plays and poems 一位作家和诗人16. some of his (the) most famous plays 一些他的最著名的戏剧17. at school 在学校18. like watching plays 喜欢看戏剧= enjoy watching plays like doing sth. / like to do sth. 喜欢做某事19. finish school 完成学业/ 毕业 20. at the age of 在岁21. move to sw. 搬到某地 22. join a theatre company 加入一家剧团23. a successful actor 一名成功的演员 success(名词), successful（形容词）, successfully（副词）, succeed(动词)24. start writing plays开始写剧本 25. in many other languages 用许多其它的语言 （用.语言，用介词in）26. one of the most famous writers in the world 世界上最著名的作家之一 27. The TV wasnt in colour. 电视不是彩色的。28. What games did you play?你们玩什么游戏？29. like sth. a lot 非常喜欢某物 a lot = very much 非常30. on holiday 在假期，在度假31. He did his homework yesterday. He didnt do his homework yesterday. Did he do his homework yesterday? Yes, he did. / No, he didnt. MODULE 11一、重点句1Why didnt they want foreign engineers?2When did he work on it?二、知识重点1. a national hero / national heroes 民族英雄2. the engineer of a famous railroad 一位著名铁路的工程师3. the Chinese government 中国政府4. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事The Chinese government wanted a Chinese engineer to build it.中国政府想要一个中国工程师建造它。 want sb. （宾语）想要某人 They didnt want foreign engineers.5. What do you think of ？ How do you like ? 你认为怎么样？ 6. start in Beijing 在北京开始 finish in Zhangjiakou 在张家口完成7. When did he work on it? 他什么时候从事这件事的？ work on 从事8. form 1905 to 1909 从1905年到19099. Why didnt sb. do sth? 为什么某人不做某事？ Why didnt you go to school yesterday? 你昨天为什么没去上学？10. He died in 1919. 他1919年去世。(die 动词, dead 形容词, death 名词)11. open a museum about his life 开了一家关于他生平的博物馆 open a shop 开了一家商店12. a railroad is for trains. 铁路是给火车用的。13. over 垂直上方，不接