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英语 unit1

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26 A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行，始于足下。 选修8 Unit1 A land of diversity (1) 主备人：赵敏 学生姓名： 班级： 学号： 学习目标 1．正确读出选修8 Unit1新单词 2．了解以下新单词 Strait, ministry, Catholic, hardship, adventurer, elect, federal, rail, percentage, Italy, Italian, Denmark, boom, aircraft, Korea, Pakistan, immigration, racial, crossing, vice, nephew, pole, customs, applicant, socialist, socialism 3．运用以下新单词 distinct，distinction, live on, means, by means of, majority, keep up, make a life, despite, occur 学习过程 导入目标 预习选修8 Unit1新单词 达成目标 任务一：请熟练准确读出选修8 Unit1新单词 任务二：了解并运用以下单词 1. distinction n. 差别；区分；卓著 make/ draw a distinction between A and B 对……加以区分 without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地 with distinction以优异的成绩,以杰出的表现 gain/obtain/win distinction 出名 There is a fine distinction between the two words. We should make a distinction between right and wrong. 。 Michael graduated with distinction from the university. Employers should hire men and women without distinction. distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同 Mozarts style is quite distinct from Haydns. There was a distinct sense of embarrassment in the air. 2. live on 继续活着,继续存在； 住在…上； 以…为食 She lived on for many years after her husband died. The people find it hard to live on. Most mammals live on land. Most of Asians live on rice. [短语归纳] live短语： live on sth 以某物为食,靠某种经济来源生活 live by doing sth 靠做某事物为生 live for sth 以某事物为生活目标 live through sth 经历某事物而幸存 live together 在一起生活；同居 live up to sth 依照某事物行事； 表现出符合某事物的标准 live with sth 接受或容忍某现象 live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁 live a... life 过着……的生活 3. means n．手段；方法 (单复数同形) ①Every possible means has been tried，but none worked. ＝All possible means have been tried，but none worked. 各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。 by this means 通过这种方式 by means of 用……办法；借助…… by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以 by every means 用尽一切可能的办法 by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装） by any mean 无论如何 As is known to us，telephone is a useful means of communication. (1)by means of 借用，依靠 We express our feelings by means of words. (2)by no means＝not at all一点……也不 By no means am I satisfied with my present job. This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. (3)by this means通过这种方式 You can do it by this means. (4)by all means 可以，当然行，务必 —May I use your bicycle? —By all means！ 即时练 1．But by no means _____ with my progress. A．the teacher is not satisfied B．is the teacher not satisfied C．the teacher is satisfied D．is the teacher satisfied 2．The police looked into the case carefully and found the thief had entered the house ________ a ladder. A．by the means B．by all means C．by ways of D．by means of 3．She couldn’t speak，but made her wishes known ________ sign. A．by means of B．by any means C．by all means D．by no means 4. —Do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child? —Yes，________. A．that’s all right B．by all means C．it just depends D．never mind （DDAB） 5. majority n．大多数；大半 major adj.&n. 较大的，主要的；主修，专攻 (反义词minority少数；少数民族) be in the/a majority have a majority over sb A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. Obama had a majority over Mitt Romney and won the election. (1)单独用做主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。 The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking. (2)单独用做主语，如果后面的表语是复数，那么谓语动词也用复数。 The majority who attended the meeting yesterday are students. 昨天参加会议的大多数是学生。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. In the nursing profession，women are in a /the majority. 即时练 1．Don’t worry about the present situation in the world；________of people prefer peace to war. A．the most B．the great part C．the majority D．the number 2. Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are ______________________(占大多数)． (C, in a/the majority) 6. keep up坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、传统等；使某人不能去睡觉 We should keep up our good traditions. We should try to keep up our old customs. She likes to keep up with the latest fashions. The house is becoming too expensive for them to keep up [短语归纳] keep短语： keep up with sb/sth. 跟上（某人/某事物）；（与某人/某事物）同步前进或保持联系；跟上（形势） keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事物；重复做某事物 keep away from（使某人/事物）不靠近某人/事物 keep sb back from sb/sth（使某人）与某人/事物保持距离 keep sth. back 阻止某事物 keep oneself/sb from sth/doing sth 使自己/某人不能做某事物 eep sth from sb 不将某事告诉某人 keep off (sb/sth) 不接近或不接触某人/事物 keep sb/sth out (of sth) 不让某人/物进入（某处） keep in touch with保持与某人的联系 keep fit 保持健康 7. make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 come to life变得更有趣；变得活跃 live/lead a．..life过着……生活 come back to life苏醒过来，恢复生机 bring...back to life使……苏醒过来 make/start a new life开始新生活 make a living by 靠……谋生 Some people from the country find it hard to make a life in big cities. They moved out West to make a new life there. The young men in the rural areas have to leave for big cities to make a life. 8. despite prep.尽管；不管n.憎恨；轻视 Despite old age, she is still learning to drive. Despite all our efforts we still lost the game. She ignored all despites and carried on with her dreams. In spite of the bad weather, we went fishing. In spite of our advice, he married above himself. Despite用作介词时，与 in spite of同义，都表示“尽管”、“虽然”、“不顾”之意，但程度有所不同。一般说来，in spite of的语气较强，使用范围也较广； despite的语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。 Despite 与(al)though都有“尽管”的意思，despite是介词，后接名词或代词；而although=though是连词，后接表示让步的状语从句。例如： I think he is sad, despite his smiles. We went for a walk although/though it was raining. Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning. 9. occur vi. 存在，发生，被想到 Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. It didnt occur to him that she would refuse his invitation. Do giraffes occur in Africa only? sth. occurs to sb. 某人想起某事 It occurs to sb. that… 某人想起…… It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事 表示“某人突然想起……”的其他句型： sth. strikes sb.； It strikes sb. that…It crosses sb.s mind that… ；sth. comes to sb.… I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred. Just then an idea occurred to me. It occurred to her that she might adopt the homeless child. 她突然想她可能会收养那个无家可归的孩子。 It didn’t occur to her to ask for help. Then a practical idea hit/struck/occurred to her! It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation. It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job. 即时练 1. —Why are you so late? —I was in half the way when it ______ to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it. A．occurred B．hit C．happened D．reminded 2. It suddenly______ to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter. A. happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place 3. An accident did, however, _______ at the street corner last night. A. occur B. take place C. happened D. broke out 课堂小结 1. ____________ n. 手段；方法 2. ____________　n. 大多数；大半 3. _____________ n. 移居入境；移民 4. _____________ n. 百分比；百分率 5._____________n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 6. _____________adj. 人族的；种族的 7. _____________n. 申请人 8. _____________n. 社会主义者；社会党人 9. _____________vi. 发生；出现 10. _____________ adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 检测目标 当堂检测 1 The Taiwan _________(海峡) separates Taiwan from the mainland. 2 They have appealed for an end to the __________ (种族)discrimination in aspects such as employment. 3 There were more than 50 ___________ (申请)for the job, but only 10 were employed. 4The __________(多数)of representatives are in favor of the plan, only a few are against it. 5 China is a __________ (社会主义)country with the Chinese Communist Party ruling. 6 Over the past years, there has been a big rise in __________ (移民)to the USA. 7 What _________ (百分比)of the population in China are farmers? 8 His telephone is out of service. Is there any other __________(方式) of contacting him? 9 An __________(飞行器) carrier is a large ship that carries planes which use it as a base to land on and take off from. 10 It never __________ __________ (发生) me to ask him for help. 11 Thoughts are expressed ___________ __________ __________ (通过)words. 12 The old man used to ___________ __________ __________ (谋生)by selling newspapers. （Strait ,racial,applicants ,majority,socialist, immigration ,percentage , means, aircraft , occurs to, by means of,make a life ,） 课后作业 背会今天所学单词

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