八年级下册三单元重点短语.doc

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1. in front of 在的前面（外部）2. in the front of在的前面（内部）3. in the library 在图书馆4. get out of/get into出之外/进入5. sleep late睡懒觉 6. sleep well睡得好go to sleep=fall asleep 睡着7. walk down/along沿走8. take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）9. on Sunday evening在星期日晚上10. in the tree在树上 11. on the tree在树上12. take photos=take pictures照相13. at the train station在火车站14. run away跑开，逃跑15. as+adj原形 as 和一样16. buy/draw/make sth. for sb.为某人买/画/制作17. walk home走回家18. in history在历史上19. for example=such as 例如20. in the city of 在市21. on the playground在操场上22. ten minutes ago 十分钟前23. take place发生（强调必然性）24. happen to sth./sb.发生（强调偶然性） What has happened to you? Whats the matter with you? Whats wrong with you?25. of course=sure=certainly当然 26. all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界27. outside/inside the station 在车站外/内28. next to 相邻，紧贴29. close to 接近于；在附近30. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床31. hear about/of 听说（间接听到）32. in silence沉默不语 33. keep silent 保持沉默34. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历35. have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 36. have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难37. have meaning to 对. 有意义 38. become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员39. a national hero 一个民族英雄 40. be famous all over the world全世界出名 41. for the first time 第一次42. at the doctors 在诊所43. cut hair 理发44. take turn 依次轮流45. in the barbers chair坐在理发店的椅子上46. be scared of sthsb害怕某事、某人be scared to do sth 害怕做某事47. begin a sentence with以一个句子开头48. run with跟着。跑49. say(said) to sb 对某人说50. be helpful for sb 对某人事有益的【重难点分析】一. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如： I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。 过去进行时的构成：肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主语+was not (wasnt)/were not (werent)+V-ing疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。基本用法：1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如： What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？ I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded. 3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs ) 4、情态动词表示“应该”、“必须” （shall, should, may, might, must, ought to）（1）shall 和 should 用于表示“必须”：. Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定) 每一个会员必须配带名卡。. I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该) 我应该尽快给他回信。. You shouldnt judge a man always by the clothes. (shouldnt “不应该”含有劝告的意思) 你不应该总是以貌取人。. The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等，表示义务和规定) 新规则于一月一日起生效。（2）may 和 might 用于表示“应该(多用于法律等条文，一般上多用 shall):. Payment may be paid by check.(表示规定) 应以支票付款。. You might ask before you use my computer. (might表示应该) 你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。（3）must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”：. You must keep the place clean. (务必) 你务必保持地方干净。. We must obey orders. (表示有义务) 我们必须服从命令。. Must I pay now? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时，需用 neednt 或 dont have to) 我现在就得付款吗？5、情态动词表示“意图”、“打算”(will, would, shall, should)（1）will 和 would 用于表示某种意图：. Ill call you as soon as possible. (will 主要用于第一人称) 我会尽快打电话给你。. Will you accept this invitation? (用would 则表示更客气) 你愿意接受这邀请吗？. Who will do the job? (用于条件句，可用于各种人称) 谁愿意做这事？. We wont (will not) stay here too long. (will not 表示不愿) 我们不愿呆在这里太久。（2）shall 和 should 用于表示说话人的意图： . We shant (shall not) go if it rains. (shall not 也可用 will not) 如果下雨，我们就不打算走了。. I shant go with you. (shall 只用在第一人称) 我不打算和你一同走。6、情态动词表示“意愿”（will, would, shall, should）（1）will 和 would ：. She will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿) 如果你问她，她会做的。. Would you have another cup of tea? (用 would 比 will 客气) 你想再来一杯茶吗？. Will you have some cookies? (will用于疑问句，表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗？. If he will, he can do it. (will 用于条件句，用于第二、三人称) 如果他愿意，他会做的。. Would you excuse me? (woul