江苏省南通市中考英语一模专题整理 名词整理.doc

名词考点汇编1.可数名词与不可数名词(1) 可数名词有单复两种形式，不可数名词只有单数。pen-pens; bread(2) 可数名词用不定冠词或基数词修饰；不可数名词则用“不定冠词/数词 + 单位词+ of”修饰。an apple; two pictures; a piece of bread; four glasses of water (3) 可数名词复数前用many, few, a few, several修饰; 不可数名词前用much; little, a little修饰. some和any既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。many ideas; much bread; some books; some juice即景活用 you can get much about the world expo on the internet.a map b picture c ticket d informationthe doctor told me to eat more because its good for my health.a orange b vegetables c ice cream d fish2.名词变复数(1)规则变化：一般情况词尾加s: map-maps; boy-boys以s, x, ch, sh结尾加es: box-boxes; watch-watches以f/fe结尾 变f/fe为v，再加es: leaf-leaves; knife-knives 直接加s: chief-chiefs; gulf-gulfs以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加es: story-stories; 以辅音字母加o结尾 有生命的加es: potato-potatoes; 无生命的加s: photo-photos巧记: 黑人(negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)和西红柿(tomato)，有意思(es)(2) 不规则变化变内部元音字母：man-men; foot-feet; tooth-teeth完全不规则：child-children; mouse-mice单复同形：fish; sheep; deer; chinese; japanesel 注意：合成名词的复数形式 一般情况只变主体词girl student-girl students; new-comer-new-comers 由man/woman构成的合成名词a man driver-men drivers; a woman teacher-women teachers3.名词所有格(1) s所有格单词形式构成方法举例普通单数n.在词尾直接加smy fathers friend词尾已有s的复数n.在词尾只加studentss room词尾不带s的复数n.在词尾加schildrens day表示几个词共有在最后一个词的词尾加sjane and marys room表示几个词各自所有在每个词的词尾加sjanes and marys room表示某人的家，店铺在词尾加s,省略n.at my uncles; at the butchers(2) of所有格a map of china; the gate of the school(3) 双重所有格: of + 名词s 或of + 名词性物主代词a friend of my fathers; a photo of minel (4) 特殊所有格the way to the school; the key to the schoolthe answer to the question注：名词复数的所有格要重点关注，这类考点注意分布在二卷的词汇题中，另外，其他词性的单词变成名词形式的规律注意总结4.名词的用法(1) 作主语her father has been in the army for 30 years.(2) 作动词或介词宾语im drawing a picture.l (3) 作宾补we consider him a clever boy.we make the boy our monitor.(4) 作表语the computer is a wonderful machine.(5) 作同位语mr. wang, our english teacher, is very knowledgeable.(6) 作状语the telephone rang a second time.l (7) 作定语there is a stone bridge over there.there are ten men teachers in their school.关注名词作定语的用法，如：men doctors women teachers boy students apple trees.名词的固定词组注意积累，如：have interest in have advantages over.考察题型主要为单选和词汇一单选7. what a good _ youve given me! (启东二模）dont mention it.a. adviceb. progressc. suggestiond. information答案：c3. it is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books, so its important to have real _ with languages, cultures and societies.（启东一模）a. influence b. knowledge c. experiences d. communications 答案：c4. the two cities have reached an to develop science and technology.(海安模拟）a. education b. excitement c. invention d. agreement答案：d7. sam gave ann some _ to look after the parrot while he was away.(2015如皋中考）a.decisionsb. inventionsc. instructions d. conclusions答案：c二词汇47. it is highly possible that hillary rodham clinton will become the first woman president of the united states in history. she has many _ (优势) over other competitors. （启东二模） 答案：advantages48. i was able to remember these_ (音乐家) names when i was very young. (启东二模） 答案：musicianswise one medicine you hope 53. i think my grandmother is a woman of great _. she can always give me all kinds ofvaluable advice.(启东二模）答案：wisdom46. surprise a new_ (邻居) with one of your favourite home-made dishes. (启东一模）答案：neighbourcare science able two excite51.she has the _ to write beautifully in english.（启东一模）54. qian xuesen was a rocket _. he was famous all over the world as the father of chinas space technology.答案：51.ability 54.scientist46. the students took the pisa test in three (科目) reading, maths and science.（海安）答案：subjectsyou forty tooth far sleep51. dont eat too much sugar! theyre bad for our .(海安）答案：teeth46. do you like reading? （2015如皋中考） yes, and (诗歌) are my favourite.47. the days are becoming longer and longer and the (温度) rises a lot, soon the hot season will begin.（2015如皋中考）答案：46.poems 47.temperature46. at the beginning of the twentieth century, the worlds _ (人口) was about 1,700 million.(通州一模） 答案：population 50. what is your favorite _?(通州一模） spring, because its neither too hot nor too cold. 答案：seasonfive rapid i foot safe54. some citizens grow vegetablesthemselves because they are worried about the _ of the food.（通州一模） 答案：safety48. last week, my grandparents took me to the (a market held regularly in a particular place)in my homet