八年级英语下册 Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件 （新版）牛津版(1).ppt

passivevoice被动语态 grammar grammar tolearnthepassivevoiceinthesimplepresenttenseandinthesimplepasttense translate 80 的眼疾能够被预防或治愈 飞机也被用作培训中心当地的医生和护士被邀请到飞机上学习眼科手术在我上次被访问期间 150位病人做了手术更多的钱需要来继续开展我们的工作 80 oftheeyeproblemscanbepreventedorcured theplanisalsousedasatrainingcenyre localdoctersandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeproblems duringmylastvisit 150patientswereoperated moremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork 英语语态 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 1 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者 2 或者只需强调动作的承受者时 要用被动语态 被动语态结构 be 及物动词的 过去分词 by move 写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 visit visitedvisited movedmoved verb ed 以e结尾 d study studied studied 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 去y ied clap clapped clapped 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 双写最后一个辅音字母 ed 写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 begiveseemakeputcomewrite was werebeengavegivensawseenmademadeputputcamecomewrotewritten 注 不规则动词见书上不规则动词表 hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday 主 谓 宾 受动者 bowls arewashed by hisbrother everyday 改为被动语态 summary 主动语态 s 主语 v 谓语 o 宾语 被动语态 s 主语 v 被动结构 byo 宾语 转换步骤1原句的宾语变主语 宾变主 2和原句的时态保持一致 看时态 3找出对应的谓语动词 变分词 1 theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 及物动词 宾语 shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 一般现在时 s 主语 am is are 过去分词 变为被动语态 theyplayfootballonsunday lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening theyoftenusecomputersinclass wemakethesemachinesinbeilun peoplespeakenglishasthefirstlanguageinuk footballisplayedbythemonsunday thehomeworkisdonebylucyintheevening computersareoftenusedbytheminclass thesemachinesaremadeinbeilun englishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinuk 2 theyboughttencomputerslastterm tencomputerswerebought bythem lastterm 一般过去时 s was were 过去分词 theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday wecleanedourclassroomjustnow theyusedthisroomforresting theyplantedmanytreesyearsago thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago 被动语态构成 一般现在时 一般过去时 s am is are dones was were done exercises 变被动语态 1 peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings knives forcuttingthings areused 2 thestudentsinthisschoolstudygerman german bythestudentsinthisschool isstudied 3didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear atthistimelasttime 4 dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion thisquestionoften about is talked bythem weremanytreesplanted finishparta bonp99andp100 被动语态中的特殊情况1 不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时 在变为被动语态时 仍然要带上介词 thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool 2 当动词带有复合宾语 有宾补 并且宾补是省去 to 的动词不定式时 在被动语态中应加上 to theymakeusdoallthework wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem weoftenhearhersingsongs sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus isawhimwalktoschool hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme 这些动词真奇怪 主动句中to离开 被动句中to回来 let have make feel see watch hear notice 3 当动词带双宾语时 一个宾语是指人 一个是指物 将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来 如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语 在被动句中则指人宾语前应加 to 或 for 常见加to的动词有give send teach write show pass ask tell 常见加for的动词有make draw buy hegivesmeaflowereveryday 1iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday 2aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday mymotherboughtmeacomputer 1iwasboughtacomputerbymymother 2acomputerwasboughtformebymymother 将下列句子变为被动句 1 lileilistenstohisfathercarefully 2 themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom 3 wetookcareofthethings 4 theygaveussomework 5 theboymadethemlaughallthetime 6 mymotherbuysmeabike 1 anewlibrary inourschoollastyear a is builtb was builtc does buildd did build2 cotton 棉花 inthesoutheastofchina a isgrownb aregrownc growsd grow practice1 4 howmanytrees everyyear a areplantedb willplantc havebeenplantedd planted5 thegreatwall allovertheworld a knowsb knewc isknownd wasknown6 astory bygrannyyesterday a wastoldusb wastoldtousc istoldusd toldus practice1 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1 it ssaid 据说 thatthelongbridge build twomonthsago 2 whichlanguage themostwidely speak intheworld 3 lastyearalargenumberoftrees cut down 4 vegetables eggsandf