研究生英语国家概况复习题之判断.docx

判断题及答案Chapter11.TheislandofGreatBritainisgeographicallydividedintothreeparts:England,ScotlandandWales.(T)2.PeopleindifferentpartsofBritainliketousethenameEnglandtorefertotheircountry.(F)3.TodaymorethanhalfofthepeopleinWalesstillspeaktheancientWelshlanguage.(F)4.Intermsofpopulationandarea,NorthernIrelandisthesecondlargestpartoftheUnitedKingdom.(F)5.ThelongestriverofBritainoriginatesinWales.(T)6.Becauseofpoliticaltroubles,NorthernIrelandhasbeenquitesignificantamongthefourconstituentpartsoftheUnitedKingdom.(T)7.ThoughtheclimateinBritainisgenerallymild,thetemperatureinnorthernScotlandoftenfallsbelow-10CinJanuary.(F)8.ThemajorityofthepeopleinBritainaredescendantsoftheAnglo-Saxons.(T)9.TheCelticpeoplearetheearliestknowninhabitantsofBritain.(T)10.EnglishchangedintowhatisdescribedasModernEnglishfromthelate16thcentury.(F)Chapter21.TheBritishhistorybefore55BCisbasicallyundocumented.(T)2.TheCeltsbecamethedominantgroupinBritainbetweenthe8thand5thcenturiesBC.(T)3.ThenameofBritaincamefromaCeltictribe-theBritons.(T)4.TheAnglo-SaxonscametoBritaininthemid-5thcentury.(T)5.ThechieforkingoftheAnglo-Saxontribesexercisedpowerattheirownwill.(F)6.TheVikingsbegantoattacktheEnglishcoastinthe8thcentury.(T)7.HenryIIbuiltupalargeempirewhichincludedEnglandandmostofFrance.(T)8.TheMagnaCartawasdesignedtoprotecttherightsofboththeprivilegedclassandthetownspeople.(F)9.TheHundredYearsWarwasaseriesofwarsfoughtbetweenEnglandandNormansfoetradeandterritory.(F)10.Inanefforttomakeacompromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions,QueenElizabethIactuallydefendedthefruitoftheReligiousReformation.(T)Chapter31.ConventionsareregardedlessimportantthancommonlawintheworkingoftheBritishgovernment.(F)2.TheBritishmonarchyhasneverbeeninterruptedthroughoutthehistory.(F)3.Inreality,theBritishKingorQueenisthesourceofallgovernmentpowers.(F)4.BritishParliamentisthelaw-makingbodyoftheCommonwealthofNations.(F)5.LordsSpiritualandLordsTemporalareallmembersintheBritishUpperHouse.(T)6.ThemembersintheHouseofCommonsareappointedratherthanelected.(F)7.TheBritishPrimeMinisteristheleaderofthemajoritypartyinParliament.(T)8.CabinetmembersarechosenbythePrimeMinisterfromvariouspoliticalpartiesinParliament.(F)9.Britishlawconsistsoftwoparts,thecivillawandthecriminallaw.(T)10.ThelegalsystemsinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIrelandaremuchsimilarintermsoflaw,organizationandpractice.(F)Chapter41.Britainwasthefirstindustrializednationintheworld.(T)2.TheBritisheconomyexperiencedarelativedeclineduringthepostwarperiod.(T)3.LimitedresourcesandhighunemploymentratewerepersistentproblemsthatpreventedrapideconomicdevelopmentinBritain.(F)4.ThatchersrevolutionturnedouttobeagreatsuccessindealingwithalltheBritisheconimicandsocialproblems.(F)5.TheeconomicapproachadoptedbyTonyBlairisdifferentfromthatoftheLaborpartyandtheConservativeParty.(T)6.BlairmadetheBankofEnglandindependentinordertoseparatepoliticsandeconomicpolicy.(T)7.Britainistheworldsleadingexporterofpoultryanddairyproducts.(F)8.Thefishingindustryprovidesmorethan50%ofBritainsdemandforfish.(T)9.Britainisanimportantoilexportersinceitsoilindustryhasalonghistory.(F)10.NuclearpowerisoneofthemajorenergysourcesinBritain.(T)Chapter51. TheBritishgovernmenthasbeenresponsibleforeducationsincetheearly1800s.(F2.EducationinBritainiscompulsoryforallchildrenbetweentheagesof6and15.(F)3.TheNationalCurriculumiscompulsoryinboththestatesystemandtheindependentsystem.(F)4.Whenchildrenfinishtheirschoolingat16,theyarerequiredtotakeanationalGCSEexamination.(T)5.GraduatesfromstateschoolsinBritainhavealessfavorablechancetoenterfamousuniversitiesthanthosefromindependentschools.(T)6.Inthe1960s,alargenumberofnewuniversitieswerefoundedinBritain.(T)7.MostBritishpeoplebegintheirdaywithreadingthemorningnewspaperandenditwatchingtelevisionintheevening.(T)8.TheTimesistheworldsoldestnationalnewspaper(F)9.TheBBCWorldServicebroadcastsonlyinEnglishthroughouttheworld.(F)10.SomeBritishholidaysarecelebratedtomarktheimportanteventsoftheChristiancalendar,andothersarerelatedtolocalcustomsandtraditions.(T)Chapter61.TheCanterburyTalesisarepresentativeworkoftheOldEnglishPeriod.(F)2.RenaissanceischaracterizedbyadmirationoftheGreekandLatinclassics.(T)3.Hamletdepictstheherosstrugglewithtwoopposingforces:moralintegrityandtheneedtoavengehisfathersmurder.(T)4.AlexanderPopewasagreatEnglishpoetwhoalsotranslatedHomersIliad.(T)5.JonathanSwiftisprobablytheforemostprosesatiristintheEnglishlanguage,andRobinsonCrusoeishismasterpiece.(F)6.WilliamWordsworthandSamuelTaylorColeridgebroughttheRomanticMovementtoitsheight.(F)7.LordByrondistinguishedhimselfbythemusicalqualityofhisshortpoems,suchasOdetotheWestWind.(F)8.JaneAustenwasawell-knownnovelistofthestreamofconsciousnessschool.(F)9.JosephConradisclassifiedasaforerunnerofModernism,whichprevailedbeforeWorldWarII.(T)10.V.S.NaipauldetailedinhisworksthedualproblemsoftheThirdWorld:theoppressionofcolonialismandthechaosofpostcolonialism.(T)Chapter71.TheRepublicofIrelandoccupiestheentireareaoftheislandofIreland.(F)2.TheearliestinhabitantsinIrelandwereCeltictribesfromEurope.(F)3.Inthe1800s,IrelandgainedinprosperitybecauseitbecameapartofBritain.(F)4.Inthe1930s,Irelandwasnotindeedarepublic,butbelongedtotheCommonwealthofNations.(T)5.TosupportthegovernmentsneutralityinWorldWarII,therewasnoIrishmanparticipatinginthewar.(F)6.WiththehelpofBritain,IrelandenteredtheEECin1973withoutdifficulties.(F)7.In1949,BritainrecognizedtheindependenceoftheIrishRepublicandreturnedthesixnortherncountries.(F)8.InIreland,boththeHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenatehavethepowerofmakinglaws.(F)9.EnglishistheonlyofficiallanguageinIreland,becausethemajorityofpeoplespeakitastheirtongue.(F)10.CatholicisminIrelandismorethanamerematterofprivatefaith.(T)Chapter81.TheeasternhighlandsformedbytheAppalachiansholdonethirdofthecountryscontinentalterritory.(F)2.TheclimateintheUnitedStatescanbeclassifiedastemperate,withsomemildsubtropicalandtropicalzones.(T)3.AlmostthroughthemiddleoftheUnitedStates,northtosouth,runsawell-known50-centimeterrainfallline.(T)4.NewYorkisthecommercialandfinancialcenteroftheUnitedStates,anditiscomposedoffiveboroughsincludingManhattan,Brooklyn,theBronx,StatenIsland,andQueens.(T)5.SanFranciscoisthesecondlargestcityafterNewYorkandtheworldfamousHollywoodandDisneylandarelocatedhere.(F)6.HalfoftheU.S.Populationlivesinthewesternmetropolitancenters.(F)7.TheBlacksbroughtfromAfricatoAmericausuallyworkedonplantationsorfarmsintheNorth.(F)8.Duringthe1830sand1840s,manynorthernEuropeansandIrishimmigrantscametoAmerica.(T)9.AlmosthalfoftheimmigrantscomingtotheUnitedStatesinthe1980swereAsians.(T)10.BasicAmericanculturalvaluesarefreedom,equalityanddesiretoworkhardforahigherstandardofliving.(T)Chapter91.AmericawasnamedafterAmerigoVespucci,whoarrivedonthenewcontinentafterColumbus.(T)2.ThesecondContinentalCongresswasheldinPhiladelphia,andtheContinentalArmyandNavywerefoundedunderthecommandofThomasJefferson.(F)3.TheCivilWarnotonlyputanendtoslavery,butalsodecidedthatAmericawasasingle,indivisiblenation.(T)4.ManyAmericanpeopleapprovedoftheVietnamWar.(F)5.DuringClintonsterm,theeconomydevelopedsteadily,resultinginalowerrateofunemployment.(T)6.In1990,AmericantroopsandthetroopsfromalliednationslaunchedOperationDesertStorminordertodriveIraqitroopsoutofKuwait.(T)7.AccordingtotheAmericanadministration,SaddamHusseinandOsamabinLadenwereresponsiblefortheterroristeventonSeptember11,2001.(F)8.TheAmericagovernmentregardedIraqanationamongtheaxisofevil.(T)9.OnMarch19,2003,AmericanandUnitedNationstroops,supportedbyseveralothercountries,begananinvasionofIraq.(F)10.AlthoughthecombatoperationsinIraqareover,itisstillhardforAmericatodecidewhentowithdrawitsarmy.(T)Chapter101.BillofRightswaswrittenintotheConstitutionin1787.(F)2.TheformofAmericangovernmentisbasedonthreemainprinciples:federalism,theseparationofpowers,andrespectfortheConstitutionandtheruleoflaw.(T)3.TheU.S.Congressisthelegislativebranchofthefederalgovernmentanditconsistsoftwohouses:theHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords.(F)4.CertainpresidentialappointmentsmustbeapprovedbyCongress.(T)5.Thejudicialbranchofthefederalgovernmentconsistsofaseriesofcourts:theSupremeCourt,thecourtsofappealsandthedistrictcourts.(T)6.LikeBritain,theUnitedStateshasatwo-partysystem.(T)7.TheDemocraticPartyisconservativeintermsofitsideology.(F)8.Americanpresidentialcampaignadherestothewinner-take-allpractice.(T)9.AmericanforeignpolicythroughouttheWorldWarIIwasneutrality.(F)10.AmericanforeignpolicyduringtheColdWarperiodwascontainmentandintervention.(T)Chapter111.Americaistheworldslargestindustrialnation.(T)2.Americahasamixedeconomyandthegovernmenthaslittlecontroloverbusinesses.(F)3.ChartercompaniescontributedtoBritainssuccessfulcolonizationoftheU.S.(T)4.IntheU.S.Constitution,therecognitionoftheimportanceofintellectualpropertycouldbeidentified.(T)5.AlthoughslaverywasabolishedasaresultoftheCivilWar,theownersofplantationintheSouthmademoreprofitsfromsellingtheiragricultureproducts.(F)6.PresidentRooseveltsNewDealhadlittleeffectindealingwiththeeconomiccrisisintheearly1930s.(F)7.The1960swasaperiodofconsolidationfortheAmericanbusinesses.(F)8.Americanagriculturalexportsoutweighimports,leavingasurplusintheagriculturalbalanceoftrade.(T)9.AutoproductionisoneoftheimportantsectorsinAmericanmanufacturingindustry.(T)10.TheworldeconomyhaslittletodowiththegrowthanddeclineoftheAmericanforeigntrade.(F)Chapter121.EducationisgovernedbystateandlocalgovernmentsinsteadofthenationalgovernmentinAmerica.(T)2.AllAmericanchildrenareoffered12yearsofcompulsorypubliceducation.(T)3.Thefirstformalacademicinstitutionthatachildattendsiscalledkindergarten.(F)4.After12yearsofschooling,Americanstudentsreceiveabachelorsdegreeatgraduation.(F)5.Whenselectingacollegeoruniversity,undergraduatestudentshaveagreatconcernforitssize,locationandacademicquality.(T)6.InAmericaninstitutions,aboardoftrusteescomposedofprofessionalsisresponsiblefortheadministration.(F)7.Usually,anundergraduatestudenthastoearn120creditstoreceiveadegree.(T)8.YaleuniversityisthesecondeldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates.(F)9.ItisTheNewYorkTimesthatfirstuncoveredtheWatergateScandalin1972throughtheeffortsoftworeporters.(F)10.ThanksgivingDayfallsonthefourthTuesdayinNovember.(F)Chapter131.JonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklinaretwosourcesofAmericanliteraryspirit.(T)2.WaltWhitmanintroducedgreatinnovationstoAmericanliterature,andhedevisedapoeticstyle,freeverse.(T)3.EmilyDickinsonspoemsareusuallylong,exploringtheinnerlifeoftheindividual.(F)4.StephenCraneisfamousforhiswritingsaboutAmericanslivinginEurope.(F)5.EzraPoundledtheSchoolofImagism,whichadvocatesaclear,highlyvisualpresentation.(T)6.AsaJewishwriter,SaulBellowfocuse