英语人教版八年级下册Unit 9 Section A lesson 3.doc

课题 Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum? Section A 3 (Grammar focus 4c)教学目标1. Knowledge and Ability Objects1) Target language:Have you ever been to a science museum?Yes, Ive been to a science museum./ No, Ive never been to a science museum.Have you ever visited the space museum?Yes, I have. I went there last year./No, I havent.Ive been to the art museum many times.Me, too. And Ive also visited the nature museum.2. Method Objects in Teaching(1) Explanation method.(2) Exercise methods.教材分析1. Teaching Key Points1. The present perfect tense.2. How to use the present perfect tense. 2. Teaching Difficulties To understand and use the present perfect tense.3. Teaching Aids1. A computer for multimedia use.2. A picture.教学步骤Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Greetings and Revision Greet the class as usual and check the homework. Ask students to read the sentences of Grammar focus aloud.Step 2 Learn the Present Perfect Tense 1. 用法肯定式否定式I/You/We/They have finished the work.He/She/It has finished the work.I/You/We/They have not finished the work.He/She/It has not finished the work. 构成：have(助动词) + p.phas(第三人称单数助动词) + p.p 疑问式回答Have I/you finished the work?Has he/she finished the work?Yes, you/I have.No, you/I havent.Yes, he/she has.No, he/she hasnt.have not 常缩略为haventhas not 常缩略为hasnt现在完成时的用法Have you had your lunch yet?Yes, I have. I have just had it.(现在我不饿了）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。I havent seen her these days.I have known Bob for three years.Ive been at this school for over two years.They have lived here since 1982.She has taught us since I came to this school. 某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括现在）的动作或者状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的是延续性动词。ever 意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。e.g. HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong?你曾去过香港吗？ Ihaventeverspokentoher. 我未曾和她说过话。 never意为“从来没有”常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 e.g. Ihavenevertravelledbyplanebefore. 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。 2. have been to & have gone to区别比较：He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿了）。have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。 3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别比较：I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。（我了解这部电影的内容） I saw the film last month. 我上个月看了这部电影。(只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在情况） 一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。 一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续到现在并可能持续下去。 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years, Step 3 Exercises 1. Finish 4a on textbook. Put the correct form of the verbs in the blanks.1）. A: Do you want _ (come) to the space museum? B: No, Ive already _ (be) there three times.2）. A: Have you _ (see) the robots at the science museum? B: Yes, I _ (go) there last weekend.3）. A: Lets _ (spend) the day at the zoo. B: Well, Ive already _ (be) there a couple of times, but Im happy _ (go) again. 4）. A: How about _ (go) to the art museum? There are some special German paintings there right now. B: Sure. When do you want _ (go)?5）. A: Have you ever _ (visit) the history museum? B: No, Ive never _ (be) there.2. Finish 4b on textbook. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Most of us _ (see) Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and other famous Disney characters in cartoons before. But have you ever _ (be) to Disneyland? Disneyland _ (be) an amusement park with a special theme Disney characters and movies. There _ (be) many exciting rides, lovely restaurants and fantastic gift shops there. You can also _ (see) the Disney characters walking around the park. And have you ever _ (hear) of a Disney Cruise? This _ (be) a boat ride with a Disney theme. You can _ (take) a ride on the boat for several days and eat and sleep on it. On the boat, you can _ (shop) and have Disney parties before you _ (arrive) at