关系副词引导的定语从句ppt课件.ppt

Unit5 Grammar TheAttributiveClause Theuseoftherelativepronoun 关系代词 口诀 定语从句三步 第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能 做主语 宾语或状语 第三选择合适的关系词 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB WhatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse youwant A whichB thatC whoD what3 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it Choosethebestanswers 4 Pleasetakethesecondchair isoverthere A whereB whichC whoD that 5 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it 6 Finally thethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice NMET98 A whichB whatC whateverD that 7 Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood wasmorethanweexpected A whatB whichC thatD it 关系副词的用法 时间 时间状语 地点 地点状语 原因 原因状语 一 关系副词where引导的定语从句 where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词 例 Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago 知识拓展 1 关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为 介词 in on at under等 which 引导的定语从句 Eg Thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean Thehotelinwhichwestayedwasn tclean Thehotelwhich thatwestayedinwasn tclean ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow 2 若定语从句的先行词是地点 但定语从句缺主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 而不用where来引导 Thelibrarythat whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990 3 如果定语从句分别修饰point situation stage condition和case position等表示抽象意义的词 常用where prep which引导 意思是 到了某种地步 在某种境况中 例 I vecometothepointwhereIcan tstandhim 典型例题 1 It shelpfultoputchildreninasituation theycanseethemselvesdifferently A thatB whenC whichD where 2 Lifeislikealongrace wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves A whyB whatC thatD where 3 IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown A whichB whereC howD why 4 TheywillflytoWashington theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays A whereB thereC whichD when when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词 例 ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife 二 关系副词when引导的定语从句 先行词是time时 若time是作 次数 讲时 应用关系代词that引导的定语从句 that可以省略 Thisisthesecondtime that thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry Icouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes that I vefailed 若time作 一段时间 时代 讲时 应用关系副词when或介词at during which引导的定语从句Thiswasatatimewhen duingwhichtherewasnoradios notelephonesornoTVs 1 Thisisthesecondtime Ihavebeenhere 2 Canyoustillrememberthetime wespenttogetherinourchildhood 3 Thefirsttime hesawher hefellinlovewithher 1 that 不填2 that which3 that 不填 4 Wearelivinginaage manythingsaredoneontheInternet A WhichB ThatC WhoseD when 知识拓展 1 关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为 介词 in at on during which 引导的定语从句 Istillrememberthetimewhen duringwhich Ilivedinthecountryside 2 若定语从句的先行词是时间 但定语从句缺主语或宾语 则用which或that引导定语从句 I llneverforgetthetimethat whichIspentoncampus I llneverforgetthetimethat whichwasspentwithyou 1 Becauseofthefinancialcrisis daysaregone local5 starhotelscharged6 000yuanforonenight A ifB whenC whichD since 2 Wewentthroughaperiod communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas A whichB whoseC inwhichD withwhich 3 Occasionsarequiterare Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids A WhoB WhichC WhyD When 三 关系副词why引导的定语从句 why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词 如 excuse explanation reason等 例 Thereasonwhyhedidn tcometothepartyisthathedidn twanttoseeJane Wecan taccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting 知识拓展 1 关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为 for which 引导的定语从句 Thisisthereasonwhy forwhich Ididn tcomehere 2 若定语从句的先行词是reason 但定语从句缺主语或宾语 则用which或that引导定语从句 Thereasonthat whichshegavemewasnottrue 即学即用1 Thereason hedidn tcomewasthathewasill 2 Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue why that which 3 Thereason hewasabsentwas hehadabadcold A When becauseB When whyC WhybecauseD Whythat 四 Way后接定语从句的情况 way后面的定语从句的引导词有which inwhich that 不填 如 Irecognizedhe sfromAustraliafromtheway hespeaks inwhich that 不填 填上合适的关系词并分析原因 1 Theway heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand 2 Theway heexplainedtouswasquitesimple that which 不填 that inwhich 不填 缺状语 缺宾语 缺少主语或宾语 引导词用that which 不填 缺宾语时 主语宾语都不缺 引导词用that inwhich 不填 1 Idon tliketheway youlaughather Inwhich that 不填 四 判断关系代词与关系副词 1 Thisisthemountainvillage Ivisitedlastyear 2 Thisisthemountainvillage Istayedlastyear 3 Thisisthemountainvillage Istayedinlastyear that which where that which 不填 介词可后移 此时关系代词可以省略 Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked Thisisthebookwhich that 不填youaskedfor 但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开 介词不能提前 只能能够放在动词的后面Eg ThisisXuJinglei slatestmovie which that sheislookingfor 1 Isthismuseum youvisitedafewdaysago A whereB thatC onwhichD theone2 Isthisthemuseum theexhibitionwasheld A whereB thatC onwhichD theone 归纳 关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分 先行词在从句中作主 定 宾语时 选择关系代词 who whom that which whose 先行词在从句中作状语时 应选择关系副词 where地点状语 when时间状语 why原因状语 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句 介词后的关系代词只能是which 指物 whom 指人 介词选择的三原则 一介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定onwhichIspent5yuan forwhichIpaid5yuan ThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot aboutwhichTomoftentalks 二 介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定 IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty thedaysduringwhichIlivedhere themonthinwhicIstayedthere 三 介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定 Mycomputer withoutwhichIcan tplaycomputergames crashedyesterday Learningacountry scultureislikeopeningawindow throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter 四 当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时 常用ofwhich whom引导定语从句 Theoldmanhastwosons bothofwhomaredoctors Thisisthehouse thewindowsofwhich whosewindow areverybeautiful 五 介词短语 关系代词 常见短语 atthefootof atthebakeof infrontof onthetopofEg Theystayedinabighotel infrontofwhichwasagarden 六 名词 代词 数词 of 关系代词 该结构一般引导非限制性定语从句 在从句中一般做主语Eg Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininthebigfire 七 介词 whose 在定语从句中做定语 修饰其后的名词Eg SheistheverypersoninwhosepocketIfoundmylostwatch 1 Guncontrolisasubject Americanshavearguedforalongtime A OfwhichB WithwithC AboutwhichD Intowhich 2 ThehouseIgrewup hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding A InitB InC InthatD Inwhich 3 Tomreceivedtraininginacomputerforoneyear hefoundajobinabigcompany A AfterthatB AfterwhichC AfteritD Afterthis 4 Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses A towhichB towhomC withwhomD Withthat 5 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenWindows mostof hadn tbeencleanedfortenyears A theseB thoseC thatD which 定语从句与其他从句的比较1 非限制性定语从句和单句 并列句的比较Hehastwosons Bothof areteachers 句 Hehastwosons andbothof areteachers 句 Hehastwosons bothof areteachers 句 Hehastwosons bothof areteachers 句 A themB whom A 简单 A A 并列 并列 B 定语从 分析 注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句 简单句和并列句的一个关键 2 as引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子Theearthisround and isknowntoall isknowntoall theearthisround isknowntoallthattheearthisround A I itB A a s A B A 3 定语从句和状语从句 1 Thisissuchabigstone noonecanliftit 从句 Thisissuchabigstone noonecanlift 从句 状语 that as 定语 分析 从引导词来看 状语从句中的that是连词 在从句中不充当任何成分 而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分 主语 宾语或表语 2 Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit 从句 Pleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit 从句 定语 状语 总结 where前面有被修饰的地点名词时 是定语从句 否则是状语从句 4 when引导的定语从句与强调句句型 ItwasOctober wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime 句 ItwasinOctober wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime 句 when that 定语从 强调 总结 强调句句型 Itis was 被强调的部分 that who 其它部分 去掉Itis was that who 句子照样成立 而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分 解题技巧 1 通读全句 首先判断是什么句型 2 题干句如果是疑问句式 将其转化为陈述句式 3 分析从句的句子结构 在定语从句中 缺什么 就补什么 缺主语或宾语 用关系代词 缺状语 用关系副词4 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and but等 即学即用 1 Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem noneofusworkedout A thatB asC sothatD which B 2 HereareplayersfromJapan someof areouroldfriends A whichB thatC whomD them C 3 Itwaseleveno clock theywentoutofthecinema A whichB thatC whenD onwhich C 1 I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 Iwenttotheplace Iworkedtenyearsago when inwhich which where inwhich 几种易混的情况 及物动词 4 Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago 5 Thisisthereason hewaslate 6 Thisisthereason hegave which why forwhich that which 及物动词 及物动词 1 Lastweek 0nlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse wantedtobuythem A NoneofthemB BothofthemC NoneofwhomD Neitherofwhom Themanpulledoutagoldenwatch weremadeofsmalldiamonds A ThehandsofwhomB WhomthehandsofC WhichthehandsofD Thehandsofwhich Thenewlybuiltcafe thewallsof arepaintedlightgreen isreallyapeacefulplaceforus especiallyafterhardwork A ThatB ItC whatD which That sthenewmachian partsaretoosmalltobeseen A ThatB WhichC WhoseD what Youwillfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily A WhichB WhereC whenD as JuliewasgoodatGerman French andRussian allof shespokefluently A WhoB WhomC WhichD that 2011 四川高考 Thatevening Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater Iendedupworkingverylate A whichB thatC whenD what 2011 陕西高考 Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake A whichB whereC whoD that 2012 合肥质量调研 Irememberearlyspringmornings mygrandmotherwouldtellmetositquietlya