化学专业英语常用词4.doc

Physical chemistry 物理化学Thermodynamics ,m(u)dainmiks n 热力学Kinetics kinetiks; kai- n 动力学Quantum chemistry 量子化学Statistical mechanics 统计力学Mechanism mek()niz()m n 机理Equilibrium of Heterogeneous SubstancesColloid and surface chemistry 胶体表面化学Quantum mechanics 量子力学Infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱Microwave spectroscopy 微波光谱EPR spectroscopy电子顺磁共振波谱法NMR spectroscopy 核磁共振谱Nuclear chemistry核化学Astrochemistry 天体化学Surface chemistry 表面化学Mechanical work 机械功Zero law of thermodynamics 热力学第零定律law of thermodynamics 热力学定律entropy entrpi n 熵system sistm n 系统surrounding sraundi n 环境internal energy 内能thermodynamic potential 热力位（势）equilibrium ,ikwilibrim; ,ekwi- n 平衡spontaneous process 自发过程Zeroth law 第零定律Energy balance equation 能量守恒方程Legendre transformation勒让德变换Enthalpy en()lpi; enlpi n 焓Helmholtz energy 亥姆霍兹自由能Gibbs energy 吉布斯自由能Isolated system 孤立系统Adiabatic system 绝热系统Diathemic system 透热系统Closed system 封闭系统Open system 开放系统Thermodynamic equilibrium 热力学平衡Reversible process 可逆过程Definite state定态Intensive variable 强度变量Extensive variable 广度变量Equation of state 状态方程Thermodynamic process 热力学过程Isobaric ,aisbrik adi 等压的Isochoric ,aisuk:rik / isometric ais(u)metrik / isovolumetric ,aisu,vljumetrik adj 等容的Isothermal ,aisuml adj 等热的Adiabatic ,eidaibtik; ,di- adj 绝热的Isentropic ,aisentrpik adj 等熵的Isenthalpic ,aisnlpik adj等焓的Steady state 稳态Phase rule 相律Phase diagram 相图Phase feiz n 相Density densiti n 密度Index of refraction 折射率Chemical composition 化学组成Plasma plzm n 等离子体Polar pul adj 极性的Non-polar 非极性的Phase transition 相转变Triple point 三线点Solidus 固相线Liquidus 液相线Critical point 临界点Supercritical fluid 超临界流体Non-azeotropic 非共沸的Binary phase diagram 二元相图Eutectic jutektik adj 低共熔的,共熔的 n 共熔合金Peritectic ,pertektik adj 包晶体的（转熔的）n 包晶Boiling point diagram 沸点图Chemical kenetics 化学动力学Reaction rate 反应速率Effect of various variables 各种变量的影响P181Re-arrangement of atom 原子重排Formation of intermediate 中间体的形成Law of mass action 质量作用定律Zero-order 零级First-oder 一级Second-order 二级Rate-determining step决速步Activation energy 活化能Arrhenius equation 阿伦尼乌斯方程Eyring equation 艾琳方程Physical state 物理状态Concentration kns()ntrei()n n 浓度Catalyst kt()list n 催化剂Autocatalysis ,tuktlisis n 自催化作用Enzyme enzaim n 酶Michaelis-Menten kinetics 米夏埃利斯-门滕动力学Partial pressure 分压Electrochemistry i,lektrukemistri n 电化学Electrolysis ,ilektrlisis; ,el- n 电解Electrochemical reaction 电化学反应Oxidation/reduction reaction 氧化/ 还原反应Electrochemical cell 电化学电池Galvanic cell 伽伐尼电池，原电池Voltaic cell 伏达电池Anode nud n 阳极Cathode kud n 阴极Electrical battery 电池Primary battery 原电池，一次电池Secondary battery 蓄电池，充电电池Electroform ilektrufm v 电铸Electroplate ilektr(u)pleit; i,lektr(u)pleit v 电镀Electrowinning i,lektruwini n 电解冶金法，电积金属法Electrorefine 电解精炼，电精制Corrosion kru()n n 腐蚀，锈蚀Passivation psivein n 钝化Plate pleit v 电镀Cathodic protection 阴极保护Surface science 表面科学Surface chemistry 表面化学Surface physics 表面物理Surface engineering 表面工程Interface 界面Colloid science 胶体科学Adsorption ds:pn n 吸附Chemisorption kmizrpn n 化学吸附Physisorption ,fizis:pn n 物理吸附Colloid chemistry 胶体化学Dispersed phase 分散相Continuous phase 连续相Aerosol ersl n 气溶胶Emulsion iml()n n 乳液Foam fum n 泡沫Dispersion disp()n n 分散体系Hydrosol haidrusl n 水溶胶Tyndall effect 丁达尔效应Stability of colloid system 胶体系统的稳定性Steric stabilization 位阻稳定Electrostatic stabilization 静电稳定作用Buoyancy binsi n 浮力Floc flk n 絮状物Flocculant flkjlnt n 絮凝剂Depletant n 耗尽剂Suspension sspen()n n 悬浮液Brownian force 布朗力Viscoelastic ,viskuilstik n 粘弹性的Lattice ltis n 点阵Pattern 图样，模，型式，图，特性，图案Unit cell 晶胞Lattice parameter 晶格参数Miller index notation 密勒指数Orthogonal g()n()l adj 正交的Optical property 光学性质Adsorption and reactivity 吸附和反应性Surface tension 表面张力Microstructural defect 微结构缺陷Cleavage klivid n 裂缝，分裂Plastic deformation 塑性变形Burgers vector 伯格斯矢量Inherent symmetry 固有对称性Two fold rotational symmetry 二重旋转对称Mirror plane symmetry镜面对称Translational symmetry 平移对称Compound symmetry 复合对称Cubic kjubik adj 立方的Hexagonal heksnl adj 六方的Tetragonal titrg()n()l adj 四方的Rhombohedral rmbuhi:drl adj 菱形的Orthorhombic ,(u)rmbik adj 正交晶的，斜方的Monoclinic mn(u)klinik adj 单斜的Triclinic traiklinik adj 三斜的Bravais lattice 布拉维点阵Space lattice 空间点阵Quasicrystal kweizaikristl n 准晶体Point group / crystal class点群Reflection riflek()n n 反射Rot