IELTS 词汇基础.doc

1. abide v. (abode，abode) 容忍，经受住 When children have had a major role in the determining procedures, the are more likely to abide by and enforce them. .2. abrupt a. 突然的，唐突的 These abrupt changes will produce either positive or negative feelings.3. absorb v. 吸收(液体、气体) Being at the top of a food chain, the glow-worm is likely to absorb any pollutants eaten by the snails on which it feeds. 4. access n. 入口，进入；接近的机会 providing universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation.5. acclaim v/n. 欢呼，喝彩，称赞 The new drug has been acclaimed as the most important discovery for years.6. accrue v. 积累， 自然增长或利益增加 But some Arctic communities are now operating tour business themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally.7. acquaint v. 使认识， 使了解 The lawyer acquainted himself with the details of his clients business affairs.8. acquiesce v. 默许，默认，顺从 Her parents will never acquiesce in such an unsuitable marriage.9. acrobatic a. 杂技的，杂技演员的 There are no animalsjust very talented clowning and acrobatic routines.10. activate v. 激活，起作用 Such behavior activates many different parts of the brain.11. addict v. 使沉溺， 使成瘾 My children are hopelessly addicted to television.12. adolescence n. 青春期 It has calculated that 17 per cent of cases of lung cancer can be attributed to high levels of exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke during childhood and adolescence. 13. averse a. 逆的，不利的，敌对的 the report suggests that the smoke experienced by many people in their daily lives is enough to produce substantial adverse effects on a persons heart and lungs.14. advocate v. 提倡， 鼓吹，主张 Professor Regelson advocates the use of melatonin for treating sleep disorders.15. affluent a. 富裕的，丰富的 Affluent he may be, but he is by no means sure what to tip the doorman.16. aggravate v. 加重，恶化 In poor countries, governments aggravate other sorts of damage.17. aggression n. 侵略，侵犯Ones first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of built-in animal aggression instinct that was activated by the experiment 18. align v. 使成一行，使结盟By the late 1980s, the term AI was being avoided by many researchers, who opted instead to align themselves with specific sub-disciplines19. allocate v. 拨给，分配，配置The world-wide coal industry allocates extensive resources to researching and developing new technologies and ways of capturing greenhouse gases. 20. ambiguous a. 模棱两可的，欢呼不清的An audio tape recording does not solve all the linguists problems, however. Speech is often unclear and ambiguous.21. animate v. 赋以生命， 绘制动画片；a. 活的，有生命的 Early cinema programmers were a mixture of items, combining comic sketches, free-standing narratives, serial episodes and the occasional trick or animated film.22. appall v. 使惊骇，使充满恐惧 The prospect of another war appalled us.23. apparatus n. 器械，仪器 with its close connections to the brains sub-cortical arousal apparatus and centers of metabolic control.24. appeasement n. 安抚，平息的行动或政策 However, there is another type of laughter, the laughter of social appeasement and it is important to understand this too. 25. aptitude n. 天资，才能 Each division was organized in exactly the same way, used the same technology, did exactly the same kind of work, and had employees of comparable aptitudes.26. arena n. 角斗场， 竞争场所 Environmental education offers an arena in which these skills can be developed, which is essential for these children as feature decision-makers.27. ascribe v. 把归咎于 A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad.28. assimilate v. 吸收； 同化 Some foods are assimilated more easily than others.29. aware a. 知道的，意识到的 In other words, we became aware of the obvious fact that there were “limits to growth”.30. background n. 背景， 出身 It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system. 31. banal a. 陈腐的，平庸的 Such objects can include both the extraordinary and the mundane, the beautiful and the banal.32. bare a. 赤裸的，没有保护的； 仅够的，极少的 The other thing is that certain plants can cause irritation if you touch them with bare skin.33. behalf n. 利益， 支持 On behalf of my colleagues and myself I thank you.34. benefit n. 益处，好处； v. 得益，得到好处 If play evolved to build muscle or as a kind of endurance training, then you would expect to see permanent benefits. 34. betray v. 出卖，背叛 But the human history of Amazonia in the past 11,000 years betrays that view as myth.36. bilateral a. 双边的 and this is explained by the fact that left-handers have a more bilateral speech function.37. blast n. 爆炸，爆破 In 1815, a sudden blast removed the top 1,280 meters of Mount Tambora in Indonesia.38. bloom n. 花期； v. 开花 If it were not for the dung beetle, chemical fertilizer and dung would be washed by rain into streams and rivers before it could be absorbed into the hard earth, polluting water courses and causing blooms of blue-green algae.39. blur v. 使（视线，感觉等）模糊不清 The current trend towards blurring these role signs in dress is probably democratic, but it also makes some people very insecure.40. boast n./v. 吹牛，夸耀 Our children love it; not every child can boast of being watched through their playroom windows by rabbits.41. bolt n. 螺栓，插销；v. 用螺栓将物体固定 Architects love it because large panels can be bolted together to make transparent walls, and turning it into ceiling and floors is almost as easy.42. bonus n. 额外给予的东西，奖金，红利 Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy.43. boom v. 迅速发展，繁荣 The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before.44. boost v./n推进，提高 Another factor that may boost the prospects for AI in the near future is that investors are now looking for firms using clever technology, rather than just a clever business model, to differentiate themselves.45. boundary n. 边界，界限 Of the 26 species that are known to have become successfully integrated into the local environment, only one, an African species released in northern Australia, has reached its natural boundary.46. breach n. 违反，违背 This new decision represents a breach of our original agreement. 47. breed v.(bred) 养育，繁殖 Isolation breeds linguistic diversity: as a result, the world is peppered with languages spoken by only a few people.48. brittle a. 易碎的，已损坏的 Geologist consider the earth as having a molten core, surrounded by a semi-molten mantle and a brittle, outer skin.49. brutal a. 野蛮的，残忍的， 残酷的 The children were rent from their mothers arm by the brutal soldiers.50. burglar n. 盗窃 This is a fake video camera which you fix to your wall to scare off burglars.51. burrow v. 挖地洞 Most species burrow into the soil and bury dung in tunnels directly underneath the pats, which are hollowed out from within.52. campaign n. 战役；活动；v. 参加活动、活动 Despite a new advertising campaign, they were suffering from falling sales. The suffragette movement, which campaigned for votes for women in the early twentieth century, is most commonly associated with the Pankhurst family and militant acts of varying degrees of violence.53. candidate n. 候选人； 应聘者 Well, in most interviews you usually ask candidates questions about their hobbies and what they like doing in their spare time.54. capacity n. (做某事的)能力，资格；容量，容积 resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible and that the capacity of nature or the environment to sustain economic development and population was also finite.55. capture v./n. 捕获，夺取 The goal they shared was an attempt to capture or mimic human abilities using machines.56. carefree a. 无忧无虑的，轻松愉快的 Play may look like a carefree and exuberant way to pass the time before the hard work of adulthood comes along, but theres much more to it than that. 57. carnival n. 表演会，狂欢节 Samba percussion workshop. Lift your spirits with the taste of carnival! 58. cast v.(cast) 投，掷，抛；浇铸，铸造 n. 演员阵容Thats where the furnace is and where all the metal was smelted and the tools were cast, as you will be able to see. It has impressive special effects and a strong, believable cast of characters who travel to the twenty-third century.59. catastrophe n. 大灾难，大灾祸 Catastrophes such as fire, flood, drought or epidemic may reduce population sizes to a small fraction of their average level.60. cater v. 提供饮食及服务；满足需要，迎合 Each day we offer three separate walks catering for all skills and fitness levels.61. cease v./n. 停止，结束 As mining ceases in one section of the open-cut, the disturbed area is reshaped.62. certify v. (尤指通过某种验证)证明 The accused has been certified to be insane.63. chaos n. 混乱，紊乱 There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling.64. character n.(事物的)性质，特性；性格；人物，角色 It has impressive special effects and a strong, believable cast of characters who travel to the twenty-third century.65. charter n. 宪章；特许状，执照；包租 v. 特许，发给特许执照 This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. 66. cherish v. 珍爱，爱护；怀有（希望等）情感 The old man cherished the boy as if she were his daughter.67. circle n. 圆，圆形物；循环；（有共同兴趣、利益的人组成的）圈子，派系 Today members of the firefly family can be found almost anywhere outside the Arctic and Antarctic circles. But of course that starts up a vicious circle.68. cite v. 引用 We asked students to cite reasons for and against these sites and there was remarkable agreement on all three.69. clarity n. 清晰，明晰 lack of clarity in the role of the focal person can cause insecurity, lack of confidence, irritation and even anger among members of his role set.70. clash v./n. 冲突，撞击 In the clash between environmentalists and developers, the Indians, whose presence is in fact crucial to the survival of the forest, have suffered the most.71. coarse a. 粗糙的 Australias native dung beetles are scrub and woodland dwellers, specializing in coarse marsupial droppings and avoiding the soft cattle dung in which bush flies and buffalo flies breed.72. coherent a. 一致的，协调的 The archaeologist has to develop a picture of the past, just as the scientist has to develop a coherent view of the natural world.73. collaboration n. 合作，协作；通敌 Much of the more recent collecting was carried out in the field, sometimes by Museum staff working on general anthropological projects in collaboration with a wide variety of national governments and other institutions74. combine v. 结合，联合 The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle.75. commence v. 开始，着手 Now before we commence our tour Id just like to tell you a little bit about the history of the museum.76. commit v. 犯（错误、罪行）；承诺 The government has committed itself to improving health education.77. compel v. 强迫，迫使 Yet a host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and, at the same time, compel workers to spend more time on the job.78. compensate v. 补偿，弥补 The study suggests that people who smoke cigarettes are continually damaging their cardiovascular system, which adapts, in order to compensate for the effects of smoking.79. complement n. 补充，补足物 it is more likely that individuals possessing the unique complement of genes for athletic performance can be identified early.80. complicated a. 复杂的，难解的 but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts.81. compromise v. 妥协，让步；危害，危及的安全 Lack of sheep, however, can compromise the immune system, muddle thinking, cause depression, promote anxiety and encourage irritability.82. conceive v. 构思，设想； 怀胎 At the least, these scientific advances may offer a way of screening parents who might be at risk of transmitting a tingle-gene defect to any children that they conceive.83. confine v. 限制，使局限 Its important ,though, not to confine yourself to reading on your subject.84. conscious a. 有意识的 Herschels was an active mind, deep inside he was conscious that music was not his destiny.84. conserve v. 保存，保护 We must conserve our forests and woodlands for future generations.86. contract v. 缩小，收缩；订约 n.合约 This causes the outer layer of the pane to contract and solidify before the interior.87. contribute v. 捐助；促成，有助于；是的部分原因 Only a few of the pupils(6%) mentioned that rainforest destruction may contribute to global warming. They are therefore less likely to contribute to the greenhouse effect.88. counterpart n. 对应的人（或物） New Zealand, Australia and parts of the United States had already enfranchised women and growing numbers of their British counterparts. 89. current a. 目前的，现在的 n. 流， 潮流 The current trend towards blurring these role signs in dress is probably democratic but it also makes some people very insecure.90. dawn v. 破晓；逐渐明白 n. 黎明，拂晓 The changes in awareness have been most marked in English-speaking countries, where the realization has gradually dawned that by no means everyone in the world knows English well enough to negotiate in it.91. decay v. 变坏，腐烂，衰退 Archaeological traces of far more elaborate cultures have been dismissed as the ruins of invaders from outside the region, abandoned to decay in the uncompromising tropical environment.92. decent a. 得体的，不错的 I have also bought myself decent second-hand clothes and shoes.93. decline v./n. 下降，减少； 谢绝 Across species, play tends to peak about halfway through the suckling stage and then decline.94. dedicate v. 奉献， 致力于 and museum, societies and dedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of this innovative material.95. degenerate v. 衰退，退化 Similarly, although at least some cetaceans have taste buds, the nerves serving these have degenerated or are rudimentary.96. degrade v. 降级，降低，恶化 For people interested in working to restore degrade natural forests, the North Coast College offers the Forest Regeneration course at Casino.97. deliberate a. 周密计划的，深思熟虑的；故意的 v. 考虑，研究 As the experiment unfolded, the pupil would deliberately give the wrong answers to questions posed by the teacher, thereby bringing on various electrical punishments98. delicate a. 柔软的， 娇嫩的， 细致的 This can be treated to produce about half a square meter of leathervery delicate, fine stuff of very good quality.99. demonstrate v. 示范，证明，论证 It demonstrates how advanced the suffragettes were in their thinking, in the marketing of their campaign and in their work as shrewd and skilful image-builder.100. denote v. 表示，是的标志 other uniforms denoted a hierarchychefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he supervised.101. depress v. 使沮丧，使消沉；使萧条 They become so depressed and lacking in energy that their work and social life are affected.102. despise v. 轻视，鄙视 it then fell from favor again during the 1950s, and was despised and destroyed in vast quantities.103. devise v. 设计，发明，策划 “In my view, Egypt must devise a way to have more water running through the river and the delta,” says Stanley.104. diffuse v. 传播，扩散 A drop of milk diffused in the water, and it became cloudy.105. diminish v. 减少，缩减，降低 The intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical inputs will diminish.106. distort v. 歪曲，扭曲 As Peter Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary College in Virginia, says: “I like to think of humor as the distorted mirror of the mind.”107. dominate v. 支配，占优势 Meanwhile, films themselves developed from being short “attractions” only a couple of minutes long, to the full-length feature that has dominated the worlds screens up to the present day.108. drag v. 拖，拽；缓慢而费力的行动 And outline the reasons why you think as you dobut try and keep it intrinsic to the company rather than dragging in other examples.109. drastic a. 激烈的，严厉的，极端的 Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about