形容词知识大全.doc

六形容词的比较级和最高级。形容词等级的构成形式（）规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er, -est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-esttall(高的)great(巨大的)tallergreatertallest greatest以不发音的e结尾的单并且时节和少数以le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st.nice(好的)large(大的)able(有能力的)nicerlargerablernicest largestablest以一个辅音字母结尾闭音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -estbig(容易的)hot（热的）biggerhotterbiggest hottest“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er, -esteasy(容易的)busy忙的easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节末尾加-er, -estclever(聪明的)narrow（窄的）cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级important(重要的)more importantmost importantbeautiful(漂亮的)more beautifulmost beautiful（）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)well(健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)ill(有病的)worseworstold（老的）olderelderoldesteldestmany much（多的）moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar(远的)fartherfurtherfarthestfurthest2.形容词比较级的用法（）形容词的比较级是用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比。更。一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比，为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。Tom is taller than I.汤姆个子比我高。Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中国其他任何城市都大。Xiao Hu is more outgoing than her sister.小胡比她的姐姐的更开朗。注意：有时状语从句可以省略。If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, there would have been more deaths.如果飓风发生在白天，死亡人数会更多。（）有时比较级前可以用many, much, far, even, a little, still, yet ,a bit ,a lot ,completely等表示程度的状语。An even bigger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco.旧金山周围地区还会发生更大的地震It is a far ,far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; It is a far ,far better rest that I go to than I have ever know.我所做的，是我做过的最好、最最好的事情；我所得到的，是我所知道的最安详、最最安详的休息。If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.如果农民能为自己种地，粮食产量就会高得多。It is much cheaper to post or email a long report than to fax it.通过邮寄或电子函件的方式 发一个长篇的报告比用传真便宜得多.注:many more与much moremany more只能修饰可数名词复数形式,如many more workers还有很多工人much more既可修饰不可数名词,也可构成比较级.如:much more money 还有很多,much more important更重要(3)如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的,我们就可以用”as+形容词+as”结构,形容词不用比较级而用原级.This lamp made the room as light as day.这盏灯使这间房间明亮如白昼.Jimmy is a as tall as his father 吉米跟他爸爸一样高.(4)在作否定的比较时,可以用not as.as.也可用no soas等,在现代英语中,两者都可使用.She is not as/so nice as her sister.她不如她姐姐好.My handwriting is not as / so good as his.我的书法不如他好.在这一结构中,有时也可以用just , almost ,nearly, half等表示程序的状语.The room is twice as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大.Our classroom is three times larger than yours.我们的教室比你们的教室大3倍.注:”asas”结构和”the sameas”结构一样.In area Australia is about the same size as the3 USA(without Alaska),which has more than thirteen times as many people.从面积上讲,澳大利亚大体上相当于美国(阿拉斯加除外),而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的13倍还多。（5）形容词比较级的特殊情况“too+原级”和“原级+for短语”也可以表示比较级。The coat is a bit too small for me.这件上衣太小了，我穿不合适。He is brave for his age.就他那样的年龄来说，他是勇敢的。用superior, inferior, senior, junior, prior, major, minor等表示比较级。He is three years senior to me.他比我大三岁。This computer is superior in many respects to that 。这台计算机在很多方面比那台要好。英语里的比较级有时并无具体的比较含义，这种比较级叫绝对比较级，例如：younger generation年轻一代higher education高等教育senior citizens老年人superior quality优质形容词（或副词）比较级的其他固定用法：a.表示“两者人/物之间，比较。的”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级+n.+of+the+名词或代词”结构。Bob is the taller boy of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。She is the older of the two girls.她是这两个女孩中年龄较大的一个。b.不与其他事物相比，表示本身程序的改变，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，译为“越来越.”The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我国变得越来越美丽。c.表示一方随另一方程度变化时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构The more you eat , the fatter you will be.胸越吃就会越胖。The more you study, the more you know.你学得越多，懂得越多。3。形容词最高级的用法（1）形容词最高级的前面通常要加定冠词the,后面跟一个短语或从句来表示比较的范围，但在一定的上下文中，表示“比较范围”的短语或从句可以省略。The best job is one which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject.最好的工作是这样的，它既运用你的做某事的技能，又是你兴趣之所在。（2）有时形容词最高级前可以有序数词心脏much ,by far, nearly, by no means, almost等。Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二个最大的国家。This is about the earliest computer ever manufactured in China.这大概是中国制造的是早的计算机了。Shanghai is by far the largest industrial city in China.上海是中国最大的工业城市。（3）在做表语的形容词最高级前，如果不是和别的人（物、事）相比较，可以不加定冠词。Fruits are best when they are fresh.水果新鲜的时候最好。The air pollution was most serious in this area.这个地区的空气污染最严重。（4）有时最高级形式后面可以不跟名词。Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.今天，亚伯拉罕。林肯仍然被认为是美国历届总统中最伟大的总统之一。This one is the fastest.这一个最快。1. -The cake looks _. -Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best2. The Changjiang River is the _ river in China.A. long B. longest C. short D. shortest3. He got _ when he heard the bad news.A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. happily4. Miss White is as _ as Miss Brown, but she looks much _ than Miss Brown.A. old; younger B. old; young C. older; young D. younger; old5. Everyone was _ when they heard the _ news.A. excited; excited B. exciting; exciting C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited6. His car is much _ than mine.A. expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. the most expensive7. Look at the man over there. _ he is!A. How tall B. how high C. What a tall8. -Have you ever seen Tom and Jerry? -Sure. It is one of _ cartoons I have ever seen.A. wonderful B. the most wonderful C. more wonderful D. the more wonderful9. -Do you like the two skirts? -The yellow one is good but the green one looks _.A. nicer B. nice C. best D. well10. -What _ news it was! -Yes, all of the children were _.A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting; exciting D. excited; exciting11. -Traveling by plane is _ is than traveling by train. -Yes, but it is not so _ as traveling by train.A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap12. -Germany will be _ popular with the visitors this year. -Why? -Because the 2006 World Cup Soccer _ there.A. more; is hold B. muc