采油专业现场英语.doc

对外合作采油作业技术劳物输出人员培训现场专业英语第一部分：Words and special terms地面工艺部分一、抽油机（pumping unit）1.电动机 motor2.滑轨 rack3.曲柄 crack4.平衡块 counterbalance5.尾平衡块 tail counterbalance6、连杆 pitman7、曲柄销 crack pin8、尾轴承 tail bearing9、中轴承 medium bearing10、减数箱 gear box11、齿轮 gear12、输入轴 import axis13、中间轴 medium axis14、输出轴 export axis15、盖板 cover plate 16、黄油嘴 grease chock17、弹子盘 ball bearing18、润滑油 grease oil19、机油 engine oil20、横梁 girder21、连杆销 pitman pin 22、游梁 pumping beam 23、驴头 horse head24、驴头销子 horse head pin 25、曲柄平衡 crack-balanced26、混合平衡 mixture-balanced27、游梁平衡 beam-balanced 28、毛辫子 cable29、毛辫子悬挂器 cable hanger30、悬绳器 (方卡子) grip31、皮带 belt32、皮带轮 pulley 33、卡瓦牙 sup dogs 34、卡瓦座 slip socket bowl35、支架 bracket 36、支架轴承 bracket bearing37、支架轴承盖 bracket bearing cap38、底座 bed (backing)39、刹车 brake 40、刹车杆 brake lever41、刹车片 brake lining42、光杆 polished rod 二、井口（well head）1、盘根 stuffing2、盘根盒 stuffing box3、盘根压帽 stuffing gland nut 4、锥形盘根 tapered stuffing5、井口 well head6、井口三通 three way of well head 7、井口上法兰 upper flange of well head 8、井口下法兰 down flange of well head9、井口大法兰螺丝 flange screw of well head10、螺帽 nut11、接箍 joint 12、堵头 tubing check13、管挂 tubing suspend 14、和尚头 tubing suspend of injection well 15、生产闸门 production valve16、回压闸门 back pressure valve17、闸门 valve 18、压力表 pressure gauge 19、压力表接头 pressure gauge joint20、短节 pup joint 21、由壬 hammer lug union 22、弯头 bend 23、管线 pipe line 24、低压阀门 low pressure valve25、中压阀门 medium pressure valve26、高压阀门 high pressure valve27、取样闸门 sampling valve 28、出油管线 pipe for oil flow out29、法兰 flange 30、法兰垫子 flange packing三、电路（electric circuit）1、电缆 electric cable (wire line) 2、三相电缆 three-phase cable 3、三相四芯电缆 three-phase four core cable4、电线 electric line5、断路 break circuit 6、短路 short circuit7、开关箱 switch box 8、保险丝 fuse9、变压器 transformer10、空气开关 air switch 11、灯泡 light 12、防爆灯 flame-proof light13、防爆开关 flame-proof switch14、火线 wire under voltage 15、零线 null line 16、功 work 17、功率 power18、千瓦小时 kilowatt hour 19、电压 voltage 20、电流 current 21、电阻 resistance22、电量 electric quantity 四、工具（tools）1、工具房 tool house 2、扳手 wrench 3、套筒扳手 socket wrench4、梅花扳手 plum blossom wrench5、起子（改锥） screw driver6、梅花起子 plum blossom screw driver7、榔头 hammer 8、管钳 pipe grip9、锯弓 saw 10、锯条 saw blade 11、游标卡尺 vernier caliper12、钢卷尺 steel tape13、皮尺 band tape 14、台虎钳 bench vice15、割刀 cutter16、撬杠 crowbar17、水平尺 level gauge18、锉刀 file 19、砂纸 sandpaper 20、粗砂纸 crude sandpaper21、细砂纸 thin sandpaper 22、笔 pen 23、电笔 electric pen24、纸 paper25、手套 glove 26、安全帽 safety cap27、保险带 safety belt 28、墨水 ink29、扫把 broom 30、铁锨 spade 31、黄油 grease 32、油桶 oil barrel33、汽油 gasoline 34、柴油 gas oil 35、机油 engine oil 36、棉纱 cotton37、消防器材 firefighting equipment38、灭火机 fire extinguisher39、消防锨 firefighting spade40、消防毛毡 firefighting blanket41、架子车 handcart42、胶布 adhesive plaster43、防火胶布 fireproof adhesive plaster44、密封胶带 seal adhesive tape45、石棉绳 asbestos rope46、钢丝绳 wire rope47、绳卡子 rope clamp48、计算机 computer49、计算器 calculator50、清蜡球 wax removal ball五、集输（collecting and transportation）1、值班房 doghouse2、办公桌 table3、椅子 chair 4、油气安全显示仪 safety indicate of gas oil5.单量记录仪 metering recorder6、收球筒 pipe for collect ball7、收球 collect ball8、气管线 gas pipe 9、油管线 oil pipe 10、水管线 water pipe 11、电加热器 electric heater12、液位显示仪 liquid level indicator13、原油净化 crude oil cleaning 14、单量齿轮泵 gear pump15、电磁阀 electromagnetic valve16、上液位 upper liquid level17、下液位 down liquid level18、产量 output19、产液量 produced liquid20、排量 outflow21、换热器 heat exchanger22、散热片 heat radiator 23、流量计 flow meter24、转子流量计 rotameter25、热水循环 heat water circulation 26、破乳剂 emulsion breaker 27、水表 water flow meter28、注水泵 water injection pump29、注水量 water injection rate30、总机关 valving 31、来油管线 pipe for oil come 32、出油管线 pipe for oil flow out33、混合管线 mixture pipe 34、单量管线 single meter pipe 35、单量来油 single meter oil36、混合来油 mixture oil 37、计量站 meter station38、注水站 injection station39、供水站 water supply station 40、拉油点 filling station41、装油 filling oil42、卸油 unload oil43、水套炉 jacket heater44、烟囱 chimney45、水位计 water level indicator 46、挡板 baffle47、上水阀门 water come valve 48、上水管线 water come line 49、排污管线 pipe for drain dirt50、燃烧 burn 51、人孔 manhole 52、火苗 flame53、缓冲罐 cushion tank54、事故罐 accident tank 55、安全阀 safety valve 56、呼吸阀 breathing valve57、溢流沉降罐 overflow tank58、可控水箱 controlled water box59、出水口 water exit 60、出油口 oil exit61、纯油 pure oil 62、外输泵 transportation pump 63、离心泵 centrifugal pump 64、往复泵 reciprocating pump65、柱塞泵 ram pump 66、乳化层 emulsion layer67、乳化油 emulsion oil68、油水界面 oil-water surface69、油气密封集输 seal collect and transport for gas-oil70、外输含水 water-containing of transportation72、外输温度、排量、压力 transportation temperature、outflow and pressure73、外输总液量 amount of transportation liquid油田开发部分一、油田开发（development of oil filed）探井 prospect well生产井 producing well 注水井 water injection well 观察井 observing well调整井 adjusting well油田开发 development of oil filed开发方式 development form油补距 distance from tubing to bushing 套补距 distance from casing to bushing 完井 well completion射孔 perforating压裂 fracturing 酸化 acidizing 修井 work-over原始地层压力 original reservoir pressure静止压力 static pressure 流动压力 flowing pressure 饱和压力 saturation pressure油压 tubing pressure 套压 casing pressure 目前地层压力 current formation pressure 回压 back pressure生产压差 producing pressure drop注水压差 injection pressure drop油层驱动方式 drive types of reservoir 注水 water injection边部注水 marginal injection面积注水 area injection 早期注水 early injection 晚期注水 later injection注水开发 water injection development 采收率 oil recovery factor 采油速度 oil recovery rate采出程度 production level（degree）采油指数 productivity index 注采比 production/injection ration 注采平衡 voidage balance含水原油 water cut oil含水率 water cut油气比 gas/oil ration 注水程度 water injection level（degree） 吸水指数 water absorbing index地下亏空 subsurface voided累积注水量 cumulative injection压力平衡 pressure balance 主力油层 main formation 油层改造 reservoir stimulation 试井 well testing 井间干扰 well interference 压力恢复曲线 build-up curve 井下压力计 subsurface pressure gauge井下流量计 subsurface flow meter 生产能力 productivity 单井产量 well yield累积产液量 cumulative liquid production折合日产液 liquid production per day 日产油 oil production per day 日产水 water production per day 生产气油比 produced gas/oil ratio井下取样器 subsurface sampler 二、抽油井（pumping well）抽油井 pumping well表层套管 surface pipe 油层套管（套管） casing机械采油 mechanical recovery抽油机 pumping unit 抽油杆 sucker rod 抽油泵（深井泵） subsurface pump (bottom-hole pump)管式泵 tubing pump杆式泵 rod pump 砂锚 sand anchor 气锚 gas anchor活塞 plunger 堵头 tubing check 尾管 liner音标 sound mark 静液面 static liquid level 动液面 working level 沉没度 submergence depth泵效 pump efficiency 示功图 load-position diagram 冲程 stroke 冲数（次） pump speed憋压 pressure-out 泵径 pump diameter防冲距 collision avoidance distance 动力仪 dynamometer回声仪 echo instrument气锁 gas lock 供液不足 lack of supply liquid 卡泵 pump stick 砂卡 sand stick 蜡卡 wax stick 凡尔漏失 valve leak抽油杆断脱 sucker rod break 油管漏失 tubing leak 活塞脱出工作筒 plunger come out from work barrel 固定凡尔漏 standing valve leak游动凡尔漏 traveling valve leak气体影响 gas interference 振动载荷 vibration load 驴头负荷 horse head load三、自喷井（natural flowing well）采油树 production tree （charismas tree） 油嘴 choke 计量分离器 metering separator 水套加热炉 jacket heater安全凡尔 safety valve量油 metering oil 测气 measuring gas 清蜡 wax removal机械清蜡 wax removal of machinery 刮蜡片 wax scraper 清蜡绞车 winch for wax removal清蜡钢丝 wire rope for wax removal 热洗清蜡 wax removal of worm wash防蜡 wax prevent 扫线 clean-out the pipe 封隔器 packer 四、注水井（injection well）水源 water supply水处理 water treatment污水回注 wastewater re-injection注水站 water injection station注水泵 water- injection pump配水间 water allocation house分水器 water allocation equipment供水泵 water transfer pump注水管汇 injection pipes污水处理 wastewater treatment空气压缩机 air compressor配电柜 panel配电室 panel house阀组间 valving缓冲器 cushion container 原水罐 prime water tank试注 testing water injection转注 turn to injection正注 positive injection反注 negative injection合注 merge injection洗井 clean-out of well正洗 positive clean-out 反洗 reserve clean-out 放压 release pressure泵压 pump pressure注水压力 injection pressure油压 tubing pressure套压 casing pressure测井闸阀 testing sluice valve油管闸阀 tubing sluice valve套管 casing闸阀 sluice注入量 injection volume 石油地质部分一、石油地质（oil geologic）石油 petroleum 天然气 natural gas 胶质 colloid 沥青质 bitumen 石蜡 wax or paraffin 油气显示 oil-gas indication 油气田 oil-gas field油田 oil field 生油层 petroleum source bed 储油层 reservoir rock 绝对孔隙度 absolute porosity 有效孔隙度 active porosity含油饱和度 oil saturation 渗透率 permeability 绝对渗透率 absolute permeability相对渗透率 relative permeability达西 Darcy 含油层 petroleum-bearing formation工业油藏 payable reservoir 地质储量 geologic reserves 可采储量 recoverable oil二、石油的物性（properties of petroleum）饱和压力 saturation pressure原油溶解气油比 dissolved gas-oil ratio 原油密度 oil density 相对密度 relative density 原油粘度 oil viscosity原油凝固点 oil solidifying point 原油体积系数 oil volume factor 原油收缩率 oil contraction 原油压缩系数 oil compressibility factor溶解系数 dissolution factor修井（井下作业部分）（well work-over）井下作业 bore-hole operation压井作业 kill job 压井液 kill fluid 灌注法压井 potting kill method 循环法压井 circulation kill 反循环法压井 reverse circulation kill method正循环法压井 positive circulation kill method挤注法压井 squeeze kill method不压井作业 pressure balance work压裂 fracturing 酸化 acidizing 酸洗 acid wash酸浸 acid immerse 压裂液 fracturing fluid 支撑剂 proppant封隔器找串 packer look for channeling 同位素找串 isotope look for channeling 探砂面 survey sand level 冲砂 sand washing防砂 proof sand试油 testing oil 气举诱喷 gas lift flow 射孔 perforation 补孔 perforations adding检泵 pump checking 碰泵 collide pump 打捞 fishing 公锥 pin taps 母锥 die collar油管打捞矛 tubing spear 抽油杆打捞矛 sucker rod spear卡瓦打捞筒 slip-socket 磁铁打捞器 fishing magnet一把抓 catchall外铣鞋 outside milling shoe内铣鞋 inside milling shoe盐酸 hydrochloric acid硫酸 sulphuric acid 硝酸(nitric acid)表面活性剂 surface active agent(surfactant) 增粘剂 gelling material泡沫剂 foam material第二部分 采油工专业用语 (Special English for oil production)（1）抽油井开井操作。Operation of open up pumping well.1开总机关集油管线阀门。Open the collecting pipe valve.2检查加热炉是否完好，点火条件是否具备。Check heater for proper，lighting condition for ready.3检查井口手轮是否齐全，压力是否完善。Check the hand wheel of well head for all exist，check pressure for normal.4关井口放空闸门。Close drop out valve of well head.5开回压闸门。Open the back pressure valve.6开生产闸门。Open the production valve.7检查抽油机是否正常。Check pumping unit for normal.8检查抽油机四周有无障碍物。Check pumping unit around for barrier.9合上闸刀。Switch on.10松开刹车。Loosen the brake.11按启动电钮。Press the starting button.12听有无异常声音或异常现象。Listen for abnormal voice，look for abnormal phenomenon.13填写报表，记录开井时压力、时间。Fill in report，record open up pressure and time.（2） 抽油井关井操作。Operation of close in.1停炉，灭火，把火嘴拿出炉膛。Stop heater，put out fire，remove the choke from fire box.2按停止按钮，刹紧刹车。根据油井情况，让驴头停在适当的位置。Press stop button，put on brake，depending on well condition，stop the horse head on proper position.3一般井将曲柄停在右上方45度位置。General，stop the crack on upper-right 45position.4出砂严重井：驴头停在上死点。For the well which produce sand serious，stopping the horse head on top dead center.5高油气或结蜡严重，稠油井驴头停在下死点。Well of high gas/oil ratio，serious wax or viscosity oil，stop the horse Head on bottom dead center.6关井口生产闸门。Close producing valve of well head.7关井口回压闸门。 Close back pressure valve of well head.8打开放空闸门，放尽余油。Open drop out valve，9关紧总机关上、下流闸门。Close front and back valve of valving.10填写报表，记录关井时间，压力，并注明关井原因。Fill in report，record close in time and pressure，notes the reason。（3） 抽油机调冲次操作。Operation of adjusting pumping speed.1.准备好所需的皮带轮。Prepare for the required pulley.2.将抽油机停稳。Stop pumping unit steady.3.松电机固定螺丝。Loosen the fixing screw of motor.4.取下皮带。Remove the belt.5.将扒轮器放在皮带轮中心(孔)。Put stripper in the pulley hole.6.丝杆向右旋转。Turn the pole to right.7.将皮带轮取下（卸下）。Remove the pulley.8.测量电动轴，新皮带轮的孔径。Measure the diameters of motor axis and new pulley hole.9.清洗电机轴和新皮带的孔径，涂上黄油。Cleaning the motor axis and new hole, paint on grease.10.装皮带轮。Install pulley.11.一人手握铜棒，另一人用铁锤打进。One person holes a copper rod, the other beat it in with a hammer.12.装皮带时先大轮后小轮。When install belt, put it on the big pulley first, then the little one.13.检查皮带松紧合适程度。Check belt tightness for proper.14.调四点一线。Adjust four point in line.15.固定电机。Fixing motor.16.启动试抽，观察运转情况。Starting for testing pump, observe the operation.17皮带轮的直径及调换的时间做记录。Check brake for operate freely, check brake pin for perfect.(4)抽油机调冲程操作。Operation of adjust stroke.1.检查刹车，是否灵活，刹车销是否完好。Check brake for operate freely, check brake pin for perfect.2.按停止电钮，刹紧刹车。Press stop button, put on brake.3.光杆卡子座在盘根盒上卡紧光杆，卸掉负荷。Set grip on stuffing box, clamp the polished rod, remove the load.4.用手钳拨掉开口销子。Pull out open pin with vice.5.用套筒扳手卸掉冕形螺帽。Remove the nut with socket wrench.6.用撬杆把曲柄销子撬出或用铜棒、铁锤敲出，使两个曲柄销子脱出曲柄孔。Prize the two crack pit out with crowbar, or beat it out with copper rod and hammer.7. 将衬套装入已清洗干净的，选定的冲程孔内。Install liner in clean and selected stroke hole.8.一人控制刹车其他人用专用工具盘动皮带轮要缓慢松动刹车，此处要特别注意安全，防止游梁下滑，造成人身事故。One person control brake, the others twirl the pulley with special tools, Loose brake slowly ,pay attention to safety, prevent the walking beam slide down and leads to personal injure.9.冲程由小调大，松动刹车。由大调小可盘皮带轮，使销子对准孔中心，双手推进孔内。Make the pin straight to center of the hole, push it into the hole with hands.10.放好压紧垫圈。Put on seal ring.11.用套筒扳手上紧冕形螺母。Tighten nut with socket wrench.12.上好开口销子。Tighten open pin. 13. 松刹车，按起动电钮，起抽检查调整部位。Loosen brake, press starting button, start pumping unit, check the adjusting part.14. 要求无碰撞声、无杂音、运转正常为宜。Require there is no impact voice, the operation is proper.15. 填写报表。Fill in report.(5)抽油机调防冲距操作。Operation of adjusting collision avoidance distance.1.停机，切断电源。调大防冲距时，驴头停在中间适当位置，调小防冲距时，驴头停在接近下死点。Stop pumping unit. Switch off electric power supply. If increase the collision avoidance distance, stop the horse head on medium position, otherwise, stop the horse head near the bottom dead center.2.用光杆卡子卡好光杆后，平稳的坐在盘根盒上。Clamp polished rod with grip, then set it on the stuffing box steady.3.卸掉负荷，用手摇动光杆有无下滑现象。Remove load, shaking polished rod with hand for slide down.4.根据预定位置。在光杆上量好距离，画出记号，再松动光杆卡子。Depending on the predicted position, measure the length, make a sign the loosen the polished rod grip.5.将卡子移到记号处。Move the grip to the marked position.6.缓慢松开刹车，使驴头平稳的吃上负荷。Loosen the brake slowly, make the load on the horse head.7.刹紧刹车。Put on brake.8.松光杆下卡子，用锉刀、砂纸打掉光杆毛刺。Loosen the polished rod grip which on the bottom, then polish the burr with file and sand paper.9.检查抽油机周围有无障碍物，起动抽油机。Check pumping unit around for barrier, starting it.10.观察试油情况，有无碰泵现象，必要时，再进行调校。Observe the producing for collide pump, if necessary, adjusting it again. 11.清理工具用具。Clean all the tools.12.填写报表，记录防冲距调校数据。Fill in report, record the date of adjusting collision avoidance distance .(6)抽油机更换曲柄销子操作。Operation of changing pumping unit crack pin. 1.停机、曲柄停在朝井口方向4546度的位置，刹紧刹车、切断电源。Stop pumping unit, make the crack stop to the well head 45-46, put on brake.2.光杆卡子座在盘根盒上，卡紧。Set the polished rod grip on stuffing box, clamp the polished rod.3.盘皮带，卸负荷（使悬绳器略松即可）。Twirl belt, remove the load.4.卸开连杆与曲柄销子轴承座的连接螺丝。Remove the coupling screw which connect the pitman and bearing seat.5.用手钳子拨掉开口销子。Pull out open pin with vice.6.用套筒扳手卸掉冕形螺母。Remove the nut with socket wrench.7.用铁锤将曲柄销子从曲柄孔打出。Beat the crack pin out of crack hole with hammer.8.将曲柄销子洗干净，并检查其完好程度。Cleaning the crack pin, check it for proper.9.卸轴承孔盖制动垫圈和圆螺母。Remove the brake ring and round nut of bearing hole.10.将旧曲柄销子从轴承打出。Beat out the old crack pin from bearing.11.装上新销子，上紧螺