条件壮语从句语法讲解和习题巩固(附答案).doc

If you go to the party, youll have a great time! 语法讲解和习题巩固（附答案)条件状语从句条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的条件，在初中阶段常由if(如果)和unless引导，表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。例如：Please call me if he is at home.假如他在家的话，请给我打电话。：一、if条件句if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。构成条件从句主句时态If一般现在时主语shall/will+动词原形例句If he comes,he will take us to the zoo.用法：(一)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”，主句不能用be going to表示将来，而应该用shall，will。 If you leave now, you are never going to remember it. (错误) If you leave now, you will never remember it. (正确)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，如： If it rains tomorrow, I wont climb the hills.另外，主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句也用一般现在时。如：Please call me if he comes next Sunday. Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble.注意 宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if的意思是“是否”，相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况选用任何时态，通常情况下，如果主句用一般过去时，从句必须用过去式的某种形式。例如：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。Our teacher said there was going to be a football match the next month.我们说下月将有场足球比赛。(二)unless引导的条件句，表示强烈的否定。翻译为“除非”。“非不可。” I wont go unless he asks me . 他不来请我我就不去。 You will fail unless you work harder . 你不努力就会失败的。 Dont come unless I call you . 我不叫你就别来 。（注意） unless 从句里的谓语只能是肯定式 ，因为本身unless表示否定。 误 : Unless you do not work ,you will fail . 正 ：Unless you work hard ,you will fail . 正 ：If you dont work hard ,you will fail .注意： 在学习条件状语从句时，同学们要注意以下几点：（1）、时态如果主句是一般将来时态，这时从句不可以用将来时态，而要用一般现在时。例如：I wont go there with you if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨的话，我就不和你一起去那儿了。（2）、主从句的位置大多数情况下，从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时，主从句之间必须用逗号隔开。例如：Please tell me if he comes back.= If he comes back, please tell me.如果他回来了，请告诉我一声。（3）、if的两面性if引导条件状语从句时意为“如果”，如果引导宾语从句则意为“是否”。请比较：1) We will go out if it is fine tomorrow. 2) I dont know if the train has arrived.句1)中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，整个句子的意思是“如果明天天气好，我们就出去”。句2)中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词dont know的宾语，整个句子的意思是“我不知道火车是否到了”。Ill write to your parents if youre late again.如果你再迟到,我就给你父母写信。(之后）Unless you have already spoken to her,I will be very angry.除非你已经对她说过了,否则我会很生气。（之前）（3)在条件状语从句中的从句和主句如果主语相同，有时它可以替代从句和主句，它就是“祈使句+and / or+简单句”。其中and表示句意顺承；or则表示转折，意为“否则”。例如：If you work harder, youll pass the exam.= Work harder, and youll pass the exam.如果你再努力些，你就会通过考试。If you dont hurry up, youll miss the train.= Hurry up, or youll miss the train.如果你不快点儿，你就赶不上火车了。.单项选择1.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes.3. I dont know if he _ tomorrowIf he _，Ill tell youAwill come；comes Bcomes；comes Ccomes；will Dis coming；is coming4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A. for B. to C. on D. with5.I _ her the answer if she _me.A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks6. What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _.A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain7.Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?-Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit?A. go B. went C.going D. will go9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat.A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too10. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has12. Could you tell us where _？A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held13. When my mother returned last night, I _ a book. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. am going to read14.What _ you _ when it began to rain?A. do, do B. were, doing C. are, doing D. did, do15. Ill wake you up when he _back.A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come 16.If it _ sunny tomorrow, I _ boating. A. is go B. will be, go C. is, will go D. will be, will go17.-what will you do if it _ tomorrow, -Ill stay at home and watch TV. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 18. Ill go to meet you，if I _ free then. A. would be B. will be C. am D. was19.Work hard if you _ to get good grades.A. wanted B. wanting C. want D. will want20.I want to know if you _ to the party tomorrow. -I will if I free.A. will come; am B. come; am C. will come; will be D. come; will beII. 同义句转换1. Run fast, or youll be late for school. _ you _ _ fast, youll be late for school.2. You can buy the dictionary if you take enough money with you. Take enough money with you, _ _ _ buy the dictionary.3. If there is no air, none of us can live. None of us can live _ _.4. Work harder,or you will fail in the exam. you work harder, you will fail in the exam.5. Unless you take more care, youll have an accident. you take more care, youll have an accident. .用所给词的适当形式填空1.If she _ (finish ) work early ,she _(go) home.2.If the weather_（be）fine，we_(go)for a walk .3. If I_(have) time tonight ,I _(finish) the book Im reading.4. If It _(rain) next weekend , we_(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .5. If it_(rain),we_(stay) at home .6.If she_(arrive) ,she _(phone) me .7. If he_(call),tell him Ill ring back .8. Unless you_(work) harder ,you_(not)pass the the exams .9. He _(not speak ) to you unless you_(speak) to him first .10.I dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow .If it _(rain) , we _(not go )to school.1-5 CDAAD 6-10 DAACB 11-15 CBCBC 16-20CBCCAII. 同义句转换 1. Run fast, or youll be late for school. If you dont run fast, youll be late for s