虚拟语气专项训练(基础练习)(含答案解析).doc

虚拟语气专项训练（基础练习）副标题题号IIIIIIIVVVI总分得分一、句型转换（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）1. 同义句改写 （1）Its a pity that I cant be with you in the next three months How I wish I _ _ with you in the next three months（2）You are badly ill because you didnt see the doctorIf you _ _the doctor，you would not be badly ill（3）It is wet outsideSo we dont allow the children to play in the garden If it _ _wet outside，we would allow the children to play in the garden（4）I didnt take his advice，and now I regret a lot_ _ I _ _ his advice（5）He made many mistakes and he didnt pass the testIf he _ _ many mistakes he _ _the test（6）If it were not for the rain the crops would die The crops would die _ _ _（7）If they hadnt offered us potatoes，we would have died of hunger_ _the potatoes they offered，we would have died of hunger（8）How I wish it were Sunday today_ _ it were Sunday today（9）If Tom had come，we would have caught the thief_ Tom _，we would have caught the thief2. Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.If _ _ _UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.3. We dont go out very often because we cant afford it. If we_ it, we_ very often.4. The time is not ripe. Id rather you. _ (not, say) anything about it for the time being.二、完成句子（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）5. 你很可能睡不了什么觉，如果你住在庆祝婚礼现场附近。 You probably _ get much sleep if you lived near _ a wedding reception was being held6. Well, if _, Id go on an around-the world tour.7. 完成句子 （1）He talks as if he _.他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 （2）The girl listened as if she _ to stone.那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，好像已经变成了石头似的。8. （1） If I _ (be) you, I would go there with him. （2）If I had worked hard in the school, I _ (be) a college student now.（3）_ he _ (follow) your advice, he would have passed the examinations.（4）If you _ (not come) here tomorrow, we would cancel the meeting.（5）He is busy now. If he _ (be) free, he _ (go) with you.（6）_ it _ (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.（7）We _ (have) a meeting next Thursday if there _ (be) no other arrangements.（8） Im sorry Im busy now. If I _ (have) time, I _ (come) to see you.（9）If I _ (take) your advice, I _ (not make) such a mistake.（10）We didnt know his telephone number. If we _ (know) it, we _ (invite) him.9. If Tazieff were alive, using modern technique, he _more beautiful photos about active volcanoes. （take） 如果Tazieff还活着的话，利用现代技术，他会拍出更多关于活火山的漂亮照片。三、单选题（本大题共22小题，共22.0分）10. There is a good social life in the village， and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved（）A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had11. He couldnt have listened carefully in the class. Otherwise, he _ the test so hard now.A. didnt feelB. hadnt feelC. wouldnt feelD. wouldnt have felt12. _.every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently.A. WereB. ShouldC. MayD. Had13. If there _ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is14. If somebody from 1973 _ a dormitory message board now, he would not understand what_ on it since slang expressions have changed a lot.A. looked at; isB. had looked at; wasC. looks at; should beD. has looked at; was to be15. The two boys look as if they _twins,for they look so much like each other.A. wereB. areC. had beenD. has been16. Without the Internet, these people who are disabled and must stay in their homes _ fewer avenues to meet people.A. haveB. must haveC. would haveD. can have17. If I _ you, I _ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took18. _I ended our friendship, we _ have both learnt nothing.A. Have; wouldB. Had; mustC. Have, mustD. Had; would19. If I _ you, I _ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took20. Without the new paints and the new technique, we _see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.A. will not be able to B. were not be able to C. would not be able to D. are not be able to 21. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling22. Mary is not willing to go abroad because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt see her parents very often.A. livesB. is to liveC. would liveD. were to live23. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups _ nothing.A. would have meantB. would meanC. must have meantD. must mean24. I owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I _ today.A. amB. wasC. would have beenD. would be25. The gap between the rich and the poor makes it essential that the government _ a dynamic solution to the problem.A. must adoptB. adoptC. can adoptD. adopts26. But for the fact thatChinaalso affected by the global financial crisis, we fewer unemployed workers now.A. is; would haveB. were; would haveC. was; would have hadD. were; would have had27. If you _ in love with literature at first, you _ a famous writer now.A. didnt fall, cant beB. should fall, couldnt have beenC. hadnt fall, shouldnt beD. hadnt fall, couldnt be28. I have great difficulty working out this problem._ to me, you _ less difficulty with such problems.A. If you had listened; would have hadB. If you listened; would haveC. Had you listened; would haveD. If you listen; will have29. Mr. Black insisted that he hadnt done anything wrong and that he _ respected by his colleagues.A. isB. wasC. beD. had been30. There is some possibility that the patient could make a full recovery, _ a certain cure for the disease.A. there should beB. was thereC. there wasD. should there be31. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects _ to use them wisely and flexibly.A. if the students have failedB. if the students failC. had the students failedD. should the students fail四、单句语法填空（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）32. If I _(be) you, I would apologize immediately.33. If you _(be)with me right now, we would be chatting over a coffee.34. If you had listened to my advice just now, you _(be) better now.35. People say that the art exhibition is worth seeing. I wish I _ (can) go with you butIm too busy these days.36. You dont have to be in a such hurry, I would rather you _ on business first. (go)五、单句改错（本大题共3小题，共6.0分）37. Either the workers or the boss usually like eating in this restaurant for lunch.38. 句子改错 (1)If I am you, I would build a small wooden house in the village. _(2)Can you sing any songs, neither in Chinese or in English._(3) Because of the pollution, the villagers are running out the drinking water._(4)In order to strength the protection for the deserts, they formed a special team._(5)A little boy was struggling in the river, crying for help desperate._.39. IfIwereamillionaire，Iwilltravelaroundtheworld_六、句子翻译（本大题共2小题，共4.0分）40. 事实上，如果我们现在听到古英语，我们也理解不了。 _41. 如果你住在一个地方，附近正在举行一场婚姻宴会，你可能不会有太好的睡眠。 (虚拟语气)答案和解析1.【答案】（1）could be（2）had seen（3）were not（4）If only；had taken（5）hadnt made；would have passed（6）without the rain（7）But for（8）If only（9）Had；come【解析】（1）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，填入的是wish后的宾语从句，通常用虚拟语气，有三种情况：1.现在的愿望，从句用过去时；2.过去的愿望，从句用过去完成时，通常是与过去相反的假设；3.将来的愿望，从句用would/could/should/might加动词原形。由句意知道，这里是将来的愿望，上文是cant，故填could be。（2）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是时间错综条件句。主句和现在事实相反，从句和过去事实相反，谓语动词要用had done。故填had seen。（3）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是if引导的非真实性条件状语从句，和现在事实相反，所以从句谓语部分的be动词用were，故填were not。（4）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，要用if only来引导从句；If only常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。表达形式：表示与将来情况不同：if only从句主语would(could, might)+动词原形；表示与现在情况不同：if only从句主语动词过去式；表达与过去情况不同：if only从句主语would/could have/had过去分词。由句意知道，本句是和过去事实相反，故填If only；had taken。（5）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是if引导的非真实性条件状语从句，和过去事实相反，从句谓语部分要用had done，主句要用would/could/should/might+have+done，故填hadnt made；would have passed。（6）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里使用介词without引导的介词短语表示一个暗含的非真实条件状语。without, otherwise, but for, but引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，通过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中，虚拟语气的用法一般是：对现在的虚拟：would+do；对过去的虚拟：would(not) + have done。本句主句谓语部分是would die，符合条件，再由三个空格可知，故填without the rain。（7）由上一句和本句空格部分可知，填入的是but for，意为“要不是”。注意：该单词位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But for。（8）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，If only常常用来表示强烈的愿望，用于虚拟语句时和wish类似，再由本句两个空格可知，故填If only。（9）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是省略了if的非真实性条件状语从句，和过去事实相反，所以提前had。注意：该单词位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Had；come。2.【答案】there were no【解析】根据句意可知，如果没有联合国的慈善大使，做这件事情的人将不会被鼓励。这是明显的与现在事实相反的假设。if从句中应使用动词的过去式。动词是be时通用were。there be结构表示存在有。故填there were no。3.【答案】couldafford; wouldgo out【解析】原句句意：我们不经常出去，因为我们支付不起。改写为If条件句虚拟语气“如果我们能支付的起的话，我们就会经常出去。”。由原句谓语动词dont go可知时态为一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句为If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)，主句为主语+should/would/might/could+do。故填couldafford; wouldgo out。4.【答案】didnt say【解析】句意：时机还不成熟。我宁愿你现在什么都没有说。此句考查would rather之后的宾语从句，常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：与过去事实相反采用had+done；与现在事实相反是采用一般过去时(be用were )；与将来事实相反时采用一般过去时(be 用were )。根据时间状语for the time being（目前）可以判断出与现在事实相反。故填didnt say。5.【答案】wouldnt；where【解析】由句子结构知道，本句是if引导的非真实性条件状语从句，和现在事实相反，所以主句要用wouldnt；第二空是near后的宾语从句，根据句意可知用连词where引导宾语从句。故填wouldnt；where。6.【答案】they invented virtual reality holidays【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，通过语境可知，这里是表示对现在情况虚拟，if引导的从句谓语动词用一般过去时，故填they invented virtual reality holidays。7.【答案】（1）knew where she was （2）had been turned【解析】1.as if，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气，和现在事实相反，用一般过去时。where she was，是宾语从句，用陈述句语序。故填knew where she was。2.as if，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气。和过去事实相反，用过去完成时。she与turn是被动关系，用被动语态。故填had been turned。8.【答案】（1）were（2） would be（3）Had; followed（4）should not come/ didnt come/were not to come（5）were; would go（6）Were; to rain/Should; rain（7）would have; were/should be（8）had; would come（9）had taken; would not have made（10）had known; would have invited【解析】（1）句意：要是我是你的话，我就和他一起去那儿了。在if引导的非真实虚拟条件句中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（ be动词一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填were。（2）句意：如果我当初在学校努力学习的话，我现在就是一名大学生了。这是一个错综虚拟条件句，从句是对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应该用过去完成时had done，主句是对现在的虚拟，用would/could/should/might+do。故填would be。（3）句意：要是他听了你的建议，他就通过那次考试了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。当从句中含有had/should/were时，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填Had; followed。（4）句意：如果你明天不来这儿的话，我们就取消这次会议。此处是对将来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。当从句中含有had/should/were时，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填should not come/didnt come/were not to come。（5）句意：他现在很忙。如果他有空的话，它就和你一起去了。此处是对现在的虚拟，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（ be动词一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填were; would go。（6）句意：要是明天下雨的话，这场比赛将会被取消。此处是对将来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。当从句中含有had/should/were时，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填Were; to rain或Should; rain。（7）句意：如果没有其他安排的话，我们下周四将开一次会。此处是对将来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。当从句中含有had/should/were时，if可以省略，把had/should/were提前置于句首。故填would have; were/should be。（8）句意：对不起，我现在很忙。如果我有时间的话，我就去看你。与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（ be动词一律用were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填had; would come。（9）句意：如果我采纳了你的建议，我就不会犯这样一个错误了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。故填had taken; would not have made。（10）句意：我们不知道他的电话号码。如果我们知道的话，早就邀请他了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。故填had known; would have invited。9.【答案】would take【解析】由句意可知，本句表示的是与现在事实相反的假设。根据虚拟语气的相关知识，主句中应用“would+do”形式，故填would take。10.【答案】A【解析】句意：村里有一个很好的社交生活，我希望我有第二次机会更多地参与其中。wish后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语+wish（that）+从句主语+动词一般过去式，根据前一句中使用了一般现在时可知，wish从句中表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句应该使用一般过去时。故选A。11.【答案】C【解析】句意：他在上课时没有认真听讲，不然的话，他现在不会感觉考试那么难。本题语境是错综时间虚拟条件句，根据otherwise之后的时间状语now提示可知，本空与现在事实相反，用情态动词+动词原形结构，故选C。12.【答案】A【解析】句意:“如果每一个学生意识到学习的重要性，他们就会有效的学习。”此题表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，省略if, be aware of中be动词提到主语前用倒装。在虚拟语气中，be动词用were。故选A。13.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果没有现代通讯工具，我们不得不要等好几个周末才能得知天下事。对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用一般过去时，be动词用were，主句用 would/should/might/could +动词原形。故选C。14.【答案】A【解析】句意：如果现在有1973年的人看到宿舍的留言板，他就不明白上面写的是什么，因为俚语的表达已经发生了很大的变化。由句子结构可知，设空处第一空考查的是if条件句的虚拟语气；由时间词now可知，设空处表示与现在事实相反的if条件句的虚拟语气，此时if条件句的谓语动词需用其一般过去时，所以第一空需用looked at；再结合句子结构和前后文可知，第二空表示的是现在的情况，所以what后be动词需用is。故选A。15.【答案】A【解析】句意：那两个男孩看起来像双胞胎，因为他们长得很像。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if从句用虚拟语气。从句表示与现在事实相反，所以谓语动词用一般过去时。故选A。16.【答案】C【解析】略17.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我就会采取她的建议。根据语境，此处为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用一般过去时（be动词用were），主句用主语+would/could/might/should+do的形式，故选C。18.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果我结束了友谊，我们都不会学到任何东西。本题考查虚拟语气，第一空用had done，将had提前大写；第二空表示过去将来的动作，用would，故选D。19.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我会采取她的建议。考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，条件从句系动词用were，主句谓语动词为would+动词原形。故选C。20.【答案】C【解析】句意：如果没有新的颜料和新技术，我们将无法看到许多这个时期著名的伟大的杰作。本句用到了without引导的含蓄条件句，表示对过去情况的虚拟；主句表示对现在情况的虚拟，所以应用主语+would/should/could/might do。故选C。21.【答案】A【解析】句意：太阳从东边升起，从西边落下，看起来好像太阳绕着地球转。as if后接从句，从句中用虚拟语气，对现在事实进行虚拟，用过去进行时，be动词用were。故选A。22.【答案】D【解析】略23.【答案】B【解析】句意：当生活变得艰难而你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生命总是起起伏伏，如果未曾走过下坡路，那上坡路就毫无意义。分析句子结构可知，此处是由without引出的含蓄虚拟句，without the downs相当于虚拟条件句；根据上下文语境可知，是对现在情况的虚拟，所以空格处应用虚拟的主句形式would+do。故选B。24.【答案】D【解析】句意：我把我现在的成功归功于我童年时最好的朋友David，没有他，我不知道我现在会是什么样子的。考查与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词用would + 动词原形。故选D。25.【答案】B【解析】句意：贫富差距使得政府必须采取一种动态的方法来解决这个问题。根据句意，结合虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用，应填入（should）adopt 才能是句子语法成立，结合选项，只有B选项符合要求，故选B。26.【答案】A【解析】这里考查的是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，其条件隐含在But for短语里面，而该短语里that后是一个同位语从句，指的现在的情况，因此用一般现在时；而后面部分是主句，表示与现在的情况相反，因此用虚拟语气（would / should / could / might +动词原形）。句意：要不是中国也受全球经济危机的影响，我们现在失业（未就业）的工人就会更少了。故选A。27.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果你一开始没有爱上文学，你现在就不可能是一个著名的作家。考查条件从句中是与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句与现在事实相反虚拟的谓语动词。与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had + v-ed；与现在事实相反，谓语用could/should + 动词原形。故选D。28.【答案】C【解析】句意：我很难解决这个问题。如果你早听我的话，你在处理这些问题时就不会那么困难了。根据语境推断，前半句的从句描述与过去事实相反的条件，与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中用过去完成时，因此选项AC符合条件；后面主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，该用would+动词原形，所以整个句子是混合型的虚拟语气，因此再排除A；另外从句中had置于句首时，省略if，故选C。29.【答案】C【解析】略30.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果有某种治疗方法，病人可能会完全康复。逗号后面为虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用，表示与将来事实相反的假设，此时可以使用过去式、should do和were to do做条件句中的谓语动词。虚拟语气中，从句谓语形包含should、were、had时，可以省略if，将should、were、had提前构成倒装，本句中后半句可写为If there should bea certain cure for the disease，构成倒装之后为Should there bea certain cure for the disease，故选D。31.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果学生不能明智灵活地使用在线学习资源，那么在线学习资源将不再有效，甚至会产生负面影响。分析可知，句子描述的内容是与现在事实相反的假设，所以这里使用的是虚拟语气，并且是省略了if的条件句，在含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were 这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将i