建筑施工-专业单词及术语.doc

第二部分 专业单词及术语一、 电气部分单词及术语二、 水暖安装部分单词及术语1三、 建筑安装部分单词及术语四、 施工机械一、 电气部分单词及术语pip wrench管钳子 ajustable spanner活扳子pipe bender弯管气（机） hand hammer手锤hack saw铁（钢）锯 saw木锯ladder梯子 screw driver螺丝刀pincers casing钳套 electroprobe检电笔voltmeter电压表 watt-hour meter电度表universal meter万能表 pincerlike galvanometer钳形电流表safety-belt安全带 pole climbers脚扣子wire grip紧线器 wire电线cable电缆 wiring case接线盒waterproof elbow防水弯头 desk-lamp base坐灯头terminal box出线盒 socket插座open socke明插座 hidden socket暗插座pull switch拉线开关 bulb灯泡sun lamp日光灯 wiring布线pip clip管夹 screw螺钉wood screw木螺钉 switching扳动开关safety switch安全开关 power supply电源，动力供应substation变电站（所） switch panel配电盘oil switch油（浸）开关 relay继电器pipe diestock管子绞板 die板牙current电流 voltage电压ampere安培 volt伏特resistance电阻 ohm欧姆high voltage高压 low voltage低压transformer变压器 circuit电路fuse保险丝 discharging rod避雷针direct current直流 （D C） alternating current交流（A C）rated current额定电流 rated voltage额定电压rated load额定负载 power功率rated power额定功率 knife switch闸刀开关master switch总开关 insulating materials绝缘材料insulator绝缘体 insulating tape绝缘胶带shielding屏蔽 shielding wire屏蔽线architectural working drawing建筑施工图 general plan总图plane diagram平面图 foundation plan基础平面图ground floor plan底层平面图 standard floor plan标准层平面图top floor plan顶层平面图 elevation drawing立面图front elevation正面图 back elevation背立面图side elevation侧面图 right elevation右立面图sectional drawing截（剖、断）面图 detail drawing详图，大样图architectural drawing建筑图 structural drawing结构图office building办公楼 residence住宅factory厂房 highway公路bridgework桥梁工程二、 水暖安装部分单词及术语1、 Terms of Water Supply Pipe水、暖、空调术语Central Heating and Air-conditionLead pouring joint runner灌铅（填缝浇）口Asbestos-cement closure of joint 棉水泥口 Seepage water渗流水Air channel出风口（通风道） Vapour蒸汽Washing冲洗 Backwater pipe回水管Hot-water pipe热水系统 Steam pipe蒸汽管Compensator补偿器 Seam咬口Shaking震动 Socket-and-spigot cast iron pipe承插铸铁管Socketed tee承口三通 Coupler接轮Galvanized steel pipe镀锌钢管 Galvanized elbow镀锌弯头Galvanized tee镀锌三通 Coal-gas pipe煤气管Tap水咀（龙头） Steam-water-mixing valve汽水混合伐Hot and cold water mixing gooseneck tap冷热水混合的鹅颈龙头Multi-vane valve多叶伐 Safety valve安全伐Trap疏水器 Thermometer温度计u-shaped pressure gauge u 型压力计 hemp麻hemp packing 麻垫，麻丝封填 heat-proof polyvinyl chloride pipe耐冲击聚氯乙烯管viscose foam-rubber mat 带粘胶的泡沫橡胶垫 sink water trap存水弯floor drain地漏 clean-out清洁口wash basin（洗脸）盆 bidet坐洗器utensil of drinking water 饮水器 water strainer滤水器squatting stool pan蹲式大便器 sitting stool pan 坐式大便器low flush tank 低水箱 cesspool 污水池radiator 暖气片（散热片） windpipe 气（风）管air strainer 空气过滤器 pressure-reducing valve 减压伐fire hydrant消防栓 hot-blast heating热风暖气pipe-fittings with thread （带）丝（管）头 bathtub浴盆valve pit伐门井 deep well pump深井泵pump水泵 pressure testing pump试压泵boiler锅炉 water storage tank 贮水箱pipe cutter割管器，切管机 pipe diestock 管子绞板架die板牙 phosphate film rot-proof steel sheet磷酸盐薄膜防锈钢板air-condition tank空调箱 heat-exchange热交换器rectangular air hose 矩形风管 round air hose圆形风管2、Terms of Pipe Technician 工业管工术语 hydraulic pressure test 水压试验air pressure test气压试验 blow out 吹扫center-line locating找中心线 elevation locating找标高gradient倾斜度 anticorrosion防腐（刷油漆）elbow弯头 bend煨弯put in material下料 pipe diameter 管径tee三通liquid ammonia氨液，氨水 softening of water软化水prefabrication预制 fixed joint固定接头 staggered joint错口 drawing for prefabrication 预制图 chain wrench钳子 tube expander胀管器file锉刀 hand emery wheel手砂轮 flange法兰valve阀门 screw hole 螺孔screw bolt螺栓 pipe plug管塞、丝堵blank flange盲板、盲法兰 expansion bolt伸缩螺栓clack valve 止回阀 gate valve闸阀ball valve球阀 glass-tube玻璃管液面计filling in sand充沙子 ground stove地（下式烘）炉pipe-bending table煨管台 pipe-bender；pipe-bending machine弯管机blower通风机 fixed trestle固定支架sliding trestle滑动支架 rolling trestle 滚动支架pipe clip 管夹 hanger frame吊架spring shackle弹簧支架 seamless steel pipe无缝钢管plastic tube塑料管 plexiglass pipe有机玻璃管stainless steel pipe不锈钢管 casing pipe套管network drawing网络图 medium介质3.terms of riveter and steel structure 铆工及钢结构术语 lofting放样set out；setting right 定线，测定；矫正 lay out号料diagonal对角线 template样板leak test试漏，漏泻试验 repair修理standard标准 specifications规范start working开工 stop work停工completion竣工 plate steel钢板steel sections ;steel shapes 型钢 rail钢轨I-steel工字钢 channel iron槽钢flat steel扁钢 carbon steel 碳素钢low-alloy steel低合金钢 manganese steel锰钢raw steel原钢 hand hammer手锤sledge hammer大锤 electrical drill电钻angle square角尺 steel tape钢卷尺lead线锤 transit经纬仪level水平仪 ladder梯子platform平台 convexo-concave degree 凹凸度perpendicularity垂直(度) steel roof truss钢屋架sample punching pin样冲(子) unfold 展开steel platform钢平台 compasses for drawing lines划线圆规hose软管水平仪 ellipse椭圆line drawing画线 symbol符号specifications规格 contour line轮廓线quality质量 section steel straight tener 型钢矫直机 plate shears剪板机plate rolling machine卷板机 leveling machine矫平机radial drill旋（摇）臂钻床 vacuum testing真空检验4、Welders Terms焊工术语 welding焊接 cut切割 weld bead焊道play movement接头间隙 groove angle坡口角度obtuse angle钝角 butt-weld对接lap over搭接 lap welding 搭接焊continuous welding连续焊 spot welding点焊gap welding间断焊，断续焊接 T-joint T形接头backstep welding分段退焊（法） symmetrical对称焊welding flux焊接溶剂 horizontal(level)seam平缝vertical(upright)seam立缝 overhead welding仰焊superwide pass超宽焊道 convex weld焊肉超高（凸焊缝）hand welding手工焊 automatic welding自动焊argon arc welding氩弧焊 gas shieded welding气体保护焊submerged arc welding埋弧焊 carbon-arc air gouging碳弧气刨chip root of weld铲根；清焊根 remove the coating of electrode除药皮unfused未熔合 undercut 咬边gas holes气孔 slag inclusion夹渣crack裂纹roentgenoscopy X射线检测（探伤） ultrasonic inspection 超声colouration test着色试验 pickling酸洗intercrystalline corrosion test晶间腐蚀检 electrode holder焊把，焊条钳welding torch焊矩 cutting torch割矩acetylene generator乙炔发生器 oxygen cylinder 氧气瓶argon cylinder氩气瓶 welding electrodes电焊条welding wire焊丝 plastic welding rod塑料焊条plastic welding handle塑料焊把 regulating electric current焊接规范regulating electric current 调整电流 to repair over again返修test piece试件 welders certificate焊工合格证interflow electric welding machine交流电焊机direct current electric welding machine直流电焊机argon arc welder 氩弧焊机 versatile (universal) position全位置macroscopic check 宏观检查 pull test拉力试验bend test弯曲试验 hardness test硬度试验lash test冲击试验5、Terms about Installing Bench Work安装钳工术语deviation偏差 space 间隙tile cradle瓦管座，瓦托板 bearing轴承level水平 equipment设备基础foundation bolt地脚螺栓 wash洗涤；清洗grind研磨 temperature 温度direction方向 disintegration解体installation ; assemble组装（安装） datum level基准面coupling联轴节 flat pad iron平垫铁wedged pad iron斜垫铁 secondary grouting二次灌浆check up ; examination 检查 draw a line划线metrical system公制 British system英制leading压铅 rotative velocity meter 转速表rotate by hand盘车 machining (processing) precision加工精度retarding box减速箱 gear wheel齿轮transmission shaft传动轴 bit钻头saw blade锯条 wrench扳手，扳钳clearance gauge塞尺 calliper rule卡尺calipers卡钳 flat file扁锉scraper; scratch tool刮刀 screwdriver螺丝刀triangular file三角锉 semicircular file半圆锉pliers; hand vice老虎钳chipper堑子 washer 垫圈tap丝锥 a table for drawing lines 划线平台grease黄油 engine oil机油cleaning洗油，去油，清洗 bench drill台钻compressor压缩机 air blower鼓风机electric motor电动机 diesel dynamo柴油发电机Hosisters Commonly Used Terms起重工常用术语 Commanding signal指挥信号 hoisting (and mounting)吊装 Coordination配合 chain jack倒链。；链式起重器 wire rope钢丝绳 hoisting line起重绳 hanger ;hook吊钩 binding绑扎 rolling bar滚杠 trailer拖车 hand cart手推车 radius of gyration回转半径 safety netting安全网 tow牵引 hoisting (lifting) capacity 起重量safety coefficient安全系数 business accounting核算consolidate加固 crowbar撬棍pulley滑轮，滑车 pulley block滑车组hoisting jack起重千斤顶 sleeper枕木coir rope棕绳 fastening ring卡环（卡扣）lifting ring 吊环 steel cable fastener钢丝绳卡子anchor pile锚桩 fork-lift叉车safety helmet安全帽 permissible pulling force容许拉力equipment设备五、 建筑安装部分单词及术语1、 Drawings图纸类the contents of drawings 图纸目录 central heating drawing（集中供暖）暖气图ventilation drawing 通风图 electric drawing电气图air-condition drawing空调图 installation diagram安装图steel bar drawing钢筋图 construction drawing施工图perspective drawing透视图 foundation plan基础平面图piled foundation drawing桩基础图 concrete foundation drawing砼基础图 rubble foundation drawing毛石基础图 reinforced concrete foundation drawing钢筋砼基础图general building plan 建筑总平面图general construction master plan施工总平面图prefabricated components drawing预制（装配式）构件图drawings of door and windows门窗图 aluminium-alloy door drawing铝合金窗图steel casement drawing 钢窗图 steel door drawing钢门图central heating system drawing暖气系统图 water-supply system drawing上水系统图water-supply plane digram上水平面图 water-supply detail drawing上水大样图sewer detail drawing下水大样图 sewer system drawing下水系统图sewer plane diagram下水平面图 ventilation standard drawing通风标准图ventilation system drawing通风系统图 ventilation plane diagram 通风平面图ventilation detail drawing通风大样图 air-condition system drawing空调系统图air-condition plane diagram空调平面图 structural detail drawing结构大样图structural plane diagram结构平面图 building detail drawing建筑大样图ornamental detail drawing装饰大样图 electric plane diagram电气平面图electric system drawing电气系统图 lectric plate sckeme电气盘面图electric wiring diagram电气接线图 electric principle drawing电气原理图distributor structure drawing配电盘结构图electrical construction detail drawing 电气施工大样图roofing structure drawing屋面结构图 balcony detail drawing阳台详图lattice detail drawing花格详图 magnifying detail drawing节点大样roofing drainage schematic diagram屋面排水示意图construction survey location drawing施工测量定位图2、 Engineering Terms工程术语 Ground Foundation地基基础类foundation 地基 earth (ground) endurance地耐力geological prospecting地质钻探 earthquake magnitude地震震级sand foundation砂基础 pile foundation桩基础rubble foundation毛石基础 reinforced concrete钢筋砼基础brick foundation砖基础 deep foundation深基础shallow foundation浅基础 quick sand流砂ground beam地梁 foundation beam基础梁demppoof course 防潮层 footing course呈台底层，基（础）层raft foundation格床筏式基础 rigid foundation刚性基础shell foundation壳体基础 plain concrete saddle素土垫座sand bedding course砂垫层 machine-rolled foundation机械碾压地基slope of foundation pit基坑边坡 drilling-poured pile钻孔灌注扎 explosion-poured pile爆破灌注桩 steel sheet pile钢板桩sandy soil砂土 expanded clay 膨胀黏土chimney烟囱 septic tank化粪池water cistern贮水池 fresh water vat淡水缸salt water vat盐水缸 alkaline water vat碱水缸（1） Earthwork土方工程foundation excavation基础开挖 foundation pit基坑fill填方 excavation挖方rock drilling 凿岩（工作） earthwork transportation土方运输foundation drainage地基排水 pumping from pit坑内抽水(3) scaffold脚手架 steel scaffold钢脚手架 fastener steel pipe scaffold扣件式钢管脚手架bolt steel pipe scaffold螺栓式钢管脚手架 upright stanchion立杆horizontal pole ; transverse strut横杆 all-round scaffold满堂脚手架material-putting platform上料平台架 moving platform活动平台架cornice scaffold挑檐脚手架 hanging scaffolding吊（悬空）脚手架folding internal scaffold折叠式里脚手架 external scaffold 外脚手架wooden scaffold board木脚手板 shaped steel scaffold board型钢脚手板sling tray吊盘 gantry龙门架derrick井架 work bench工作台transportation road运输道 protecting railings 护身栏杆(4) Walling Work彻体工程 axis轴线hollow空心砖 concrete brick砼砖concrete hollow brick砼空心砖 stone wall pointing joints石墙勾缝brick cornice转砌挑檐 brick lintel砖过梁brick arch砖拱 cavity wall空心墙filler wall填充墙，柱间墙 thermal-insulating wall保温墙explosion-proof防爆墙 enclosure围墙reinforced concrete slab wall钢筋砼板墙 parapet女儿墙latticed wall花格墙 wall pipe穿墙管dry wall清水墙，干砌墙 furred wall混水墙a corner formed by two walls墙角 dado墙裙cement mortar水泥砂浆 white lime mortar熟石灰砂浆building block砌块（5）Woodwork木作工程squared timber方木材 lumber木材log元木 plywood胶合板artificial board人造板 dryness干燥spring door自由门 wood window木窗shutter百页窗 sealed window密封窗wood partition wall木隔断（墙） wood floor木地板wooden fitments木装修 wooden formwork木模板water content含水率 wooden ceiling木吊顶wooden dado木墙裙 top rail of wood stair 木楼梯栏杆扶手form work manufacture模板制作 formwork installation模板安装door frame and window frame门窗框 aperture of door门口（径）window opening ;aperture of window窗口 stair formwork楼梯模板girder formwork大梁模板 ends joint端节点internal door内门 external door外门gate大门 metal fittings of door and window门窗小五金glazed door玻璃门 eaves board风檀板eaves plate封檐板 sound-absorbing board吸音板window apron ;window sill窗台板 box of window curtain窗帘盒eave catch檐垫挑（6）Steel Bar and Processing 钢筋及加工the kinds of reinforcing stee