名词从句及练习.doc

名词性从句及练习 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此, 名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 1. 连接代词：who，whose，whom，what, which.有词义,在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语或定语等。 2. 连接副词：when，where, why, how.有词义, 在从句中担任成分, 作状语。 3. 连接词：that, whether, if, as if. that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if （whether）, as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好像）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 二、主语从句 1. 主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2. 用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 3. that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 三、表语从句 1. 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. 2. 引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 e.g. My idea is （that）we can get more comrades to help in the work. 四、宾语从句 1. 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。 e.g. I hope （that） everything is all right. 2. 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether. e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work Im interested in what youve said. 3. whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。 （1）宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether. e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain. （2）用if 会引起误解，就要用whether. e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解） （3）宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。 e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true. （4）介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if.但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether. e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time. 五、同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news，fact, idea， suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。 e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 六、否定转移 将think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I dont think I know you.我想我并不认识你。 I don t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。 I hope you werent ill. 我想你没有生病吧。1. _ we need more practice is quite clear. A. When B. What C. That D. /2. _ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business. A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when3. _ he is doing seems quite difficult. A. How B. That C. Which D. What4. _ that there is another good harvest this year. A. It says B. It is said C. It was said D. He was said5. _ that she has received a doctors degree. A. Its a splendid news B. This is a splendid news C. Its splendid news D. This is splendid news 6. _ still needs to be discussed. A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out7. _ is unknown to us all. A. Where did she put it B. Where she put it C. That where she put it D. In which she put it8. _ nothing to do with us. A. What he did is B. What he has done is C. What did he do has D. What he has done has9. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. what B. that C. how D. why10. The reason why I have to go is _ if I dont. A. that she will be disappointed B. because she will be disappointed C. on account of her being disappointed D. that she will be disappointing 11. It was _ he worked hard that he succeeded.A. because B. since C. as D. for12. I have no idea _. A. what does the word “infinity” mean B. what the word “infinity” means C. what the meaning of the word “infinity” D. what the word “infinity” mean13. _ do you think will teach us maths next term？ A. Whom B. Who C. What D. That14. Are you sure _？ A. whether she is honest B. that she is honesty C. she is honest D. is she honest15. He often thinks of _ he can do more for the four modernizations. A. what B. how C. that D. which 21. Mr. Brown stood up in defense of the boy, saying that he was not the one _. A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed22. The girl looked at me with a _ expression. Maybe the problem was quite _. A. puzzled; puzzling B. puzzling; puzzled C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzling; puzzling23. Ladies and gentlemen, now I will _ the story where I finished the day before yesterday. A. keep up B. take up C. keep on D. go on24. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes. A. bringing up B. looking for C. trying on D. referring to25. _ the reasons above, I found I was paying too much attention to the job. A. Apart from B. Except C. Beyond D. In addition26. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _often enough. A. explain B. explaining C. explained D. to explain27. People have always been curious _ how living things on the earth exactly began. A. in B. about C. of D. at28. Education in government colleges is very cheap, but if you go to the _college, it is much more expensive. A. personal B. public C. person D. private29. _ from heart trouble for years, he has to take medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Having suffered C. Being suffered D. Suffering30. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires31. As the business woman, she made _ her duty to look after the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it32. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding. A. which B. but C. as D. or33. _ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little34. She _ persuade her husband to give up smoking, but her husband didnt. A. managed to B. su