河北省新乐市高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（2）(1).doc

河北省新乐市2015高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（2）及答案【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（5）】it was a beautiful summer afternoon. i happened to be at a local walmart picking up some stuff for my wife when i laid my eyes on two young ladies. they were walking confidently, with their heads held high, which made me believe that they were involved in some kind of competitive sport. they were wearing t-shirts, at the back of which printed, pain is temporary, but pride is forever. thinking of these words, i automatically said to myself, thats right! no pain, no gain.whatever is worth having is worth fighting for, and with fight, there comes pain! fortunately, pain is just temporary. however, it is a necessary step you need to take to get your gain.athletes and their coaches understand this so well. they spend so many hours and so much effort preparing for a competition. some will think about giving up when the training is so painful, but coaches are there to remind them that quitters never win and winners never quit. so they know that when victory comes, they will be proud of themselves and that pride can last a lifetime.youve probably heard the saying, theres no such thing as a free lunch. well, it is true. everything in life has a price, whether you agree or not. to want something for free will always lead to deception. even if you get it, you will not value it or enjoy it, because it is free.no one has told you that life is easy! in fact it is a series of struggles and fights. you will achieve what other people call impossible only when you are willing to endure pain and overcome fear and doubt. your achievement in life is in direct proportion to how much sacrifice you are willing to make.successful people are usually and wrongly labeled as lucky or highly favored by circumstances. however, if you hear their personal stories, you will realize that they went through a lot of trials, but still kept on going, enduring the pain to make where they are today. if we understand that every effect has its cause, then we will grasp the fact that we do have a chance to influence the outcome we get in life. 36. according to the passage, which of the following statements is true? a. athletes are too proud to give up. b. gain is necessary for getting your pain. c. if you get something free, you will not treasure it. d. the author noticed the two ladies because they were having a competition.37. what can we learn from paragraph 5? a. life is short. b. life is meaningful. c. life is colorful. d. life is tough.38. from the last paragraph we know that_. a. success comes from perseverance b. success comes from taking risks or chances c. successful people are often looked down upon d. successful people are never regarded as lucky dogs39. which part of a website is the passage probably taken from? a. culture. b. education. c. sports. d. entertainment.40. whats the best title for the passage? a. no pain, no gain. b. pride is forever. c. pain is temporary. d. successful people are lucky.【参考答案】36-40 cdaba 伤痛是短暂的，荣耀是永恒的。只有先苦才能后甜。轻易得到的东西是不会被珍惜的。36. c。细节理解题。从第四段最后一句.you will not value it or enjoy it, because it is free.可知答案。37. d。细节理解题。从第五段第一句no one has told you that life is easy！可知答案。38. a。推理判断题。从最后一段可知：成功来自于不屈不挠的努力，所有获得成功的人都经历了无数次的尝试，并持之以恒的坚持着自己的目标。39. b。推理判断题。该短文是人生励志文章，故要到网站的教育版块才能读到。40. a。主旨大意题。从第一段最后一句.i automatically said to myself, “thats right! no pain, no gain.”可知答案。阅读理解(2013天津，d)when asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.for kids, happiness has a magical quality. their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)in the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. suddenly its conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. i can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.in adulthood the things that bring deep joylove, marriage, birthalso bring responsibility and the risk of loss. for adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)my definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. the more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. its easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.i experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. first i was overjoyed when i shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. then i spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which i love. when the kids and my husband came home, i enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. i dont think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either. she did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.we, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing weve got to have. were so selfconscious about our “right” to it that its making us miserable. so we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things arent necessarily happier.happiness isnt about what happens to usits about how we see what happens to us. its the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. its not wishing for what we dont have, but enjoying what we do possess.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，通过诸多的对比体验点明了幸福的真谛：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。幸福就是满足。16as people grow older, they _.afeel it harder to experience happiness bassociate their happiness less with others cwill take fewer risks in pursuing happiness dtend to believe responsibility means happiness答案：a细节理解题。由第一段which seems to get rarer the older we get 我们越老，幸福变得越来越少。可知随着人们变老，人们越难以体验幸福。故选a项。17what can we learn about the author from paragraph 5 and 6?ashe cares little about her own health. bshe enjoys the freedom of traveling. cshe is easily pleased by things in daily life. dshe prefers getting pleasure from housework.答案：c归纳概括题。第五段总体讲了作者对幸福的定义就是“快乐的能力”，越享受拥有的东西，越快乐。第六段具体讲述了作者的一系列幸福体验。可以看出作者对于日常生活中的一些小细节都很容易感到快乐。故选c项。18what can be informed from paragraph 7?apsychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness. bpsychologists opinion is well proved by grandma case. cgrandma often found time for social gatherings. dgrandmas happiness came from modest expectations of life.答案：d推理判断题。由第七段中知道祖母没有休闲时光，没有令人满意的工作，可是祖母对生活很满足，与心理学家的看法不一致，所以排除ab项。祖母没有休闲时光所以不可能经常找时间进行社交聚会，排除c项。祖母对平淡的生活很满足可以推断出祖母的幸福来自适度的生活期望。故选d项。19people who equal happiness with wealth and success _.aconsider pressure something blocking their way bstress their right to happiness too much care at a loss to make correct choices dare more likely to be happy答案：b细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二三句话我们过分刻意的追求幸福的权利，因此我们追逐它，把它等同于财富和成功。故选b项。20what can be concluded from the passage?ahappiness lies between the positive and the negative. beach man is the master of his own fate. csuccess leads to happiness.dhappy is he who is content.答案：d主旨大意题。由最后一段得出结论：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。也就是说感到满足就是幸福。故选d项。阅读理解 (2013四川，e)fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting (收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.sarah garfinkel at the brighton and sussex medical school said: “our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”the study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reaction to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. dr garfikel said, “the study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont seeand guide whether we see fear.”to further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner (扫描仪 ) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear. “we have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain speak to each other to change our feeling and reduce fear，” dr garfinkel said. “we hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”文章大意：一项研究表明，人的心脏能够对人感知恐惧的反应产生影响。13what is the finding of the study? aones heart affects how he feels fear. bfear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat. cfear has something to do with ones health. dones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. 答案：a细节理解题，由第一段可知，研究发现心脏跳动的周期与人感觉害怕的可能性之间存在联系。14the study was carried out by analyzing _.avolunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesbthe time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionscvolunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scansddifferent pictures shown to volunteers and their heartbrain communication答案：c细节理解题，由第四段第一句话可知，本次研究是通过向20名志愿者展示令人恐惧的图片来测验他们的反应来进行的。15which of the following is closest in meaning to “mechanism” in paragraph 6?aorder. bsystem. cmachine. dtreatment. 答案：b词义猜测题，由第六段可以得知，心脏和大脑能够“对话”来改变情感、减少恐惧，所依赖的当然应该是身体中的某个系统。16this study may contribute to _.atreating anxiety and stress betterbexplaining the cycle of fear and anxiety cfinding the key to the heartbrain communicationdunderstanding different fears in our hearts and heads答案：a细节理解题，由文章最后一段可知，本项研究对研发解决焦虑症和由于压力大而产生的紊乱治疗方法会有帮助。阅读理解 (2013湖北，e)a german study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.the paper, published this march in psychology and aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 germans between ages 18 and 96. the surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.the researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“we observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote frieder r. lang, a professor at the university of erlangennuremberg.lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote.surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.the authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.however, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “we found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.文章大意：本文主要讲述了不同年龄段的人们对未来生活的态度，对生活的满意度和幸福指数。17according to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?aoptimistic adults. bmiddleaged adults.cadults in poor health. dadults of lower income.答案：b细节理解题，根据while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.可知b正确。18pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people _.ato fully enjoy their present lifebto estimate their contribution accuratelycto take measures against potential risksdto value health more highly than wealth答案：c细节理解题，根据“seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote可知c正确。19how do people of higher income see their future?athey will earn less money.bthey will become pessimistic.cthey will suffer mental illness.dthey will have less time to enjoy life.答案：a细节理解题，根据surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline可知a正确。20what is the clear conclusion of the study?apessimism guarantees chances of survival.bgood financial condition leads to good health.cmedical treatment determines health outcomes.dexpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.答案：d细节理解题，根据“we found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，”可知，他们对生活的满意度随着年龄的增长而变小。(七)a(2013陕西，b)in 1978, i was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from sydney, australia. i was looking forward to having five days off from duty. unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in sydney had already left. so i thought id hitch a ride (搭便车)i waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as gordon. he said that although he couldnt give me a lift, i should come back to his house for lunch. he noticed me standing for hours in the november heat and thought i must be hungry. i was doubtful as a young girl but he assured (使放心)me i was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. when we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. after lunch, he helped me find a lift home.twentyfive years later, in 2003, while i was driving to a nearby town one day, i saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. i thought it was another chance to repay someo