2013年5月北京地区成人英语三级试题及答案.doc

2013年5月Part IReading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages inthis part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decideon the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Dont think your fat cells wont notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine(a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes(a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood),fatty liver disease and weight gain.The study adds to a growing body of evidence that theres “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. (76)But Americans dont seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours per night.More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average.So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young,thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady.Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nightsbut this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit,researchers got a sample of their fat. (77)Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep.“I was very surprised to be honest,” he says.Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin.“Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “Theyre there to store lipids (血脂).” when lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when youre exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells start to become insulin resistant, the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.1. According to the passage, lack of sleepfor a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT_.A. heart diseaseB. weight gainC. diabetesD. liver disease2. The main idea of the third paragraph is_.A. how to write a medical research paperB. how to avoid sleep lossC. how the research was conductedD. how to conduct a medical experiment3. What does the word “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Leap. C. Lean.B. Lead. D. Leak.4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight.C. More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep.D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and DiseaseB. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat StudyC. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of SleepD. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend1.【答案】A。 细节题。根据第一段最后一句话Over the long-term, this decreasedresponse could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in whichsomeone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weightgain.可知长期缺乏睡眠会导致体重增加、II型糖尿病和脂肪肝而没说会导致心脏病。因此选择A。2.【答案】C。自然段的主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍整个实验实施的程序与步骤。 因此选择C。3.【答案】D。词汇解释题。根据最后一段the lipids后面一句话的描述，血脂开始从 脂肪细胞中渗出并在血流中增加。可知leach和leak同义，意为“泄露、露出”。4.【答案】B。正误判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句话Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive toinsulin.可以得知当脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应变得较少时， 不好的事情就可能发生。所以A选项正确。从文章第二段最后一句话More than 1 in 5 of us .可以得知C选项正确。从文章最后一段第二句“Fat cells are actuallyyour friend” .脂 肪细胞实际上是你的朋友，可知D选项表述正确。5.【答案】A。 主旨题。本文中心思想是睡眠缺乏将导致脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应能 力降低，从而引起健康方面的疾病，包括糖尿病、脂肪肝及身体肥胖。所以正确选项应选择A。Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by fro zen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home.(78) Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment.In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050.That may cause two-thirds of the worlds 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.Polar bears cant survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice.(79)Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water.A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seals breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs (大片浮冰), and they cant always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubsto become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food.Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. “The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance well alter our warming path in time to save them,” he says.6. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Climate change in the ArcticB. How to protect the EnvironmentC. The Arctic Is Home to Polar BearsD. Polar Bears in Danger7. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?A. On land.B. In open water.C. In openings in the sea ice.D. At the bottom of the sea.8. The word “cubs” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to_.A. Adults B. Babies C. Hunters D. enemies9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be killed either for food or safety.B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.C. Two-thirds of the worlds polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.10. Whats the mission of Polar Bears International?A. Saving energy.B. Conducting scientific research.C. Seeking international cooperation.D. Saving polar bears and their home.Passa1.【答案】A。 细节题。根据第一段最后一句话Over the long-term, this decreasedresponse could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in whichsomeone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weightgain.可知长期缺乏睡眠会导致体重增加、II型糖尿病和脂肪肝而没说会导致心脏病。因此选择A。2.【答案】C。自然段的主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍整个实验实施的程序与步骤。 因此选择C。3.【答案】D。词汇解释题。根据最后一段the lipids后面一句话的描述，血脂开始从 脂肪细胞中渗出并在血流中增加。可知leach和leak同义，意为“泄露、露出”。4.【答案】B。正误判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句话Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive toinsulin.可以得知当脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应变得较少时， 不好的事情就可能发生。所以A选项正确。从文章第二段最后一句话More than 1 in 5 of us .可以得知C选项正确。从文章最后一段第二句“Fat cells are actuallyyour friend” .脂 肪细胞实际上是你的朋友，可知D选项表述正确。5.【答案】A。 主旨题。本文中心思想是睡眠缺乏将导致脂肪细胞对胰岛素的反应能 力降低，从而引起健康方面的疾病，包括糖尿病、脂肪肝及身体肥胖。所以正确选项应选择A。ge 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate (有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach?Of course there will always be learning by osmosis (耳濡目染) in any school,but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a childs moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration,courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue (美德).I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period prov ides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed (使融入) itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. (80)Its also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usuallygoes out of control.Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, “that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!” we draw out from them the required virtue:“When youre walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?”11. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years.B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.D. Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.12. We can infer from the first paragraph that_.A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education isB. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schoolsC. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skillsD. more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance13. The word “philosophy” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_.A. study B. subjectC. viewpoint D. investigation14. The author is a_.A. Teacher B. librarianC. ReporterD. manager15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children?A. Story readings and discussions.B. Osmosis.C. Taking every opportunity to teach character.D. Role play.11.【答案】B。主旨大意题。文章第二段中提到，美德可以帮助孩子们的性格发展， 接下来的一段又提到把美德嵌入课堂教学和学校生活中，帮助性格的发展。12.【答案】C。细节题。第一段讲了现在学校性格发展教育的方法，说了为什么性格 发展的教育和其他教育的技能方法如此不同。13.【答案】C。词汇解释题。根据在文章中的原文This however has been the philosophyon character development in many of our schools.可推测出是在很多学校性格发展的观点、看法。14.【答案】A。细节题。在第二段里提到but as a teacher and a primary schoolhead司看出作者是一个老师兼小学校长。15.【答案】A。细节题。浏览全文可以看出，B、C、D在文章中都有提到，只有A 故事阅读和讨论没有提到。Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. So much _ about his ships on the sea that he didnt sleep for a single minute all night.A. did he worry B. he did worryC. he worried D.worried he17. His new novel is said _ into a film last year.A. to make B.to have madeC. to be made D.to have been made18. He tried several times to pass the exam. _the end, he succeeded.A. On B.In C. At D. By19. The report of an earthquake (地震) in the South China Sea has not been _ yet.A. conflicted B.confused C. confined D. confirmed20. The clouds are gathering. Wed better hurry and _ the department store in case it rains.A. hand in B.face up to C. head for D. back up21. There is only one boat _ for hire.Im afraid you have to wait for the next one.A. superior B.capable C. complicated D. available22. I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of_.A. relation B.limitation C. strength D. patience23. Finally we made a _ that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after.A. trip B.bargain C. face D. fool24. The old man was found _ on the floor.A. lying dead B.lying death C. laying dead D. laying death25. If one _ a crime, he will be punished.A. makes B.commits C. performs D. achieves26. If you insist on doing that, please take me into_.A. think B.thinking C. thought D. consideration27. The letters PTA _ parent-teacher association.A. stand for B.call for C. reach for D. care for28. On _ side of the street were standing young boys and girls to welcome the President.A. both B.two C. either D. every29. Hospital doctors dont go out very often as their work _ all their time.A. takes away B.takes in C. takes over D. takes up30. The _ of blood always makes him sick.A. sight B.view C. look D. form31. She sent her application to the university last week, but _ any response up to now.A. didnt receive B. werent receivingC. hadnt received D. hasnt received32. _by the teacher in class, John felt quite depressed and kept silent the whole evening.A. Criticizing B. To criticizeC. Criticized D.Having criticized33. Id play football with you now if I_ ten years younger.A. am B.be C. had been D. were34. All the books, _ had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.A. which B.that C. who D. whose35. It is known that _ Galileo invented_ telescope.A. the.the B./.the C. a./ D. the.a36. The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremely_.A. soft B.softly C. softness D. softy37. Not a single mistake _ in the test.A. he made B.did he make C. he has made D. made he38. Would you mind _ a photo of you?A. me take B.to take C. my taking D. me to take39. The lady treats the boy next door well as if he _ her own son.A. is B.was C. were D. would be40. The city _ I was born is on the new railway line.A. which B.that C. on which D. where41. It _ yesterday, for the ground is still wet now.A. must have rained B. was rainingC. rained D.had rained42. If Professor Jones arrives tomorrow,either you or I _ to meet him at the airport.A. are B.is C. am D. were43. _ with the size of the whole earth,the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all.A. When compared B. CompareC. While comparing D. Comparing44. On this special occasion Id like to express my _ wishes for your future happiness.A. obvious B.sincere C. hopeful D. honest45. He doesnt spend much time _ his homework.A. in B.with C. on D. for16.【考点】倒装句【句意】他如此担心他在海上的船，以至于一晚上连一分钟都没有睡。【解析】选A。当so, such位于句首时句子要部分倒装。17.【考点】时态【句意】据说他的新小说去年已经被制作成电影了。【解析】选D。现在完成表示巳经完成的动作，又因为是被制作成，所以用been made。18.【考点】短语辨析【句意】他尝试了好几次去通过考试，最终，他成功了。【解析】选B。in the end终于，最后；at the end在终点，在结尾;by the end到末尾