2009年12月METS三级模拟练习B卷.doc

2009年12月METS三级模拟练习B卷31. One _ that is often responsible for eyestrain in children is farsightedness, or hyperopia.A defect B deficit C deformity D deficiency32. I _ asked the physician not to put me on a diet again.A considerably B confidently C merely D noticeably33. Some people have tremendous ability to bounce back from _.A difficulty B extremity C activity D adversity34. The young mans left arm has not recovered to its full _. A capacity B length C scarcity D flexibility.35. Common forms of treatment for hypertension include dietary changes, weight loss, the use of _ and other medications.A lotion B capsules C diuretics D analgesics36. Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed _.A leakage B feces C menses D serum37. One form of _ affects people who drink too much alcohol, because alcohol irritates liver tissue. A sclerosis B stenosis C cirrhosis D acidosis38. The bones of the aged persons are more _ than the bones of young persons. A frothy B flexible C lumpy D fragile39. Physicians center their efforts on _ the patients strength, nutrition, and fluid intake.A taking up B doing up C pulling up D keeping up40. Some conditions, such as pregnancy or obesity, may _ chest wall movement, preventing full lung expansion. A distend B restrict C inflate D alleviate41. In some cases there may be _ damage that replacement is the only resort.A much B so much C a little D such a42. If these glands are removed, _ a series of muscle contractions, involving particularly the head and the face muscles.A there follow B there follows C there will follow D there is followed43. Many types of cancer may be tied to peoples habits, _ to the characteristic of their environment.A rather than B far more C other than D above all44. The non-smoking wife of a man who smokes 20 cigarettes a day may increase _ her chances of getting lung cancer.A with the third B in the third C by a third D over a third45. The bodys heat-regulating devices are efficient, but there is limit _ they can accomplish.A with which B in which C of what D to what 46. There are many other causes of blindness, and frequently _ could have been prevented. A these B those C that D this47. Cells are alive, and all living things need food to row and produce energy; _ the cell must receive nourishment somehow.A moreover B therefore C nevertheless D while48. The hospital dietitian plans special diets for patients _ by the doctor.A being ordered B to be ordered C when ordered D ordered 49. In order that this hormone _ be manufactured, there _ be an adequate supply of iodine in the blood.A may/may B must/can C may/must D can/can50. In the old days, if an amputation was necessary, alcohol _ to dull the pain somewhat, but the patient did not have the benefit of an effective anesthetic drug.A often used B was used C would use D be usedDiabetes mellitus, a disease _51_ an abnormal buildup of glucose takes place in the body, _52_ millions of people. It is described in some of the oldest medical writings. The ancient doctors wrote down the _53_ of the disease. Its victims would lose weight _54_ they ate and drank a lot. These patients always felt thirty and wanted to drink water. Their body _55_ a great amount of urine.About 100 years ago doctors found that diabetes was _56_ in some ways to the pancreas gland. Two German doctors soon _57_ it. They removed the pancreas of a dog, and immediately the dog showed all the signs of diabetes. Within a few weeks the dog was dead. Then they tried another experiment to learn _58_ the dog became sick just because it did not get digestive liquids produced by the pancreas. They operated on another dog. _59_ removing its pancreas they tightly _60_ the tubes that carried digestive liquids from the pancreas to small intestines. In the days that followed, the dog showed no signs of diabetes. Clearly dogs can produce some other substances that prevent them from getting diabetes. 51. A that B which C of which D in which52. A kill B killing C has killed D having killed53. A symptoms B etiology C syndrome D descriptions 54. A despite B because C therefore D although55. A sent out B put out C gave off D made off56. A attributed B linked C subjected D affected 57. A confirmed B preserved C confined D concluded58. A when B that C if D why59. A in spite of B instead of C more than D after 60. A sutured B wrapped C closed D insertedPassage AMany illnesses and diseases can be cured or controlled. Others have no cure. Many injuries can be repaired. Others are so serious that the human body cannot continue to function. Recovery is not expected in these cases. The disease or injury will end in death. An illness or injury for which there is no reasonable expectation of recovery is referred to as a terminal illness.Doctors cannot accurately predict when death will occur from a terminal illness. A patient may be given days, weeks, months, or years to live. Do not consider any prediction to be foolproof. Patients who have been expected to live for only a short time have lived for years. On the other hand, many patients have been expected to live for a longer time, but they have died much earlier than expected. Medical breakthroughs have resulted in cures or have prolonged life in many cases. Future research and modern technology are expected to produce new cures. However, living and dying are influenced by two very powerful psychological forces. These forces are hope and the will to live. People have died sooner than expected or for no apparent reason when they have given up hope or lost the will to live.Personal experiences, culture, religion, and age influence a persons attitude about death. Many people fear death. Others refuse to believe they will die. There are others who look forward to and accept death. Attitudes and beliefs about death often changes as a person grows older. Changing circumstances also affect attitudes and beliefs.Attitudes about death are closely related to religious beliefs. Some believe in a life after death that is free of suffering and hardship. They also believe there will be reunion with family and loved ones. Many people believe there is punishment and suffering for sins and misdeeds in the afterlife. Others do not believe in the afterlife. Many people strengthen their religious beliefs during the process of dying. Religion is also a source of comfort for the dying patient and the family.61. Terminal illness can be defined as _.A an illness or injury that is at an initial stageB an illness or disease which has been managed poorlyC an illness or injury for which no recovery can be expectedD an illness or injury which is close to full recovery62. What does the word “foolproof” in the second paragraph means?A Foolish B Curable C Incredible D Unmistakable63. A persons attitude about death can be affected by _.A changing circumstances B personal experiences C religious beliefs D All of the above.64. A terminally-ill patient _.A usually lives longer than expectedB may live a longer life thanks to new medical progressC is less influenced by physical forces than by psychological onesD seldom believes there is no possible way to bring him or her around65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A Patients who believe in the afterlife die free of suffering and hardship.B Patients who view death as punishment often refuse to accept it.C Whether a patient with a terminal illness can live longer depends on many factors.D All patients with a terminal illness receive comfort from their religious beliefs.Passage B Noise is a meaningless, unwanted and irregular sound. It is a by-product of human activity. At some point sounds become a nuisance or a distraction, and we are faced with them as a problem of noise. Modern living has intensified noise pollution. In the street, in our homes, and on the job, the noise of daily living can be frustrating and harmful to our well-being. In fact, the average of volume of sound in our environment is doubling every 10 years. At this rate, we are fast approaching the point at which more noise will be intolerable to the human auditory system.Researches have shown that noise can adversely affect humans in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as shipbuilding and construction work are well known. In fact, however, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds. A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests that this hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age.Furthermore, a closer inspection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially if accuracy and mental effort are involveD The use of outdoor areas for conversation is not possible for quite a large number of people who live or work in urban areas. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, more people can be said to have lost part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise.Thus noise pollution is a serious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects that may stem from an excessively noisy environment.66. You can learn from the first paragraph that _.A sounds may become noise if they are too loudB humans are not good at putting up with noiseC noise has always been a problem in human societyD noise is greatly increasing in our environment 67. It is implied in the second paragraph _.A hearing loss occurs naturally when one reaches a certain ageB hearing loss is affected by our living environmentC most young people do not have hearing problemsD old people do not mind loud noise as much as young people68. You can infer from the passage that loud noise has greater effects on people who work _.A in ship-yards Bat airports C in offices D on work sites69. Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?A Different occupations have different effects on peoples hearing ability.B People exposed to greater noise levels are more likely to develop hearing problems.C Noise can affect peoples daily lives. D Urban people are more sensitive to noise than rural people.70. The last paragraph implies that _.A people are generally concerned about noise pollutionB people havent fully realized the effects of noise pollutionC people are making efforts to overcome the noise problemD people are alert to excessively noisy environmentPassage CDuring this decade, increasing interest has been shown in issues concerning occupational health. However, problems of working women generally have been ignored. Most of the research concentrates on male workers, and yet about half of the work force is female.There are a number of types of health hazards faced by modern working women. While many of these are shared equally by men, some differences also may be seen. For example, women in jobs which traditionally have been classified as male occupations, such as police officers or top executives, often must contend with resistance from co-workers, in addition to the normal stresses of these jobs. This may lead to a greater risk of stress-related illness for these women.A second distinction between health hazards for women as opposed to men is apparent in occupations typically held only by women. These jobs, such as nursing, secretarial, or domestic work, carry their own hazards to health, which differ from those in other types of work. Finally, women workers in many occupations face hazards from chemical agents or radiation which may affect fertility or reproductive functions.In general, the physiological reactions of males and females to similar hazards are about the same. Most of the differences that are experienced may be classified in terms of differing sources of hazards, rather than differences in peoples reactions to the same hazard. There are two exceptions to this. One is that women, as mentioned above, can be affected in different and more serious ways than men, by radiation or other agents that affect reproductive functions. The other exception relates to hazards, which exist or are exaggerated, because of physical forces exerted (such as in construction work, mining, etc.). In other words, some jobs simply are more dangerous or hazardous for those workers who have less physical strength than others. While some women in fact are physically stronger than some men, generally speaking this is not the case. Women tend to have less muscle mass and physical strength than men, and as a result they will face greater health hazards while doing certain kinds of work.71. Women in traditionally male jobs _.A face the same problems as men doB often perform better than their male co-workersC have problems other than those men have to faceD suffer illnesses far more often than their male colleagues72. Which of the following is true of women in traditionally female jobs? A They face certain health risks of their own.B They have few obvious advantages over men in such jobs. C They are not affected by undue stress in these jobsD They often behave differently from those in other jobs.73. The different reactions to job-related stress between men and women lie mainly in _.A the differing response to hazardsB the differing sources of hazards C the differing degrees of response to the same hazardsD the differing duration of exposure to hazards74. Which of the following is a situation in which a woman may not face greater hazards than her male colleagues?A A woman supervises a police team consisting mainly of men.B A woman serves as president of a giant electronics company.C A woman clerk has to handle a heavy workload in the office.D A woman has to work the same as her male co-workers in a work-site. 75. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A Occupational health of working men and women.B Different physiological responses to hazards. C Overlooked health hazards for todays working women.D Womens disadvantages in heavy and demanding jobs. Passage DEmergency treatment for the heart attack victim is generally more elaborate than for those suffering sudden onset of other cardiovascular diseases. Even before reaching the emergency room, the victim of a heart attack has probably received some treatment, in the form of drugs, intravenous fluids and oxygen. In the hospital, the oxygen generally continues, and the number and variety of fluids and drugs expand. Treatment to restore normal heart function is now fairly standardized. If the patients blood pressure is low and the heart is beating too slowly, atropine is given to speed the heart rate and restore blood pressure. Lidocaine is administered to regulate a heart that is beating irregularly and too fast, and if this condition degenerates into the disorganized and ineffective beating called fibrillation, it is countered with the electric defibrillator. Blood pressure is recorded frequently to see if there is any danger of shock. Electrocardiograms monitor heartbeat to detect any dangerous changes in rate that may signal the onset of another attack or even cardiac arrest, the stopping of the heart.A victim of a severe heart attack may go to the ICU, but in most cases he moves from the emergency ward to the coronary care unit, or CCU, where he remains for three or four days. The specialized care delivered in the CCU is credited with reducing hospital mortality for heart attack patients worldwide from 30 per cent to 20 per cent. In the CCU, the patient is still surrounded by tubes, screens and machines, yet he feels a sense of relief. The CCU is not so impersonal as the emergency room, and it is less like a scientific laboratory than the ICU. Patients are generally in the recovery stage and are alert to their surroundings. There is food to eat instead of synthetic nutrients dripped into a vein, even if the food is bland, with fats and salt reduced nearly to the lowest point. Hot, regular meals which begin within 24 hours of a patients admittance to the CCU have a reassuring effect. 76. Which of the following is true of the emergency room treatment?A Doctors usually take heart attack patients seriously.B Doctors usually treat patients gently and friendly.C Heart