必修五unit3学案.doc

Unit3 Life in the future【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1. impression n. 印象；感想；印记1）固定搭配：make/ leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象be under the impression that. 觉得；以为make no impression on 对无影响/效果give sb. a favourable impression给某人以好的印象First impressions are most important. 第一印象最重要。his impression of her=her impression on him 她给他留下的印象2）其动词形式impress用法：impress 作“使（某人）印象深刻”时，常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb ./ impress sb. with sth .给留下深刻的印象；使铭记；通常用于被动语态：be impressed by/at/with sth.或be impressed on ones mind/memory。如：The teachers were most impressed by your performance in the exam.所有老师被你们的考试成绩所深深感动His speech made quite an impression on the audience.他的演说给听众留下了相当好的印象。【即境活用】1）_ was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错 (答案： His first impression on me / My first impression of him)2) His trip to India made _.他的印度之行对他的触动很大(答案：a strong impression on him)3) He _with his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她(答案： impressed her )2. previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的previous to 在之前previously adv. 先前地，以前地1）He did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好。2）His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的尝试成功了。3）Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter. 在会议召开之前,我们讨论了这个问题.【即境活用】汉译英1）你以前有过这种工作经验吗？_2）来这里之前,我为你准备了文件._答案： 1）Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job? 2）Previous to coming here, I prepared all the documents for you.3. lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西lack sth.(wisdomcommon sensemoney缺乏智慧常识/金钱)lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的be lacking in (couragedetermination to do.) 缺乏做某事的勇气决心athe lack of 的缺乏for lack of 因缺乏have no lack of 不缺乏1) You will not be lacking in support from me. 你将得到我的帮助2) I lacked for nothing. 我不需要任何东西【即境活用】1）The trip was cancelled through_.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。（答案：through lack of interest.）2）He _. 他缺乏信心。（答案He lacks confidence. ）【重点短语】1. take up 从事；占(时间、空间、注意力、等)；继续 典例1)This table takes up too much room这张桌子太占地方。2)She has taken up a job as a teacher她当上老师了。3)This chapter takes up where the last one off 本章继续上一章的内容。短语归纳take off脱掉（衣服等）；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：take over接管：获得对的控制或管理take apart拆开：分开后将分成许多部分take for把视作：误认为take for granted认为是理所当然take down写下,记下take back收回(诺言);【即境活用】1）Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day. A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up （答案 A ）2）To keep healthy，Professor Johnson_ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made for（答案为A。）2. lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见./ 瞥见重点短语gethave(a)sight of 看见，发现at(the)sight of 一看见at first sight 乍一见 out of sight 不被看见，在视线之外 out of sight of 在看不见的地方inwithin sight 被见到，在视线内 inwithin sight of在看得见的地方【即境活用】1）We_ several precious animals. 我们失去了很多的珍惜动物（答案： have lost sight of） 2）乍看起来，这个问题好像容易 _.（答案：At first sight, the problem seems easy.）3）小岛仍然可以看的见 _. （答案The small island is still in sight）4）一看见老师男孩就跑掉 _.（答案:At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.）3. sweep up打扫；横扫sweep aside放堆到一边, 不予理会sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走sweep off扫清; 吹走; 大量清除sweep out扫掉; 清除sweep over将.一扫而光【即境活用】选择短语并用恰当的形式填空。1) After the party, the house needed _.2) The leaves were _ into the air by the strong wind.A. sweep off B. sweep over C. sweep up D. sweep out答案: 1.sweeping up 2. swept up【重点句型】1.The air seemed thin ,as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。 It looks as though they have succeeded in the experiment .看起来好像他们的实验成功了。 She talks about Hong Kong as though she had been there before.她说起香港好像她以前去过似的。 The boy is renning here and there as though searching for something.这男孩跑来跑去好像在找什么东西。 The old man set upon the thief as though mad.那位老人发疯似地扑向小偷2.Hit by a lack of frest air ,my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛 Dealt with in a proper way,waste can be turned into useful things.如果处理得当，废品也可转化成有用的东西 United ,we stand ;divided ,we fall.(=If we are united,we stand;if we are divided,we fall.)合则立，分必垮。 The table set ,they began to dine.摆放好书桌子，他们开始吃饭了。 He stood there silently,moved to tears. 他沉默地站在那儿，感到地留下了眼泪。【即境活用】_ in a traffic jam, students of a college in India answered their exam papers on the school bus.A. Having caught B. Be caught C. Being caught D. Caught【解析】选D。句意：在印度一所大学里的学生由于堵车原因在公交车上进行考试。考查分词短语作状语，改为状语从句后，应为：Because they were caught in a traffic jam, students of a college in India answered【语法全析】过去分词作状语和定语一、过去分词过去分词有两大特点：一是表被动的概念；二是表动作已完成。过去分词在句中可用作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者二、过去分词作状语的用法过去分词或过去分词短语常用于以下几种状语：分类说明举例时间状语可用于时间状语从句，也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，使其时间意义更明确1）Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful.=When it is seen from the hill，the parks are very beautiful.从山上看，这个公园非常美丽2）Dont speak until spoken to.=Dont speak until you are spoken to.当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话原因状语可用于原因状语从句或并列结构Touched by his teachers words，the boy cried.=The boy was touched by his teachers words,so he cried.这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了条件状语可加连词if，unless等转换成条件状语从句Given more time，we could do it much better.（=If we were given more time，we could do it much better.）多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好让步状语有时可加although，though，even if，even though，whether.or等连词转换成让步状语从句Though warned of the storm，the farmers were still working in the fields.=Though they had been warned of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields.虽然农民们已被告知将有风暴，但他们仍然在地里干活方式伴随状语加and可转换成并列结构从句The teacher entered the classroom，followed by a group of his students.=The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生三、学习过去分词作定语时，注意过去分词所在的位置单独的过去分词作定语常常置于其所修饰的名词前You should improve your spoken English.过去分词短语作定语常常置于其所修饰的名词后He is a teacher respectedby all his students.不及物动词的过去分词作定语当与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，必须在该动词后使用必要的介词He is the student laughed at by all people just now.【典型例题】1Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa Ainvited Bto invite Cbeing invited Dhad been invited 【解析】选A。句中的most of the artists与invited之间是被动关系，故应选用过去分词，相当于who were invited。 2The computer centre，_ last year，is very popular among the students in this school Aopen Bopening Chaving opened Dopened 【解析析】选D。根据句中的last year可知，the computer centre去年就开业了，表示完成的动作；而且open与the computer centre又存在被动关系，句意为：去年开办的计算机中心在这所学校里受到学生们的欢迎。 3The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it Abegins Bhaving begun Cbeginning Dbegun 【解析】选D。once begun在句中作条件状语，它是状语从句once it is begun的省略形式，句意为：这项调查研究事先计划的如此完好，以致于一旦开始，什么也无法改变它 4Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken【解析】选B。完整的说法应是when the drug is taken according to the directions,由于主句的主语和从句的主语相同，因此可以省略从句的主语the drug和谓语的一部分is,答案为B。当然也可以省去when【语法专练】1.A cool rain was falling with snow causing heavy traffic Amixed B mixing Cto mix Dhaving mixed2. The No. 5 subway line, in October, 2007, has greatly improved the traffic conditions in Beijing. A. opened B. was opened C. being opened D. to be opened3. Some medicine, when wrongly , can kill a person.Atake BtakingCtakenDto take4. From the school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.A. to mark B. marking C. marked D. having been marked5. - How are they getting on with their work?-All goes well as _.A. planned B. to be planned C. planning D. being planned【高考零距离】1、（2012福建卷 T24）24. 一 When did the computer crash?一 This morning, while Ithe reading materials downloaded from some websites.A. have sortedB. was sortingC. am sorting D. had sorted【解析】选B。本题考查时态的用法。首先根据时间状语this morning知道是发生过的事情，去除A、C两项，然后过去完成时的使用前提是有动作的先后顺序，然而本句指的是“今天早晨我正把从网上下载的阅读材料分类时电脑坏的。”指的是过去正在进行的动作用过去进行时，B项正确。【难度】一般 2、（2012重庆卷 T28）28. Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will in the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 【解析】选A。非谓语动词分析句子结构可知，空白处为后置定语，与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系，而且是将要发生的动作。由此可知，表示被动和将来的A选项符合题意。B表示被动进行，C表示被动完成，D表示被动完成，但是不作定语。因此，正确答案为A选项。技巧点拨：考查非谓语动词。分析题干的句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，publish与book之间存在被动关系，next month是表示将来的时间状语，因此，空格处表示被动将来，故正确答案为B选项。A表示被动完成；C表示主动将来；D表示被动进行，均不合语境。3.（2011北京卷 T30）Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying【解析】 选C。考查虚拟语气。句意为：或许要是那时我学的是理科而不是文学，我就能给你更大的帮助。根据从句时间状语then,可知if条件句表示与过去事实相反，要用过去完成时（had done），故选C。4.（2011全国卷I T29）When Alice came to，she did not know how long she thereAhad been lying Bhas been lyingCwas lying Dhas lain【解析】选A。考查时态。句意：当Alice苏醒过来时，