Unit 4 Learning efficiently 导学案 3.doc

Unit 4 Learning efficiently 导学案单词典句考点Competent adj. 有能力的；能胜任的【经典例句】 The same principle applies to competent readers.同一种原则适用于有能力的读者。【考点聚焦】 1) 常用搭配：be competent for/at/in/to do sth. 有能力做某事2) 其名词形式：competence n. 能力、胜任、本领Beneath prep. 在之下【经典例句】 See how many of the questions beneath the sentences you can answer.看一看你能答出句子下面多少个问题。【考点聚焦】 1) beneath作介词和副词.它和below，under相近，below表示“比低的”.其反义词是above；under表示“在的正下方”，其反义词是over；beneath意思是“在某物体的底部与该物体是相连接的”。2) 注意下面的词组:beneath attention 不值得注意；beneath contempt 极其可鄙【活学活用】1.用beneath，below，under填空1) The valley lay _.答案：beneath 2) Todays temperature is 10 degrees centigrade _ zero.答案：below 3) I can recognize my chair by checking my name written _ it.答案：beneath 4) There is a boat _ the bridge.答案：under adopt vt. 采用；收养【经典例句】One way to know what techniques to use is to study the techniques that good readers use and then adopt them in your own reading.了解使用什么样的技巧的一个办法是研究优秀读者所运用的技巧，然后在你的阅读中采用。【考点聚焦】 注意以下词组:ones adopted son某人的养子；adopted words外来词Asses vt. 评定；评估【经典例句】 A college is going to assess a students ability based on grades.大学将根据分数评估学生的能力。【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：assess sth. at.为评估、评定、核定(税金、罚金)assess sth. on.对征(税金、罚金等)assess sth. as评定、估计某事物的质量、性质【活学活用】2.完成句子1) 政府对他的财产征了税金。The government _ the tax _ his property.答案：assessed；on 2) 保险公司评定损害赔偿金为350美元。The insurance company _ the damage _ $350.答案：assessed；at Consult vt. 请教；查阅【经典例句】 He consulted a dictionary for the meaning of a word.他查辞典寻找某词的词义。【考点聚焦】 1) 固定搭配：consult with sb. 和某人商量；consult sb. 征求某人的意见(是单方面的请教)2) 比较consult和look up 的用法：consult 和look up 都可作“查阅”讲，但是所接的宾语不一样，consult后接表示资料或工具书的名词，而look up 后接表示所查阅的内容的名词。【活学活用】 3.翻译句子1) 你为什么不请教我这件事？_答案：Why didnt you consult me about this?2) 我在电话簿上查找了他的地址。_答案：consulted the telephone book for his address/I looked up his address in the telephone book.Concrete adj. 具体的；有形的【经典例句】 Tactile learners learn best through concrete experiences.触觉型学习者通过具体的经历达到最佳学习效果。【考点聚焦】 concrete还可用作名词和动词，其意思为“混凝土；用混凝土覆盖”.【活学活用】4.翻译句子1) 水泥(cement)、沙子和水混合制成混凝土._答案：Cement，sand and water are mixed to make concrete.2) 你有什么具体建议应付这一困境吗？_答案：Have you got any concrete suggestions on how to deal with this difficulty?短语典句考点apply to 适用于【经典例句】The same principle applies to competent readers.同一种原则适用于有能力的读者。【考点聚焦】 由apply构成的其他常用搭配：apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某事或请求某人apply sth. to sth. 把运用到(贴到、涂到)apply oneself to sth./doing sth. 集中精力做某事【活学活用】5.用所学词组的适当形式填空1) The same method can _ _ _ other situations.答案：be applied to2) They _ _ the government for help.答案：applied torely on 指望；依赖【经典例句】 Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。【考点聚焦】 1) rely on的主语必须是人不能是物.主要结构有:rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望或依赖某人做某事rely on(sb.) doing sth.指望某人做某事；相信某人会做某事2) 具有相同用法的同义词组为:depend on/upon；count on/upon【活学活用】6.翻译句子1) 你可以相信他会帮助你的。_答案：You can rely on him to help you.2) 这项工程的成功靠每一个人的努力工作。_答案：The success of this project relies on everyone making on effort.be up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事【经典例句】 Its up to you to choose where we should go.我们要去的地点由你负责选择吧。【考点聚焦】 相关词组:up to date最新式的；up to now(then)直到现在(那时)tend to易于；往往会【经典例句】 I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.阅读和听力时，我头脑中往往会浮现画面。【考点聚焦】 1) tend to为动词词组，后面可接动词或名词.2) 相关词组：tend on/upon服侍；招待.3) 其名词形式为tendency，后常接不定式作定语.【活学活用】 7.用所学词组的适当形式填空1) It _ _ rain a lot here in summer.答案：tends to2) Measures _ _ improve working conditions have been made.答案：tending to3) He _ _ get angry when people oppose to his plan.答案：tends tomake sense 讲得通；有意义【经典例句】 I read the passage and half the time it doesnt make sense.我阅读文章，可是半数的时间弄不懂意思。【考点聚焦】 由sense构成的其他短语:make sense of 弄懂的意思；in a sense 在某种意义上；in no sense 决不；in ones (right) senses 神志清醒；out of ones senses失去理智；talk/speak sense说正经话、讲道理；come to ones senses苏醒过来；common sense常识难句剖析拓展You will read more efficiently if you keep in mind the purpose for your reading and then read in a way that will best help you to achieve this purpose.如果你时时想着阅读的目的，然后采用一种最能帮助你实现这一目的方法，那你就能高效地去阅读.【剖析】 1) the purpose for your reading作keep的宾语，由于短语较长放在了状语in mind后面来保持句子平衡。2) 定语从句that will best help you to achieve this purpose修饰way。【拓展】 为了保持句子结构的平衡，常常将某个成分后置。One way to know what techniques to use is to study the techniques that good readers use and then adopt them in your own reading.了解使用什么样的技巧的一种方法就是研究优秀读者使用的技巧，然后在你的阅读中采纳。【剖析】 1) 不定式to know what techniques to use作定语修饰one way；2) 不定式to study the techniques作表语；3) that引导的定语从句修饰techniques。【拓展】 动词不定式还可以作状语、宾语、宾语补足语。That way you would be practising reading in English as well as studying biology。通过那种方法你就会既训练了英语阅读并且又学习了生物学。【剖析】1)would表示婉转的推测意向，意思为“大概是、似乎是、可能是”。2)that way在句中作状语，省略了介词in。3)as well as为连词词组，连接并列宾语。【拓展】 this/that way常在句中直接作状语。I find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time. I prefer to keep changing activities。我认为长时间坐着并专心于任何事情令人厌烦.我更喜欢不断变换活动。【剖析】 1) it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to sit and concentrate.；tiresome作宾语补足语.2) keeping doing sth.表示“不停地做某事”。【拓展】 动词不定式后面如果有宾语补足语，此时常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。语法剖析活用虚拟语气本单元复习虚拟语气，其基本规则如下:虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词过去式(be动词用were)should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设动词过去式/were to+动词原形/should+动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法很常用，也比较重要，注意以下情况：1.在demand/order/require/request/insist/suggest/propose/advise/urge/intend/recommend等表示“建议、命令、要求、愿望”等词后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气.从句中的谓语动词用(should)+do形式。注意: 1) 当suggest表示“暗示；表明”，insist表示“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气，应用陈述语气. 2) 在suggestion，proposal，order，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中常用虚拟语气.从句中的谓语动词用(should)+do形式。2.在 wish/even if/as if/would rather等后的从句中常用虚拟语气.从句中的谓语动词用过去时。【活学活用】8.单项填空1) He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.A. had scored B. scoredC. would score D. would have scored答案：D根据otherwise可以判定要用虚拟语气，对过去发生的事情的假设要用would have scored。2) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in hometown.A. wouldnt have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall答案：B 根据句意和I would be doing可以判定这是虚拟语气.at the age of seven是表示过去的时间状语，从句中的谓语要用had not fallen表示对过去情况的假设。3) How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had 答案：B wish后接宾语从句，主句表示现在时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时。4) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken答案：C as if 后面的从句要用过去时，此处是对现在的情况假设，故用一般过去时。5) You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.A. drove；di