河南省鹤壁市综合高中高考英语作文复习专题2.doc

河南省鹤壁市综合高中2013年高考英语作文复习专题2第一讲 高考英语作文高分技巧-十句作文法需要指出的是所谓十句作文并非一定10句，从很多考生的高分来分析，句子数量在8句至12句(依句子长短和结构不同而不同)。如以每个句子平均1015个单词计算，便能用812个句子完成一篇要求10120的作文。其基本模式为：主题句 句 1第一段开头扩展句 句 2主题句 句 1第一段正文扩展句 句 2扩展句 句 3扩展句 句 4扩展句 句 5扩展句 句 6扩展句 句 7扩展句 句 8扩展句 句 9第三段 结尾句 句10结尾第一段为开头，包括两句。第一句为主题句，必须提出，通过问题点明全文主题；第二句为扩展句，须进一步说明和支持主题句。或是将关系倒过来，由第一句说明情况，第二句提出问题。第二段为正文，共七句。第一句(句3)为主题句，提出本段的主题，它应与第一段的主题相关和一致。第二句至第七句(句4一句7)为扩展句，说明和支持本段的主题。句与句之间要注意运用好过渡使段落逻辑合理，结构得当。第三段为结尾，简化为一句，也是全文的总结句，它将前面内容总结为一结果，表明自己的论点。三段之间的连接要灵活运用“启、承、转、合”的连接过渡手段。例如：example 1television television presents a vivid world in front of us. (1)(主题句)through tv, we can learn what is happening half way across the world. (2)(扩展句) television also plays an important educational role in our daily life. (3)(主题句) for one thing, the tv university provides an opportunity for many young men who can not go to formal universities. (4)(扩展句) for another, children can broaden their scope of knowledge by watching such popular programs as the animal world, and the mickey mouse and duck donald. (5)(扩展句) besides, women can learn about the latest fashion of dresses and the best recipe for making fruit cakes. (6)(扩展句) furthermore, we learn many world advanced technologies from tv programs such as computer and telecommunication. (7)(扩展句) and also we can learn singing, dancing and doing physical exercises in some special tv training courses.(8)(扩展句) in short, the effect of tvs educational role is becoming more and moreobvious. (9)(扩展句) having viewed these several aspects, and with many more tv program being produced,i believe that our life will become even more significant. (10)(总结句) 1本文是一篇典型的十句作文，主题句“television presents a vivid world in front of us”点明了文章的主题，其他句子均围绕它进行扩展。扩展句（句29）内容详实，结束句（句10）总结性和概括性很强。整篇文章层次清晰，充分体现了十句作文法的特点。 2较好地使用了大量的连接词，如for one thing, for another, besides, furthermore, and also等，另外，in short的使用也使结论更加清晰，概括更加明了。 3最后的总结句富有创意，利用分词短语的形式把上下文连贯起来，体现了作者对英文句式的灵活应用，避免了一般性的概括语，很有特点。 4使用了较高级的词汇句型，不单调，像宾语从句（what is happening halfway across the world, our life will become more significant）,宾语从句（who can not go to formal university）,分词短语（by watching，for making fruit cakes, having viewed these aspects），重点短语（plays an important educational role, providefor），高级单词（present, broaden, scope）和with复合结构（with many more tv programs produced）等，这些都极大地提升了文章的档次。 使用十句作文法，首先要仔细审题，确定文章的中心问题。主题句的表达特别重要，然后才能围绕中心进行扩展，使意图明确。扩展句一定要具体详细，不可太空、太泛，不要对与要求无关的内容进行随意发挥，更不可为了表现英语水平而写出文不对题的句子，画蛇添足。example 2changes in peoples diet there have been some changes nowadays in the diet of the chinese. there have been some changes nowadays in the diet of the chinese. (1)(主题句) for example, grain, the main food of most people in china, is now playing a less important role, while the consumption of high-nutrition food such as milk, meat has increased. (2) (扩展句) the changes in diet can be accounted for by a number of factors. (3) (主题句)first, people are much wealthier than before. (4) (扩展句) with a higher income, they can afford to buy good foods which, in the past, were rarely seen on the dinner tables of ordinary families. (5) (扩展句) another factor is that people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. (6) (扩展句) lack of certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result in poor health. (7) (扩展句) finally, owing to the economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities. (8) (扩展句) for all those reasons, what was formerly called the basket of vegetables has become that of varied foods. (9) (扩展句) to sum up, insignificant as those changes may seem, they are the signs of the improved economic condition in china, and we believe that as the effort in the modernization movement continues, there will be greater changes in peoples diet in the future. (10) (总结句) 书面表达应试步骤： 1审题确定格式、体裁、时态、人称等写作要点。 2列出提纲，确定开头句、扩展句和总结句，选择好适宜的句型。 3、利用一些关联词或者过渡句把句子有机地连接起来，必要时可适当增加细节。 4、仔细检查，适当修改，保证句子结构完整，要点齐全，人称时态主谓一致。 5认真誊写，卷面整洁。第二讲 五种基本句型： 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下基本句型一：s十v主谓结构 在这个句型中的动词是不及物的行为动词, 不能带宾语. 这种动词表示主语的行为动作, 意义基本完整, 所以不再需要宾语. 这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。不及物动词没有被动语态形式. 在这个句型中, 谓语后面有时不再附加任何成分, 而大多数情况下有状语性质的修饰语. 这种修饰语可以由副词, 介词短语, 不定式短语, 分词短语以及从句等来担任. 例如:. tom正在等待 _. 小tom正在桌子旁等待_. 3) 他停了下来 _. 4) 他停下来看了一下 _. 5) 小男孩站在那里，行乞 _. 6) 父母已经去世的那个小男孩站在那里行乞 _. 7). 事故是昨天晚上发生的 _.基本句型二:s十v十p主系表结构在本句型中, 由系动词及表语构成表性状的复合谓语, 说明主语的身份, 特征, 性质, 状态等. 英语中除了最常见的系动词be以外, 还有表示感官的连系动词look, feel, sound, taste, smell等; 表示变化的连系动词get, turn, become, grow, fall, come等; 表示状态的连系动词keep, remain, stay, continue, seem等. 例如:我们是中国人 _.2）他很像他父亲 _.3) 我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚。_.4). 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_.5).春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和_6).不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。_.7). 这个事实证明是正确的。_.基本句型三: s十v十o主谓宾结构本句型中的及物动词同样也为行为动词, 表明一个具体实在的动作, 但其本身所表示的意义并不完整, 需要有一个宾语, 才能表达一个完整的概念. 例如:we have a tv set. you may use my pen. i will use hers.he doesnt like the first. he likes the third.这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如：1) 我昨天看了一部电影。_.2）这些孩子他们照看得很好。_学生们正在操场上打篮球 _我刚开始不喜欢英语 _他很爱他的父母 _我们都应该爱我们的祖国 _基本句型四: s十v十o1十o2 主谓双宾结构，o1间接宾语；o2直接宾语有些动词后面, 可以有两个宾语, 这个宾语一个指人, 一个指物, 指人的叫间接宾语, 表示动作的方向和目标; 指物的叫直接宾语, 表示动作的承受者, 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前. 并不是所有得动词都能用于此句型。除以上两词外，能用于此句型的动词主要有两大类: (1) bring, give, sell, show, take, tell, throw, write等；(2) buy, find, get, leave, make, save, choose等。例如:she brought me some fruit. can you do us a favour?这两个句子中的间接宾语都可以变成介词短语放在直接宾语后面. 例如:she