辽宁省沈阳市第二十一中学高中英语 Module 4 Fine Arts Western Chinese and Pop Grammar课件 外研版必修2.ppt

module4finearts western chineseandpoparts grammar 动名词 the ingform 和不定式 infinitive 都能作宾语 用动名词还是用不定式要受前边的动词限制 一 只能接动名词作宾语 常见的动词有 avoid admit advise consider delay enjoy finish forbid giveup imagine keep mind miss practise permit resist risk suggest等 例如 iamconsideringchangingmyplan wedon tpermitsmokingherebutyouareallowedtosmokehere 二 只能接不定式的动词有 要求 希望 想要一类的动词 如 hope wish expect intend 想要 ask demand 同意一类的动词 如 agree promise 愿不愿意一类的动词 如 care 愿意 refuse等 决定 企图一类的动词 如 determine decide offer attempt manage hesitate等 外加plan pretend fail 三 即可接不定式 又可接动名词 意思上无多大差别的有 begin start love hate continue need require want like 别外require want 需要 need这三个词都表示 需要 指客观事物需要 时 虽接不定式和动名词意义上无区别 但动名词用主动形式 不定式用被动形式 例如 thedesksneedrepairing thedesksneedtoberepaired 四 接不定式和接动名词意义上有很大差别 常见的有 remember forget regret try mean 这些动词还可分为两类 remember forget regret是接动名词和不定式含义不同 regret try和mean是因本身词义的不同 分别要求接不定式或动名词 例如 irememberlockingthedoor remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave 剩下的可按以下口诀来记 想要干 同意办 愿不愿意 别假扮 问问看 一旦决定 尽量干 theydecidedtodotheexperimentagain tomfailedtopasstheexamination suggestedanswers p35 theverbsthatcanbefollowedbythe ingform like enjoy hate dislike love theverbsthatcanbefollowedbytheinfinitive like decide hope agree hate love plan refuse aim attempt promise learn 不定式 不定式属于非限定动词 它除了不能作谓语外 在句中可以充当任何成分 不定式可以作主语 表语 宾语 补语 定语和状语 下面说说作目的状语和宾语的情况 不定式在句中作目的状语 常译成 为了 不定式一般放在被修饰词之后 但为了强调目的也可放在句首 为了加强语气 不定式前还可加上inorder或soas 即构成短语 inorderto soasto weshoulddowhateverwecantohelpthem wegotupearlyinordertocatchtheschoolbus wetookanumbrellasoasnottogetwet 不定式在句中作宾语 能以不定式作宾语的动词有很多 如 agree aim attempt begin decide expect forget hope learn like manage pretend seem try start want wish等 popartaimedtoshowordinarytwentieth centurycitylife ihopetoseeyouagain hedecidedtotakepartinthesportsmeetintheend 注意 动词不定式由 to 动词原形 构成 它的否定形式为 notto 动词原形 hecametoschoolbytaxithismorningsoasnottobelateagain 2 有些动词常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语 例如 teach remember advise show know forget learn understand see hear findout explain decide discuss等 canyoutellmehowtogettothestation theyhaven tdecidedwhentoleavesofar 动词的 ing形式 动词的 ing形式是一种非限定动词 从性质上讲 动词的 ing形式相当于名词 形容词或副词 因此在句中可作主语 表语 宾语 宾补或状语 动词 ing形式作主语 paintingisdifficultforme ithinkdrawingisaloteasier 动词 ing形式作表语 seeingisbelieving myfavoritehobbyisjogging 动词 ing形式作介词宾语 thankyouforhelpingmewithmyenglish thenewstudentsareusedtogettingupearly 动词 ing形式作状语时常表示时间 原因 条件 方式或伴随状态 动词 ing形式的完成式用 having 过去分词 表示 它所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前 在句中主要表示时间和原因 havingworkedthereforthirtyyears haydnmovedtolondon havingturnedoffthetv tombegantoreadnewspaper havingbeentothegreatwallmanytimes ididn tgothereyesterday 注意 动词的 ing形式作主语 有时也可用于 itis ing形式 结构 it作形式主语 作真正主语的动词的 ing形式放在句末 itisnousetalkingtoomuch it snicetalkingtoyou 2 不要把作表语的动词 ing形式与进行时态相混淆 动词 ing形式作表语表示主语的某种特征 而进行时态则表示正在进行的动作 myfavoritesportisskating 我所喜爱的运动时滑冰 i mskatingontheicenow 我正在冰面上滑冰 3 介词to常会与不定式中的to香混淆 在此提醒注意 常见的含有介词to的短语有 beusedto cometo devoteto getdownto leadto lookforwardto payattentionto referto stickto等 i mlookingforwardtomeetingyou afterashortrest hegotdowntodoinghishomework 1 ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish mycar a repairingb repairc torepaird repaired a 2 it snogood oversplitmilk a tocryb cryingc criedd cry b 3 haveyouforgotten 1000frommelastmonth willyoupleaseremember ittomorrow a borrowing tobringb toborrow bringc borrowed bringingd borrowing bringing a 4 theclassroomwants a cleanb cleanedc tocleand cleaning d 5 jacksaidthathewouldn tmind forus a towaitb waitc waitingd waited c 6 mybrotherkeeps mewithmywork a tohelpb helpc helpingd helped c 7 weshouldoftenpractice englishwitheachother a tospeakb spokec speakd speaking d 8 keepon andyouwillsucceed a atryb tryc totryd trying d 9 hisparentsinsiston tocollege a heshouldgob hegoc hisgoingd himtogo c 10 providesuswithessentialnutrients while providesuswithoxygen a toeat breathingb eating tobreathec eating breathingd eaten breathed c 11 heattendedthepartywithout a invitedb invitingc havinginvitedd beinginvited d 12 marywasunhappyfor thefirstchancetogoabroad a nothavingbeengivenb nothavinggivenc notgivingd havingbeengiven a 2012安徽高考 iremembered thedoorbeforeilefttheoffice butforgottoturnoffthelights lockingtolockhavinglockedtohavelocked a 2012安徽高考 when forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding a askingb askedc havingaskedd tobeasked b 2012全国高考i thepartywillbeheldinthegarden weather a permittingb topermitc permittedd permit a 2012全国高考i filmhasamuchshorterhistory especiallywhen suchartformsasmusicandpainting a havingcomparedtob comparingtoc comparetod comparedto d 2012北京高考 onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand them a correctsb