2016专题十状语从句和并列句常考点.doc

专题十状语从句和并列句常考点状语从句是一项较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。状语从句中从属连词when，while，as的多种含义 when：当时候；就在那时；既然；虽然；在之后；as：一边一边；随着；虽然；因为；依照，如；while：在期间；而；虽然。用when，while和as填空：He will take my place _ I am away.I was having my lunch _ the fire alarm went off._ you have finished your work，you may have a rest._ he swam，he cried for help._ the Internet is of great help，I dont think it good to spend too much time on it.as引导让步状语从句 as引导让步状语从句时要倒装，若是倒装，需将所强调的成分即名词(句首名词不能有任何冠词)、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。注though引导状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，although不能引起倒装。as，though，although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but，但可以和still，yet连用。完成下列句子：_(虽然他是个孩子)，he knows what is the right thing to do._(虽然他工作很努力)，he never seemed able to do the work satisfactorily._(虽然你可能失败)，you should never give up.before的用法 注意判断before在状语从句中的含义：才；就；趁没有；还没来得及；宁可也不；不知不觉。1. 判断下列各句中before的含义：()We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. ()We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. ()Please write it down before you forget it.()Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.()She would die before shed give in.()Three months went by before we knew it. 2. 区别以下句型：用before，that，since，when填空：Its three days _ he returned home.It was three days_ he returned home.It will be three days_ he returns home.It was three days later _ he returned home.It was three oclock _ he returned. 注解答此类题目关键有三点：首先要确定是不是强调句，当我们把it is/was以及连接词去掉时，剩余部分若能构成一个完整的句子，就是强调句，这时连词用that；否则，就要考虑它的句式特点。其次要看是时间段还是时间点。再次是连接词前后的时态。当确定为时间段时，连接词前后时态不一致，用since；时态一致，用before；当确定为时间点时，强调句就用that，否则就用when。where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系 where引导定语从句时，相当于in/at/to which；where引导状语从句时，相当于in/at/to the place where.如：Please make a mark in the place where you have a question.(定语从句)Please make a mark where you have a question.(状语从句)He lives in the quiet small village _ I worked ten years ago.He lives in _ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World.He lives in the place _ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World.Mum，what did your doctor say?He advised me to live _ the air is fresher.A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where_ others are weak，he is strong.A. Where B. In the place C. Which D. Whileunless的用法 unless意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if.not。Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees，but _ they have eggs or young chicks，they dont use a nest.A. why B. how C. unless D. whereYou must keep on working in the evening，_ you are sure you can finish the task in time.A. as B. if C. when D. unlessWe wont keep winning games _ we keep playing well.A. because B. unless C. when D. whileIn time of serious accidents，_-we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.A. whether B. until C. if D. unlessso.that.和 such.that.引导结果状语从句的区别 so形容词/副词that.so形容词a(n)名词that.sucha(n)形容词名词that.such形容词不可数名词/可数名词的复数that.注so/such.that.放在句首时要倒装。完成下列句子：He is such a good teacher that we all respect him.He is _ that we all respect him.So _ that we all respect him.Such _ that we all respect him.He made _ rapid progress that the teacher praised him.He made _ much progress that the teacher praised him.注意句型：表示目的状语的几种表达：He got up early to catch the early bus.He got up early in order to catch the early bus.He got up early so as to catch the early bus.He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.His humour was such as to make us all laugh.He was so humourous as to make us all laugh.“一就”的表达法 “一就”的表达法有：as soon as，hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner.than.，the moment/minute/second/instant，immediately/instantly/directly，on/uponn./doing。完成下列句子：他一到达车站，汽车就发动了。_(连词) he arrived at the station，the bus started._(连词) had he arrived at the station when the bus started._(连词) had he arrived at the station than the bus started._(副词) he arrived at the station，the bus started._(名词) he arrived at the station，the bus started._(介词) his arrival at the station，the bus started.注意倍数的表达 倍数放在形容词或副词的原级、比较级或名词前。如：This river is three times longer than that one.This river is three times as long as that one.This river is three times the length of that one.I have twice as many books as he has.I have twice as much money as he has.完成下列句子：这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。The room is _ _ _ as that one.The room is _ _ than that one.The room is _ _ _ of that one.The income of this year is twice _ of last year.The income of this year is twice _ it was last year.until / till的用法 until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。如：Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 注否定句可用另外两种句式表示。肯定句：She _ (sleep) until midnight. 否定句：She _ (arrive)until midnight.He didnt go to bed until he finished his work. _(倒装句)_(强调句)状语从句中的常用连词和特殊连词 从句类型常用连接词特殊连接词时间状语从句when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，as soon as一些时间名词：the moment，the instant，the minute，the day，next time，every time，the first time，the last time一些副词：instantly，immediately，directly固定搭配的连词：no sooner.than，hardly/scarcely.when地点状语从句where wherever，anywhere原因状语从句because，since，as，forseeing that，considering that，given that，in that，now that，for the reason that目的状语从句(so) that，in order thatlest，for fear that，in case结果状语从句so/such.that，so thatto the/such a degree that，to the/such an extent that条件状语从句if，unless，as long assuppose，supposing，providing，provided，on condition that让步状语从句although，though，even though，even ifwhile(一般用于句首)，as(用于倒装结构)，wheverno matter wh，whether.or.比较状语从句as，thanthe more.，the more.方式状语从句as，as if/thoughthe (same) way，A is to B what C is to DMy parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _ there is a power out.A. if B. unless C. in case D. so thatMy parents dont mind what job I do _ I am happy.A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though状语从句的省略现象 当when，while，if，unless，as，though，as if，as though等引导时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句时，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或虽不一致，是it)，从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语be”部分。if，unless，when，though，once，as if 等连词后用ing表示主动，ed表示被动；as if 后如表示目的，则用to do表示。注after，before，since，without后接being done表示被动。完成下列句子：_(如果有必要的话)，Ill explain to you again.Although _(lack) money，they sent their children to school.When _(complete)，the hall can hold 2，000 people.He stopped as if _(see) if someone followed him.however和whatever引导状语从句的区别 however后接形容词或副词，相当于no matter how；而whatever后接名词，相当于no matter what。用however，whatever填空：_ difficult it may be，you shouldnt give up._ difficulties you may come across，you shouldnt give up._ many difficulties you may come across，you shouldnt give up.You can dress _ you like.You can wear _ you like.并列连词 表示转折对比关系的并列连词：The car is old，(and/but) yet it is in good condition.The car is old，but it is in good condition.The car is old. However(NeverthelessStill)，it is in good condition.注but不与 although 连用，但 yet，still 可与 although 连用。for常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，常位于两个并列句中间，不可位于句首。Unlike watching TV，reading is a highly active process _it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.A. until B. but C. unless D. forThe old teacher found it increasingly difficult to read，_ her eyesight was beginning to fail.A. and B. for C. but D. orShe is seriously ill，_ she doesnt give up hope.A. though B. but C. still D. however高考典范1. (2014江苏卷)Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. A. though B. as C. since D. unless2. (2014天津卷)_ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.A. Unless B. Although C. Before D. Once3. (2014重庆卷)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her.A. until B. when C. although D. where4. (2014北京卷)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places.A. so B. or C. for D. but5. (2014陕西卷)The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since6. (2013江苏卷)In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，_ it is discovered，will create many economic possibilities around the world.A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever7. (2013北京卷)Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.A. when B. which C. whose D. where8. (2013 全国新课标卷)I was glad to meet Jenny again，_ I didnt want to spend all day with her.A. but B. and C. so D. or9. (2013山东卷)Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.A. unless B. until C. although D. since10. (2012重庆卷)Coach，can I continue with the training?Sorry，you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injury.A. until B. before C. as D. unless巩固练习1. The dog，if _，will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properly B. being trained properlyC. properly to train D. trained properly2. How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived here?A. when B. before C. after D. since3. How long did the meeting last yesterday afternoon?It was almost supper time_ the meeting was over.A. that B. until C. when D. which4. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely，_ she was an only child.A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as5. Many adults agree that teenagers shouldnt live alone _ they have their parents permission.A. if B. unless C. in case D. now that6. You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.A. before B. once C. until D. though7. Though _ of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.A. warning B. to warn C. warn D. warned8. He had hardly reached the airport _ he started for his destination.A. where B. after C. since D. when9. _ peoples life is getting better and better，there is a growing demand for petrol all over the world.A. Though B. When C. While D. As10. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down.A. when B. until C. that D. where11. The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit，_ the season.A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however12. _ well prepared you are，you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.A. However B. Whatever C. No matter D. Although13. How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen?A. even if B. unless C. in case D. when14. Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after15. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps.A. while B. when C. since D. after16. It was some time later _ we realized the truth.A. until B. before C. that D. since17. The doctor advised me to live _ it is warm and a bit humid for the sake of my pneumonia.A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where18. Dad，Ive finished my assignment.Good，and _ you play or watch TV，you mustnt disturb me.A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter19. _ we cant remove our troubles in life forever，we can leave them behind when we are on vacation.A. When B. While C. Unless D. Until20. Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A. before B. when C. that D. until21. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.A. the first time B. for the first time C. at the first time D. by the first time22. The two military exercise were similar _ they were both intended to give a threat to a certain country. A. to what B. for which C. in that D. except that23. I want to sell my car _ it is running. A. before B. while C. once D. if24. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when25. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. A. no matter B. however C. even if D. whether26. He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work.A. when B. before C. since D. that27. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.A. that B.