四级英语素材.docx

) quite 相当 quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结果, 影响3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行4) angel 天使 angle 角度5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记6) contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争, 比赛7) principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下, 血统 descend v 向下12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近14) costume 服装 custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的17) abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓22) beam 梁， 光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式23) precede 领先 proceed 进行，继续24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉29) clash (金属)幢击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物31) confirm 确认 conform 使顺从32) contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照33) council 议会 counsel 忠告 consul 领事34) crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛35) dose 一剂药 doze 打盹36) drawn draw 过去分词 drown 溺水37) emigrant 移民到国外 immigrant 从某国来的移民38) excess n 超过 exceed v超过 excel 擅长39) hotel 青年旅社 hostel 旅店40) latitude 纬度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激41) immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的42) lone 孤独的 alone 单独的 lonely 寂寞的43) mortal 不死的 metal 金属 mental 神经的 medal勋章 model 模特meddle 玩弄44) scare 惊吓 scarce 缺乏的45) drought 天旱 draught 通风, 拖拉 draughts (英)国际跳棋47) assure 保证 ensure 使确定 insure 保险48) except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 选录 exempt 免除49) floor 地板 flour 面粉50) incident 事件 accident 意外51) inspiration 灵感 aspiration 渴望52) march 三月, 前进 match 比赛53) patent 专利 potent 有力的 potential 潜在的54) police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治55) protest 抗议 protect 保护56) require 需要 inquire 询问 enquire 询问 acquire 获得67) revenge 报仇 avenge 为.报仇68) story 故事 storey 楼层 store 商店69) strike 打 stick 坚持 strict 严格的70) expand 扩张 expend 花费 extend 延长71) commerce 商业 commence 开始72) through 通过 thorough 彻底的 (al)though 尽管 thought think 过去分词73) purpose 目的 suppose 假设 propose 建议74) expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 视察 suspect 怀疑75) glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落76) steal 偷 steel 钢77) strive 努力 stride 大步走78) allusion 暗示 illusion 幻觉 delusion 错觉 elusion 逃避79) prospect 前景 perspective 透视法80) stationery 文具 stationary 固定的81) loose 松的 lose 丢失 loss n 损失 lost lose过去式82) amend 改正, 修正 emend 校正83) amoral unmoral immoral 同义 不道德的84) capitol 大厦 capital 首都85) casual 随便的 causal 表原因的86) extend 延伸 extent 长度 extant 现存的87) inability 没能力 disability 残疾88) personnel 人事 personal 个人的89) statue 塑像 statute 法令 stature 身长 status 地位90) widow 寡妇 window 窗户91) socks 短袜 stockings 长筒袜92) tax 税 taxi 出租93) definite 不定的 infinite 无限的94) grim 严酷的 grime 污点95) crayon 蜡笔 canyon 山谷96) recent 最近 resent 生气97) phrase 短语 phase 阶段98) mission 使命 emission 散发, 发射 mansion 大厦99) vision 视觉 version 译本100) gasp 上气不接下气 grasp 抓住101) delicate 微妙的 dedicate 献身101) idle 空闲的 idol 偶像102) induce 促使,劝诱 deduce 推测 reduce 减少 seduce 诱使103) lapse 流逝 elapse 消逝 eclipse 日食104) rude 粗鲁的 crude 天然的105) source 水源 sauce 酱油 saucer 茶托 resource 资源 recourse 求援106) sled (儿童)雪橇 sledge 雪橇107) stripe 条纹 strip 条 trip 旅行108) vocation 职业 vacation 假期 evocation 召集 revocation 撤回109) ardor 热情 adore 崇拜 adorn 装饰110) area 区域 era 时代111) resemble 象. assemble v 集合,装配 assembly n 集合, 装配112) assume 假定 resume 恢复113) attain 达到 obtain 获得 abstain 放弃114) award 授予 reward 奖赏115) baggage (American English) luggage 行李116) badge 徽章 bandage 绷带117) blade 刀刃 bald 秃的 bold 大胆118) bloom 开花 blossom 开花(结果实) bosom 胸口119)blush 脸红 flush 发红(脸)120) bride 新娘 bribe 贿赂121) growl 咆哮 howl 狼叫122) depress 使沮丧 suppress 镇压 oppress 压迫123) dime 一角 dim 暗淡的124) dizzy 眼花缭乱 dazzle 使眼花125) brown 褐色 brow 眼眉 blow 打击126) bullet 子弹 bulletin 公告127) carton 纸板盒 cartoon 动画128) chivalry 骑士精神 cavalry 骑兵队129) collar 领子 cellar 地窖 color 颜色130) vanish 消失 evanish 使消失131) intrude 入侵 extrude 逐出 detrude 推下132) contort 扭弯 distort 弄弯 retort 反驳133) eminent 杰出的 imminent 逼近的134) decline 下降 recline 放置 incline 倾斜135) exclaim 呼喊 proclaim 宣布 acclaim 欢呼 declaim 朗诵136) edict 法令 indict 控告137) perfuse 泼洒 profuse 浪费的138) reject 拒绝 eject 逐出 inject 注射 deject 使沮丧139) literacy 识字 literary 文学的 literature 文学 literal 文字的140) median 中央的,中线的 medium 媒体141) expel 驱逐 repel 反击 impel 推动 dispel 驱散142) rip 撕 ripe 熟的143) wench 绞车 wrench 扭伤144) confidant 知己 confident 有信心的145) dine 吃饭 diner 吃饭人 dinning n 吃饭 dinner 晚饭146) dreg 渣滓 drag 拖拉147) faint 失去知觉 feint 佯攻148) imprudence 轻率 impudence 无耻149) specie 硬币 species 种类150) hanger 钩子 hangar 棚厂 hunger 饥饿151) suite 一(宾馆套房) suit一套衣服any day now -soonapproach sb -talk to sbbe fed up with - be out of patience withbe on ones own - live independentlybe on the safe side - take no chancesabove all - most importantlyaccount for - explainas a matter of fact - in fact ,to speak the truthas a rule - generally ;normallyabout to - be ready to;be on the point of doing somethingan old hand - be an experienced persombe out of something - have no longer in supplybe tired of - be bored with ,frustrated withbe up to onesears - be extremely busybe up to someone -be a persons responsibilitybe out for -trying to getbe out of the question - be unacceptable ,impossiblebite off more than one can chew - take on more than one can handlebreak down - cease to functionbreak the ice - begin to be friendly wuth people one doesnt knowbreak the news - inform or give bad newsbrush up on - imporve noes knowledge of something through studybump into - meet unexpectedlyby and large - in generalby heart - by memoryby all means - absolutely ,definitelyby no means - in no waycall off -cancelcheer up - be happycome down with - become sick withcome into -receive,especially after anothers deathcome up with - think ofcount on - depend uponcount out - eliminatedie down - become quiet ,become lessdo without - manage without somethingdrop by - visit informally; pay a short visit every other - alternatefall behind - lag; fail to accomplish something on timefall through - fail to happen or be completedfar cry form - completely different from;a long wayfeel like - have a desire or wish forfeel up to - feel well enough to or be capabele offew and far between - not happening often; ratefigure out - determine; reason out by thinkingfill in for -take anothers placefill sb.in - tell what sb. should knowfish out of water - out of ones element or natural environmentflying colors -success,victoryfor good - permanently; foreverfor the time being - for now; temporarilyget away with - escape without punishmentget rid of - give something away; sell, destroy, or throw away somethingget the ball rolling - start something; make a beginningget the hang of - understand; learnhard to come by - difficult to obtainhave a heart - have kind feelings; be understandinghave a hunch - have an idea based on feelings rather than reasonhold off - delay;postponehop to it - get started on something quicklyhit it off - get along well with someoneill at ease - uncomfortablein hot water - in troublein the air -uncertainin the dark - keep someone without knowdge; information from somenoein the lone run - looking toward the future; eventuallyins and outs - all the details; the various parts and difficulties to be seeniron out - remove the difficulties or find an answer forjump to conclusions - arrive too quickly at a decision or opinionkeep an eye on - watch closelykeep onesfingers crossed - wish that nothing goes wrongkeep on ones toes - be ready for action; preparedknock oneself out - make a great effortlearn the ropes - learn the rules and routines of a place or activitylittle by little -graduallymake ends meet - to get just enough money for noes needsmake out - manage;get alongmean to - intentional; on purposemight as well - to have no strong reson not tohang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing somethinghard to come by - difficult to obtainhave a heart - have kind feelings; be understandinghave a hunch - have an idea based on feelings rather than reasonhold off - delay;postponehop to it - get started on something quicklyhit it off - get along well with someoneill at ease - uncomfortablein hot water - in troublein the air -uncertainin the dark - keep someone without knowdge; information from somenoein the lone run - looking toward the future; eventuallyins and outs - all the details; the various parts and difficulties to be seeniron out - remove the difficulties or find an answer forjump to conclusions - arrive too quickly at a decision or opinionkeep an eye on - watch closelykeep onesfingers crossed - wish that nothing goes wrongkeep on ones toes - be ready for action; preparedknock oneself out - make a great effortlearn the ropes - learn the rules and routines of a place or activitylittle by little -graduallymake ends meet - to get just enough money for noes needsmake out - manage;get alongmean to - intentional; on purposemight as well - to have no strong reson not togive a hand - helpgo without saying - understood; clear without needing to be statedgo off -begin to ringhang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing something1) share a common outlook 有共同的观点2) lost count 弄不清楚3) be in another world 精神恍惚;魂不守舍4) make yourself at home 随意，随便5) save your breath 省口气吧;别白费口舌了6) make sense 有意义，理解7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵8) burn a hole in ones pocket 很快地被花光9) fill ones shoes 很好地顶替;令人满意地替代10)is ice cold 表示理所当然11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物13)lose ones train of 忘记14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步15)on the dot 准时;正点16)once and for all 最后一次;干脆17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围18)out of this world 非常好19)play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟Matter of fact 实事求是， 以事实为依据Respectful 表示尊敬的， 有礼貌的, 谦恭的Wonder 奇迹， 惊讶, 难以置信的Affection(affectionate) 深情的， 亲切的, 挚爱的Amusement(amusing) 有趣的， 使人发笑的, 消遣的, 愉快的Approval(disapproval) 赞成的， 满意的 (不以为然的, 不赞成的, 非难的)Reverence(irreverence) 虔诚的， 表示尊敬的, 充满崇敬心的 (不敬的, 不逊的, 无礼的)favorable adj.赞成的， 有利的, 赞许的, 良好的enthusiastic adj.狂热， 热心, 积极性supportive adj.支持的，支援的defensive 为而辩护objection /opposition 反对detestation/ hatred n.憎恶， 厌恶的人, 嫌恶Personal(impersonal) 人性的， 涉及隐私的, 私人的, (客观的, 和个人无关的, 没有人情味的, 非人的)indignation 愤慨contempt n.轻视， 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬compromising n.妥协， 折衷v.妥协， 折衷worried adj. 闷闷不乐的，焦虑的Formal(informal) 正式， 礼仪, 拘谨 (非正式, 不拘礼, 通俗)Disappointment 使人失望的， 令人沮丧的,Sarcasm(sarcastic) 讽刺的， 讥讽的Persuasive(convincing) 令人信服的， 有力的, 使人心悦诚服的Indifferent 漠不关心的， 不重要的, 冷淡的Condemnation(condemnable) 该受责备的， 可非难的, 该罚的Apologetic 道歉的， 急于认错的, 辩护的Frustrated 挫折的， 挫败的, 无益的Contemptuous 轻蔑的， 鄙视的, 瞧不起人的Cynical 愤世嫉俗的， 讽刺的, 冷嘲的Pitying 怜悯的， 遗憾的, 同情的Bitter(bitterness) 痛苦的， 怀恨的 (悲痛, 怨恨)Factual 事实的， 实际的Humorous 富幽默感的， 滑稽的, 诙谐的Inventive 善于创造的， 发明的Self-righteous 自以为是的Insincere 不诚实的， 无诚意的, 伪善的Matter-of-fact 事实的， 实际的, 事务性的, 平淡的Stick to established facts 坚持已确立的观点Impatient 不耐烦的， 着急的, 急切的Pleasure 心情舒畅的， 愉悦的Anxious to please 焦虑地讨好， 渴望地取悦Seriously 严肃地， 认真地Up-to-date 最近的， 跟上时代的Paradoxical and witty 似非而是的诙谐， 矛盾的妙语, 诡论的机智Unforgiving 不可饶恕的， 不可原谅的Professionally scientific 专于科学的， 专业从事科学的Argumentative 好辩的 学生场景freshman 大一学生sophomore 大学二年级生, 有二年经验的junior student 大三学生senior student 大四学生，高年级学生undergraduate student 本科生graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生masters degree 硕士学位bachelors degree 学士学位doctor student / doctor candidate 博士研究生post doctor student 博士后alumni / alumnus 校友 老师场景professor 教授teaching fellow 讲师tutor/mentor / director / super visor 导师dean 系主任department 系president 校长staff 全体员工(商店、企业)faculty 全体教职员工 上课、选课、听讲座、听报告场景take the course 选课drop the course 退课register 注册sign up for the course 选课Pick up = learncancel 取消full 报满selective course / elective course / optional course 选修课requirement / required course / compulsory 必修课lecture 讲座seminar 讨论班credit 学分introductory course 初级课程advanced course 高级课程math 数学computer course 计算机psychology course 心理学physics 物理学economics 经济学computer science 计算机科学sociology 社会学geology 地质学chemistry 化学biology 生物学biochemistry 生物化学science 理科art 文科 作业场景homework / assignment / projectbook report 读书报告presentation 课堂发言reading list 书单turn in / hand in hand 上交deadline 最后期限due 到期extension 延期paper 论文 / essay 小论文term paper 学期报告thesis 毕业论文proposal 开题报告 考试场景Exammid-term exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试quiz 测验pop quiz 不提前通知的考试grade / score 分数pass 及格passing grade 及格分failing grade 失败GPA 平均绩点make up exam 补考cheat 作弊 图书馆场景shelf 书架stack 书库reading room 阅览室reference room 参考书阅览室periodical room 期刊阅览室copier 复印机study lounge 自习室librarian 图书馆长, 图书管理员catalogue 书目index 索引volume 卷，宗library card 借书卡writing permission 书面许可book reservation 借书check out 外借over due 超期renew 续借fine 罚款return 还书put on reserve 被限制在馆内阅读magazine 杂志journal 期刊periodical 期刊quarterly 季刊current issue 现刊back issue 过刊latest number 最新一期author 作者subject 题目title 名字key words 关键字 餐馆restaurant 餐馆dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助餐厅bar 酒吧inn 小旅馆，小客栈motel 汽车旅馆fast food 快餐店snack food 小吃snack bar 快餐店subway 赛百味sandwich 三明治bread talks 面包新语pizza hut 必胜客hamburger 汉堡burger king 汉堡王pub 酒吧French restaurant 法式餐厅Italian restaurant意式餐厅place 餐馆 食品buffet 自助餐salad 沙拉soup 汤eat soup 喝汤soup spoon 汤匙table manners 饭桌礼仪sauce 汁，酱dessert 甜点main dish 主菜pudding 布丁dressing 调味汁doughnut 面包圈French bread 法式面包a loaf 一条面包jam 果酱apple pie 苹果酱sandwich 三明治toast 土司pizza 披萨hamburger 汉堡potato chips 土豆片French fries 炸薯条yoghourt 酸奶steak 牛排soft drink 软饮料soda water 苏打水Orange Juice 橘汁mineral water 矿泉水lemon juice 柠檬汁wine 酒liquor 烈酒beer 啤酒a cup of beer 一杯啤酒责任编辑： 动作menu 菜单order dishes 点菜bring me the menu 看菜单recommendation 推荐，招牌菜complain 抱怨be allergic to seafood 对海鲜过敏 付账pick up the bill 买单I will pick up the table.Let me treat you.Let me foot the bill.Its on me.I will buy the bill. AA制Lets go Dutch. 各人付自己的帐Lets go fifty-fifty.separate checkssplit the billtip 小费 医生：内科医生 physician外科医生 surgeon牙科医生 dentist 医院的部门名称：候诊室 waiting room急诊室 emergency department小诊所 clinic医疗中心 health center校医院 infirmary 常见的生病症状和身体部位：症状 symptom感冒 catch a cold病愈 get over发烧 fever温度 temperature咳嗽 cough流鼻涕 running nose高血压hypertension; high blood pressure失眠 insomnia肚子痛 stomach ache头痛 headache过敏 be allergic to心脏病 heart attack骨折 fracture脚踝 ankle膝盖 knee肾脏 kidney肝脏 liver肺脏 lung胃脏 stomach流血 bleeding常见的设施：体检 check up / physical examination体育锻炼 physical education 常见的药品：阿斯匹林 aspirin药品 medicine剂量 dosage糖浆 syrup吃药 take the pill药方 prescription打针 injection疫苗 vaccine安眠药 sleeping pills抓药 fill the prescription一天三次 take the pills three times a day机场场景机场 airport行李员 porter空姐 airhostess, stewardess起飞 take off降落 land抵达 arrive盘旋 circle行李 luggage登机门 boarding gate / departure gate登机牌 boarding pass离港 departure起飞时间 departure time机场费 air port fare办理登记手续 check in行李柜台 baggage counter头等舱 first-class经济舱 economy class商务舱 business class准点到达 arrive on schedule晚点(到达)behind schedule延误，取消 cancel预定航班 make a reservation 旅游场景旅游 trip tour假期 vacation预定饭店 make a hotel reservation去度假 leave for a vacation旅行社 travel agency观光 go sightseeing避暑胜地 summer resort夏威夷 Hawaii悉尼歌剧院 Sydney opera house带某人四处逛逛 I will show you around饭店接待 hotel accommodation 银行场景银行 bank户头 account开户 open an account支票帐户 check account支票 check旅游支票 travelers check帐单 bill付账 pay the bill兑现支票 cash a check取钱 draw透支 overdraw出纳员 teller 邮局场景邮局 post office华盛顿邮报 Washington post平信 regular mail航空邮件 air mail挂号信 registered mail邮票 stamp邮资 postage电报 telegram加急电报 urgent cable超重 overweight罚款 fine快递 EMS (Express Mail Service)联合包裹快递服务 UPS (United Parcel Service)责任编辑： 宾馆场景宾馆 hotel小旅馆，小客栈 inn汽车旅馆 motel订房间 book / make a reservation订满 booked up / occupied客房服务 room service单人间 single room双人间 double room浴室 bathroom前台 front desk / reception行李搬运工 porter叫早服务 wake up call 租房场景房租 rent房东 landlord房客 renter / tenant契约 lease / agreement水电费 utilities门厅 hall家具 furniture风景画 poster橱柜 cabinet书架 book case / shelf淋浴管道 shower