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组织学与胚胎学习题与答案四单项选择题1 1.The basic tissues of the body include all of the following EXCEPT A.epithelium B.lymphoid tissue C.connective tissueD.muscle tissue E.nervous tissue2. All of the following are features of epithelium EXCEPT A.more cells and less intercellular substance B.cells are tightly joined with an very narrow intercellular spaceC.have free surface and basal surface D.rich in capillaries and nerve endings E.cover the external and internal surface of the body3.Simple squamous epithelium is lining of the all following structures EXCEPT the A.blood vessels B.peritoneal cavity C.pulmonary alveoliD.lymphatic vesselsE.stomach4.Simple squamous epithelium relates to all of the following EXCEPT the A.surface of the heartB.endothelium C.mesotheliumD.parietal layer of renal capsuleE.luminar surface of the small intestine5.Simple cuboidal epithelium covers the surface of the A.thyroid follicles B.intestine C.uterusD.pulmonary alveoli E.cornea6.Simple columnar epithelium is lining of the A.respiratory passages B.seminiferous tubulesC.ureters D.uterus E.proximal tubules in kidney7.Which is NOT a characteristic of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?A.It consists mainly of 4 types of cells B.Only the columnar cells rest on the besement membraneC.Columnar cells have ciliaD.Goblet cells secrete mucusE.It lines respiratory passages8.Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is present in the A.esophagusB.thyroid C.intestineD.skin E.urinary bladder9.Which of the following descriptions relates to the cilium? A.9+2 microtubules B.Microfilaments C.Brush-like borderD.Cell coat on the surface E.Connected to the terminal web10.In the core of microvilli there are someA.microfilaments B.microtubules C.intermediate filaments D.tonofilamentsE.myofilaments11.Function of the microvilli is to A.remove small particles on the surfaceB.increase adhesion between adjacent cellsC.increase absorptive areaD.communicate adjacent cellsE.increase permeability12.DesmosomeA.is a specialization at the basal surface of epitheliumB.is belt-shapedC.is particularly well-developed in the epidermisD.is composed of the basal lamina and the reticular lamina E.serves as a semi-permeable membrane13.The connexon of gap junction refer to all the following descriptions EXCEPTA.a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesB.consists of six sub-units of proteinC.the sub-units arrange around a central channelD.adjacent cells communicate through the central channelsE.increases the absorptive area14.Which of the following descriptions is NOT true of the basement membrane? A.A member of the junctional complex B.Located between epithelium and underlying connective tissueC.Consists of the basal lamina and the reticular lamina D.Positive staining with PASE.Observed with silver stain15.The structure of 9+2 microtubules is seen in the A.villus B.microvillus C.ciliumD.brush-like border E.centriole16.Gap junction refers to all the following descriptions EXCEPT A.often located in the deep part of the lateral surface between adjacent epithelial cellsB.there is a narrow intercellular spaceC.there is an intermediate line in the intercellular spaceD.a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesE.it transfers the impulses and passes ions and small molecules17.Which of the following is NOT related to desmosomes? A.Relatively wide intercellular space B.Intermediate line C.Electron dense attachment plaque D.Terminal webE.Hairpin loop-like filaments 18.Secretions of endocrine gland are usually A.released into nearby vascular supply B.released into simple ductsC.stored within cellsD.released into branched ductsE.released into alveolus19.Which is NOT a function of epithelium?A.Absorption and secretion B.Transport and excretionC.ProtectionD.Sensory receptionE.Nutrition20.The transitional epithelium exists in theA.urethraB.urinary bladderC.esophagusD.stomachE.transitional portion between uterus and vagina 21.The characteristics of connective tissue are all of the following EXCEPTA.a small number of cells and a large amount of intercellular substanceB.the cells possess free surface and basal surfaceC.it contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nervesD.functions of support, connection, nutrition and defenseE.none of the above22.Which of the following does NOT belong to connective tissue?A.Reticular tissue B.Osseous tissue C.Cartilage tissueD.Lymphoid tissue E.Blood23.Which of the following belongs to connective tissue proper?A.Cartilage tissue B.Nerve tissue C.Muscle tissueD.Lymphoid tissue E.Adipose tissue 24.All of followings are components of loose connective tissue EXCEPTA.collagenous fibers B.elastic fibers C.goblet cellsD.fibroblasts E.macrophages25.All of following characteristics belong to the reticular fiber EXCEPTA.with a surface coat of carbohydrates B.composition of elastin and microfibrilsC.positive staining of PASD.argyrophilic E.periodic cross-bandings in EM26.Which of the followings does NOT show periodic cross-banding?A.Fibrils in collagenous fiber B.Microfibrils in elastic fiber C.Reticular fiber D.Skeletal muscle fiberE.Cardiac muscle fiber27.The elastic fibersA.consist of elastin and microfibrilsB.consist of fibrilsC.are PAS positive D.are argyrophilicE.show periodic cross-bandings in EM28.Which type of fibers can NOT be seen in H&E stained sections?A.Skeletal muscle fiber B.Smooth muscle fiberC.Reticular fiber D.Cardiac muscle fiber E.Collagenous fiber29.Which is NOT true of ground substance in loose connective tissue?A.Jelly-like and amorphous B.Collagenous fibers are main component C.Consists of proteoglycans & glycoproteinsD.Forms a molecular sieve E.Acts as a barrier to spread of microorganisms30.The commonest cells in loose connective tissue is the A.mast cellsB.undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD.fibroblastsE.plasma cells31.Which is NOT a characteristic of fibroblasts?A.Large, stellate shape with processesB.Located close to collagenous fibers C.Have a large, pale nucleus with obvious nucleoli D.Rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi complexE.Take part in the immune reaction32.The collagen necessary to form scar tissue is produced byA.fibroblasts B.undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD.mast cellsE.plasma cells33.Which is NOT a characteristic of the plasma cells?A.Ovoid cell with eccentric nucleusB.Has a strong basophilic cytoplasmC.Full of dense granules in cytoplasmD.Derived from B lymphocytes E.Rich in RER and well-developed Golgi apparatus34.Which of the following has ultrastructural features of protein-secreting cells?A.Mast cells B.FibrocytesC.MacrophagesD.Plasma cells E.Fat cells35.Which is NOT true of macrophages? A.Have acidophilic cytoplasm B.Have nucleus like the spokes of a wheelC.Are derived from the monocytesD.Have numerous lysosomes and phagosomes E.Are highly motile36.Heparin is produced by which of the following cells?A.Hepatocytes or hepatic cells B.Undifferentiated cellsC.MacrophagesD.EosinophilsE.Mast cells 37.The pale stained juxtanuclear region of plasma cells is occupied byA.rough endoplasmic reticulum B.smooth endoplasmic reticulum C.Golgi complexD.mitochondria E.lysosomes 38. Intercellular substance in connective tissue is produced byA.fat cells B.fibrocytes C.plasma cellsD.mast cells E. fibroblasts39. Histamine is released by A.fibroblasts B.fibrocytes C.mast cellsD.plasma cells E.macrophages40.The chief component of dense connective tissue isA.collagenous fibers B.reticular fibers C.fibroblasts D.fibrocytes E.ground substance41.Reticular tissue is mostly distributed inA.Lymphoid organ B.circulatory organ C.urinary organD.reproductive organ E.digestive organ 42.The principle of classification for the cartilage tissue is the A.number of containing cellsB.shape of containing cellsC.quantity and type of containing fibers D.type of ground substanceE.function of cartilage43.Cartilage capsule is A.loose connective tissue at the surface of cartilageB.dense connective tissue at the surface of cartilageC.space around cartilage cellsD.cartilage matrix around cartilage cellsE.collagenous fibers around cartilage cells44.Which of the following is found as the coating for the articular ends of bones at joints?A.Hyaline cartilage B.Elastic cartilageC.Fibrocartilage D.BoneE.Dense connective tissue 45.The major skeletal component of the external ear isA.dense irregular connective tissueB.dense regular connective tissueC.hyaline cartilageD.boneE.elastic cartilage 46.Hyaline cartilage tissue does NOT contain A.cells that can divideB.ground substanceC.fibersD.blood vesselsE.hyaluronic acid 47.Which of the following about hyaline cartilage is FALSE?A.Chondrocytes have basophilic cytoplasm B.Chondrocytes at periphery are immature and single locatedC.Chondrocytes in the center of a mass of cartilage are present in groupsD.Matrix surrounding the chondrocytes is acidophilic E.collagen fibrils are present48.Isogenous group isA.seen at periphery of cartilageB.seen at periphery of boneC.a group of chondrocytes within a single lacunaD.a single chondrocyte within one lacunaE.a group of immature flattened chondrocytes49.Basophilic staining of cartilage matrix is due toA.a great number of collagenous fibrilsB.abundant chondroitin sulfate C.abundant hyaluronic acidD.abundant cartilage capsuleE.abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum 50.Cartilage and bone tissues are similar in thatA.the cells occupy a lacunaB.the matrix surrounding each cell forms basophilic capsuleC.the cells have long processes D.the cells are distributed in groupsE.both are avascular51.Bone tissue contains A.collagenous fibers B.elastic fibers C.reticular fibersD.chondrocytes E.none of the above52.Hydroxyapatite crystal can be seen in theA.perichondrium B.periosteum C.cartilage matrixD.osteoid tissue E.bone matrix53.Osteoid tissue is produced by A.osteocytes B.osteoblasts C.osteoclastsD.osteoprogenitor cells E.mesenchymal cells54.Which of the following is related to the osteocytes?A.The cell body occupies a lacunaB.The ground substance surrounding cells is strong basophilicC.Cells are round with no processes D.Cells are distributed in groupsE.Cells metabolize independently55.Osteocytes possess all of the following characteristics EXCEPTA.they are present in lacunae B.many fine processes extend into canaliculi C.adjacent processes contact with desmosomesD.they have acidophilic or weakly basophilic cytoplasmE.they obtain nutrients from tissue fluid56.Beside osteocytes, bone lacunae also containA.bloodB.tissue fluidC.lymphatic vesselsD.blood vesselsE.nerves57.Perichondrium and periosteum containA.osteocytes B.osteoblasts C.osteoclastsD.osteoprogenitor cells E.chondrocytes58.Osteoprogenitor cells can differentiate intoA.osteocytes B.osteoblasts C.osteoclastsD.fibroblasts E.none of the above59.The most of chemical compositions of bone matrix isA.sodium salt B.potassium salt C.calcium saltD.collagen E.elastin60.Most people think osteoclasts are derived fromA.osteoprogenitor cells B.osteoblasts C.fibroblastsD.monocytesE.mesenchymal cells61.Matrix vesicles are related toA.formation of bone cellsB.formation of osteoidC.calcification of osteoidD.destroy of bone matrixE.bone resorption62.Which of the following is NOT true of bone matrix?A.Stains acidophilic in H & E sections B.Contains inorganic saltsC.Contains collagen fibersD.Has a higher sulfates than that of cartilageE.Arranges regularly in lamellae63.Which of the following are true of ground bone sections?A.Prepared by cutting calcified bone into thin sections B.Organic and inorganic components are both preserved C.Permit observation of canaliculiD.Allow for study of cell detailE.Allow for study of blood vessels in bone64.An important feature in nutrition of cartilage is itsA.system of lacunae and canaliculiB.sinusoidsC.lymphaticsD.nutrient arteriesE.high water (tissue fluid) content of the matrixAnswers 1.B2.D3.E4.E 5.A6.D7.B8.D 9.A10.A11.C12.C 13.E14.A15.C16.C17.D18.A19.E20.B 21.B22.D23.E24.C 25.B26.B27.A28.C 29.B30.D 31.E32.A 33.C34.D35.B36.E 37.C38.E39.C40.A 41.A42.C43.D44.A 45.E 46.D47.D48.C49.B 50.A51.A 52.E 53.B 54.A55.C56.B57.D 58.B59.C60.D61.C 62.D23.C64.E单项选择题21.Serum is different from plasma in that it is devoid of A.fibrinogen B.erythrocytes C.all proteinsD.hormonesE.leukocytes2.Normal concentration of leukocytes in humans isA.(4.25.5)1012/LB.(410)109/L C.(3.55)1012/L D.(105135)1012/LE.(100400)109/L3.Which of the following statements is NOT true of mature erythrocytes?A.Biconcave discs in shape B.7.58.5 mm in diameterC.A nucleus with two lobes D.Rich in hemoglobinE.Have no organelles4.The ABO blood group of humans is dependent onA.lymphocytes B.monocytes C.blood plateletsD.erythrocytes E.leukocytes5.Reticulum in reticulocytes is remnants of theA.nucleusB.lysosomesC.mitochondriaD.endoplasmic reticulumE.ribosomes 6.The life span of red blood cells is aboutA.1-3 daysB.14 daysC.30 daysD.120 daysE.several years7.Which one is responsible for cell breath?A.Basophilic granules in basophilsB.Eosinophilic granules in eosinophilsC.Hemoglobin in erythrocytesD.Azurophilic granules in monocytesE.Nertrophilic granules in neutrophils8.The basis of classification of leukocytes is the A.cell sizeB.morphology of nucleus C.specific granulesD.non-specific granulesE.phagocytizing capacity 9.Which of the following statements is NOT true of neutrophils?A.Account for 50%-70% of the total circulating leukocytesB.They are agranulocytesC.They have a polymorphous nucleus with 25 lobesD.They contain specific granules and azurophilic granulesE.Neutrophilic granules contain bactericidal phagocytins10.Which of the following blood cells is increased in number after active invasion of bacteria?A.Neutrophils B.Monocytes C.LymphocytesD.Erythrocytes E.Eosinophils11.The cells phagocytosing antigen- antibody complex areA.monocytes B.neutrophils C.plateletsD.erythrocytes E.eosinophils12.Which type of cells is associated with the allergic reaction and serves as an anticoagulant?A.Platelets B.Monocytes C.NeutrophilsD.Basophils E.Eosinophils 13.Peroxidase is NOT present in A.neutrophils B.monocytes C.lymphocytesD.basophilis E.eosinophils14.Which of the following statements about eosinophils is FALSE?A.Constitute about 0.5%-3% of the leukocyte populationB.Packed with coarse, pink-staining granules with Wright stainC.Usually have a polymorphous nucleus with 2 lobesD.May release histaminase to ease the effects in allergic reactionE.Most phagocytic leukocytes15.Which of following statements is NOT true of basophils?A.Constitute about 3%-8% of the leukocyte populationB.Contain large, dark blue-staining granules with Wright stainC.Specific granules contain heparin and histamineD.Nucleus may be not clear because of overlap with granulesE.May be associated with allergic reaction16.Which of following statements does NOT refer to monocytes?A.Account for about 3%-8% of the leukocyte populationB.They are the largest cells in bloodC.Azurophilic granules contain heparin and histamineD.Have a horseshoe or kidney-shaped nucleusE.Differentiate into macrophages when leaving out of blood vessels17.Which of following statements is NOT true of platelets?A.Normal counts range (100-400)109/L B.They are fragments of megakaryocytesC.Have a hyalomere and a granulomereD.The function is to stop bleedingE.Associated with allergic reaction18.Histamine in blood is mainly released by the A.macrophages B.eosinophils C.mast cellsD.basophils E.neutrophils19.During parasite infection, the cells that are increased in number areA.monocytesB.lymphocytesC.neutrophilsD.eosinophilsE.basophils20.The earliest hematopoietic cells are derived from theA.yolk sacB.amniotic cavityC.liverD.spleenE.bore marrow21.The azurophilic granules actually are theA.chromosomesB.lysosomesC.ribosomesD.phagosomesE.pinosomes 22.Eosinophilic granules in eosinophils are lysosomes in nature because they containA.acid phosphataseB.alkaline phosphataseC.histaminaseD.lysozymesE.phagocytins23.Basophils contain numerous surface receptors for which of the following Igs?A.IgAB.IgDC.IgED.IgGE.Ig M 24.Platelets would LEAST likely adhere to which of the following structures?A.CollagenB.Other plateletsC.Microfibrils associated with elastinD