英语二复习题二(解题)(大专2012年).doc

广西师范大学成人教育学院试卷课程名称 英语 （B卷 ; 闭卷） 适用班级（或年级、专业） 考试时间 120 分钟 班级 学号 姓名 题 号一二三四成绩满 分10102060100得 分评卷人答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。一、Words. (110)给出右边汉语的单词。每个词的词类和第一个字母已经给出。1. alarm_ n/vt 警报,惊恐;向.报警,使警觉;使.惊恐,打扰2. acknowledge vt 承认；表示感谢3. strategy n 战略，策略4. paralyse vt 使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁5. character n 性格，品质；特征，特性；人物，角色；符号，字6. modest a 谦虚的，谦恭的；适中的，不过分的7. undertake vt 着手做，进行；承担，从事；答应8. eliminate vt 排除，消灭9. allege vt 断言，宣称；作为(事实，理由，借口，辩解)提出10. content a/vt/n 满足的，满意的；使满意；满足，满意二、Phrases. (110)给出与下列汉语相应的英语短语。每个短语的第一个单词的词首字母已经给出，短语中的每个单词占一空。1. out of step 步伐不一致;不协调2. resistance to 对的阻力3. identify as 把看成4. impact on 对之影响5. be irrelevant to 与不相干；不切题6. aim for 瞄准；以为目标7. put aside 放在一边，撇开；储存8. get ones teeth into 死死咬住，紧紧抓住；认真对待，决心解决，全神贯注于9. no avail 完全无用，毫无效果10. come about 发生三、Reading Comprehension.(210)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的4个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Scientists who work on animal behavior are always at risk of being fooled by the animals they are studying or, worse, fooling themselves. Whether their experiments involve domesticated laboratory animals or wild creatures in the field, there is no end to the surprises that an animal can think up in the presence of an investigator. Sometimes it seems as if animals are biologically programmed to puzzle human beings, especially psychologists.The risks are especially high when the scientist is engaged in training the animal to do something or other and must bank his professional reputation on the integrity of his experimental subject. The most famous case in point is that of Clever Hans, the turn-of-the century German horse now recorded in the language of behavioral science by the technical term, the Clever Hans Error.The horse, owned and trained by Herr von Osten, could not only solve complex arithmetical problems, but even read the instructions on a blackboard and tap out, with one hoof(蹄子),the right answer. What is more, he could perform the same computations when total strangers posed questions to him, with his trainer nowhere nearby. For several years Clever Hans was studied intensively by groups of puzzled scientists and taken seriously as a horse with something very like a human brain, quite possibly even better than human.But finally in 1911,it was discovered by Professor O.Pfungst that Hans was not really doing arithmetic at all; he was simply observing the behavior of the human experimenter. Subtle, unconscious gesturesnods of the head, the holding of breath, the cessation(停止)of nodding when the correct count was reachedwere accurately read by the horse as clues to stop tapping.B 1.The first sentence implies that the scientists who study animal behaviors .A. are always fooled by their colleaguesB. are more likely to make mistakesC. have more chances to succeedD. live a more dangerous lifeB 2.It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that .A. the study on animal behavior belongs exclusively to the field of psychologyB. animals always surprise and puzzle the scientists who study their behaviorsC. scientists who study animal behaviors tend to have a bad reputationC 3.The word bank in paragraph 2 can be replaced by .A. pile B. deposit C. build D. defendA 4.Which of the following statements about Clever Hans is NOT true? A. Clever Hans is a very intelligent horse that can do complicated calculations.B. Clever Hans has puzzled many scientists who have studied him intensively.C. Clever Hans is good at observing the subtle behaviors of the experimenters.D. Clever Hans Error has become a technical term in behavioral science.C 5.The author mentions the case of Clever Hans for the purpose of .A. introducing a new way of teaching mathematicsB. arguing for the necessity of doing experiments on animalsC. illustrating how scientists are fooled by animalsD. proving the high intelligence of a horsePassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Those of us who have to spend a great deal of time in crowded conditions become gradually better able to adjust, but no one can ever escape completely invasions of Personal Space. This is because they remain forever associated with either personal hostile or equally powerful loving feelings. All through our childhood we will have been held to be loved and held to be hurt, and anyone who invades our Personal Space when we are adults is, in effect, threatening to extend his behavior into one of these two highly charged areas of human liberation. Unfortunately, different countries have different ideas about exactly how close is close .It is easy enough to teat your own space reaction: when you are talking to someone in the street or in any open space, reach out with your arm and see where the nearest point on his body comes. If you come from western Europe, you will find that he is at roughly fingertip distance from you. In other words, as you reach out, your fingertips will just about make contact with his shoulder. If you come from eastern Europe you will find you are standing at wrist distance. If you come from the Mediterranean region you will find that you are much closer to your companion, at little more than elbow distance.Trouble begins when a member of one of these cultures meets and talks to one from another. Say a British diplomat meets an Italian or an Arab diplomat at an embassy function. They start talking in a friendly way, but soon the fingertips man begins to feel uneasy. Without knowing quite why, he starts to back away gently from his companion. The companion edges forward again. Attempts to adjust this situation often lead to a talking pair entering into a room and many an embassy reception is dotted with western Europe finger-distance men pinned against the walls by eager elbow-distance men.C 6.Why cant we completely escape the invasion of Personal Space? A. Because we are always in crowded conditions.B. Because we cannot adjust ourselves to the situation.C. Because Personal Space is closely related to our feelings.D. Because Personal Space may remind us of our childhood.A 7.The two areas mentioned in para 1 are .A. love and hostility B. childhood and adulthoodC. invasion and threat D. Personal Space and communicationB8.A/An speaker tends to keep the shortest distance to the other speaker.A. western European B. eastern EuropeanC. Mediterranean D. AfricanB9.What is likely to be observed in an embassy reception? A. An Italian diplomat moves forward when talking to an Arab diplomat.B. A British diplomat was pinned against the wall by an Arab diplomat.C. An Arab diplomat starts to back away from his companion.D. An Italian and an Arab diplomat are charging their companion.D10.It can be concluded from the passage that .A. British diplomats always feel uneasy in an embassy receptionB. An Arab diplomat is more friendly than an Italian diplomatC. Differences in personal space may lead to some communicative problemsD. Trouble begins when people of different cultures meet and talk to one another四、TranslationI、将下列英文翻译成中文。(102)1.It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals. The famous example of thalidomide is a case for more animals testing, not less. The birth defects that the drug produced were a result of inadequate testing. If thalidomide were invented today, it would never be released for human use because new tests on pregnant animals would reveal the dangers.翻译：没有认真在动物身上实验的药物大人身上使用，是完全不负责和不合道理的。萨力多胺就是一个着名的例子。它证明需要更多的动物实验而不是更少的动物实验。这种药物引起的先天性畸形是缺乏实验的结果。如果萨力多胺是现在发明的，它就不会被批准为人类使用，因为在有孕的动物身上实验会提示其危险。课文：Sacrificed to Science? 为科学而献身2.To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance. 翻译：一个人要高兴，首先要感到自由，其次是感到重要。如果他被社会强迫做他不愿做的事，或者他喜欢做的事被社会忽视，被认为无价值和不重要，他就不会真正高兴。Between labor and play stands work. A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. 翻译：处于劳作和玩之间的是工作。如果一个人对社会付酬给他的工作感兴趣的话，他就是工作者；从社会的观点看，工作是必要的劳作也是个人心目中自愿的玩。课文：Work, Labor, and Play 工作劳作和娱乐II、将下列各句翻译成英语。(58)1. 等待几天直到身体的调节机制自然适应新时区，这并不可行。It is not feasible to wait a few days until the bodys regulatory mechanisms are used to th