2004年英语语言学模拟试题.doc

外文学院20062007学年度第（一）学期期末考试2004级英本语言学概论（必）试卷（A）班别 姓名 学号 题号IIIIIIIV总分满分20101060100得分说明：1、期考分笔试与论文写作（IV）两部分，这仅为笔试部分，占40%。2、考试时间：120分钟。Part A (30%; 40 minutes)I. Multiple choice: Choose the best answer to each of the following items. Put your response (the corresponding letter) on the Answer Sheet. (20%, 0.5 x 40 items)1. The sentence A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. illustrates the _ nature of language.A. symbolic B. conventional C. metaphorical D. flower2. Which of the following is NOT one of the design features of human language? A. double articulation B. creativity C. displacement D. genetics3. Which of the following is a front, close and short vowel?A. u: B. a C. i D. u4. Which of the following forms a minimal pair?A. fear, pear B. tip, pit C. food, foot D. heat, hit5. In English, if three consonants should cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination should obey the following rules except _: A. The first phoneme must be /s/. B. The second phoneme must be /p/ or /t/ or /k/. C. The third phoneme must be /l/ or /r/ or /w/. D. The phoneme /h/ can replace the second phoneme if it is followed by /w/.6. Which of the following underlined parts is a bound morpheme?A. scholarshipB. classroomC. policemanD. childlike7. Which of the following words does NOT belong to the open classes?A. enjoy B. happy C. as D. beautifully8. The word impossibility consists of _ syllables as against _ morphemes.A. six/three B. five/two C. six/four D. five/five9. For the word to in It is necessary to know yourself., we can say _. A. it has a lexical meaning B. it is an inflectional morpheme C. it is a derivational morpheme D. it has a grammatical meaning as an infinitive marker10. In TG, S-structure represents _ structure. A. surface B. sentence C. specifier D. syntactic11. The words “elevator” and “lift” are _ synonyms.A. near B. dialectal C. collocationally-restricted D. stylistic12. The words “literate” and “illiterate” are _ opposites.A. gradable B. ungradable C. relational D. complementary13. Which of the following is the correct componential analysis of the word “cake”?A.+FOOD-SOLID+COUNTABLEB.+FOOD+SOLID+COUNTABLEC.+DRINKS-LIQUID-COUNTABLED.+DRINKS+LIQUID-COUNTABLE14. “Its foggy today.” is a _-place predication.A. no B. one C. two D. three15. A predication consists of _. A. arguments B. predicates C. argument(s) and predicates D. argument(s) and predicate16. _ is often regarded as a high-status marker. A. sociolect B. idiolect C. register D. accent17. Which of the following best describes the relation between “He is alone” and “He has no one to talk to”?A. The former is synonymous with the latter.B. The former is inconsistent with the latter. C. The former entails the latter.D. The former presupposes the latter. 18. Which of the following best describes the relation between “He paid a visit to Sydney.” and “He paid a visit to Australia.”?A. The former is synonymous with the latter.B. The former is inconsistent with the latter. C. The former entails the latter.D. The former presupposes the latter. 19. Which of the following best describes the relation between “Her sister is coming.” and “She has a sister.”?A.The former is synonymous with the latter.B.The former is inconsistent with the latter. C.The former entails the latter.D.The former presupposes the latter. 20. Statesman and politician are _.A. dialectal synonymsB. collocational synonymsC. stylistic synonymsD. synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning21. The relation between furniture and desk is _.A. homophonyB. homographyC. polysemyD. hyponymy22. Mother and daughter are _.A. gradable antonyms B. relational opposites C. ungradable opposites D. complementary synonyms23. According to Searle, acts bringing about immediate changes by saying something are _. A. representatives B. directives C. expressives D. declarations24. Which of the following is a commissive?A.Im really sorry to hear that.B.I will see you without fail.C.Youd better have dinner at once.D.I now declare the meeting open.25. “Why not offer him a lift?” is an instance of _.A.representatives B.expressives C. directives D. commissives26. Which of the following is a declaration?A. Close the window, please.B. Would you like to go to the movie with me?C. Ive never seen him before.D. I appoint you monitor of the class.27. The word “mike” is a(n) _.A. acronym B. blend C. clipped word D. coined word28. The pronoun our was once spelt as ure/urum in Old English and oure in Middle English. It is the result of going through _. A. a change in agreement rule B. a change in negation rule C. a process of simplification D. the loss of inflections29. The word “motel” is a(n) _. A. acronym B. blend C. clipped word D. coined word30. “Down you come, chaps!” belongs to _ language.A. intimate B. frozen C. consultative D. casual31. The linguist_ is the one who distinguishes three social variables (Field, Mode, Tenor) that determine the register.A. Chomsky B. Halliday C. Bloomfield D. Skinner32. The Eiffel Tower belongs to _ culture.A. spiritual B. material C. folk D. none of the above33. Language acquisition refers to the childs acquisition of his _. A. second language B. foreign language C. target language D. mother tongue34. The first consonants the child can make are made with the lips and they are _. A. p, b, d B. t, d, k C. t, d, m D. p, b, m35. If the child calls all women “Aunt”, then we may say the child has _ the meaning of the word “Aunt”. A. overgeneralized B. overextended C. overused D. overstressed36. The chief exponent of the behaviorist view of language acquisition is _. A. Bloomfield B. Chomsky C. Firth D. Skinner37. It has been claimed that the garden path effect results from two principles of parsing: _. A. minimal attachment and late closure B. word and sentence ambiguity C. selectional restrictions and hierarchical structure D. lateralization and aphasia38. Instances of mother tongue interference can be found at the level of _. A. pronunciation B. syntax C. lexis D. all of the above39. Which of the following sentences is an example of overgeneralization? A. Jane told me to give up smoking. B. Jane asked me to give up smoking. C. Jane hoped me to give up smoking. D. Jane advised me to give up smoking.40. Which of the following is an example of overgeneralization? A. sheep B. stories C. books D. footsII. True or False: Decide whether the following statements are true or false (A for True, and B for False). Put your response on the Answer Sheet. (10%, 0.5 x 20 items)41. The difference between langue and parole was made in the early 20th century.42. Cultural transmission means that the details of the language system are genetically transmitted from generation to generation.43. The transcription normally used in dictionaries and textbooks is narrow transcription.44. Spectrographs are used in acoustic phonetics.45. In English, pronouns belong to open class words.46. Some derivational morphemes do not change the grammatical class of its root.47. Category refers to a group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in a particular language such as a sentence, a noun phrase or a verb.48. Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain the elements of head, specifier and complement.49. When a word becomes a new word by means of functional shift, it means that there is no addition of any affix.50. The word holiday we use today has gone through a process of narrowing of meaning.51. One of the most important features of diglossia is the specialization of function of the two varieties.52. As a result of increasing immigration in the world, bilingualism is spreading.53. Language helps perpetuate the culture, and the changes in language uses reflect the cultural changes in return.54. Each culture presents to its members the ideas and concepts that culture transmits from generation to generation.55. Not all the children achieve the same level of language development.56. Children tend to learn to acquire the sound of t before p.57. Second language acquisition established itself as a discipline around the 1970s.58. According to the Input Hypothesis, there is a formula: i + 1, where i represents learners current state of knowledge, and the next stage is i + 1.59. Language processing involves either bottom-up or top-down processing.60. It is found that left-handers are generally less lateralized for languageIntroduction to Linguistics Final Exam, Jan. 30th, 2007.Part B (10%; 50 minutes)III. Explain each of the following linguistic phenomena, indicating (a) the relevant theory or a