山西省阳泉市荫营中学高考英语 unit 20 grammar复习课件 新人教版.ppt

unit20humorgrammar 现在分词与过去分词英语中的分词有两种 现在分词和过去分词 现在分词由动词原形加ing构成 过去分词由动词原形加ed构成 现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义 过去分词表示已经完成或被动意义 两者之间既有相同之处 又有区别 分词 isawthenaughtyboyhittingthedog ismellsomethingburning lastyearherhusbanddied leavingherwiththreechildren havingwrittentheletter hewentouttopostit nothavingfoundthewallet hedarednotgohome laughingaudience a 现在分词表示正在进行的动作 而过去分词则表示完成的动作 e g fallingleaves fallenleavesboilingwater boiledwaterdevelopingcountry developedcountryb 现在分词表示动作主动的意思 所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者 过去分词表示被动的意思 所修饰的人或物是分词的承受者 e g anexcitingfilm excitedspeaker ingusedasattribute theworkingpeopleaninterestingcrosstalkanexcitingeventtherisingsunthecomingweekaflyingkitethedancinggirl 劳动人民 有趣的相声 激动人心的事件 升起的太阳 下周 翱翔的风筝 舞女 laughingaudience 分词在句中的作用 分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用 可作定语 单个分词作定语时常放在被修饰词的前面e g arethereanylivingthingonthemoon iamreadinganinterestingbook b 单个分词作定语时有时也可放在被修饰词的后面 e g thereissomethingmissing themanwalkingalongtheriver 2 theoldladytalkingtothechildren3 thesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea ingphraseusedasattribute c 分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面e g themansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromwuhanuniversity themanwithsun glassesstandingnearacarisamusician areadingroom icanseesomepeoplereading 作宾语补足语 现在分词与过去分词在句中都可以作宾语补足语 e g wesawhimclimbingatree iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting wemustn tleavetheworkhalfdone performcyclejumpdroplaughbreakburnquarrelentershare peoplesawthepolice thewindowwithahammer behindthedoorsweheardtheaudience duringtheshow neighbourswatchedhim somethingheavyintotheriver youcanseethem atthenewtheatreeverynightthisweek laughing breaking dropping performing performcyclejumpdroplaughbreakburnquarrelentershare 5 icouldhearthenewly marriedcouple everydayoversmallmatters 6 wewatchedthecyclists downtheroadquickly 7 canyousmellsomething 8 wewatchedthreeoldmen thisfoodwitheachother quarreling cycling burning sharing b 现在分词和不定式作宾语补足语的意义上有些不同 后者指事物的全过程 目的在于说明发生了事情 前者指正在进行继续的动作的一部分 目的在于将该动作当时进行的情景呈现于读者之前 正当于进行时态 e g isawhimgoupstairs isawhimgoingupstairs iheardhimsingasong iheardhimsingingasong feel find hear smell watch notice lookat listento have get keep leave sb sth doing 1 the boywaslastseen neartheeastlake 2000shanghai a missing playingb missing playc missing playedd missed toplay2 doyouknowtheboy underthebigtree a layb lainc layingd lying3 seeingthesun abovethesurfaceofthesea weletoutashoutofjoy a toriseb toraisec risingd raising4 thelastbusmeanswalkinghome a missb missedc missingd ifmissing a d c c exercises1 itwasatsixo clock wegothome 2 itwasalreadysixo clock wegothome a thatb sincec whend onwhich a c 3 themissingboywaslastseen neartheriver a playingb tobeplayingc playd toplay a 4 theladywaswatched herroominsilence a hadleftb leftc leaved toleave d 5 theyknewherwell theyhadseenher upfromchildhood a growb grewc wasgrowingd togrow a 6 wewillmakeit toall sheisanewteacher a knowing thatb known thatc known whod knowing who b 7 thebuilding willbealibrary a buildingb havingbuiltc beingbuiltd tobuild c 8 theemperororderedthewonder fulcloth forhimwithoutdelay a toweaveb tobeweavingc tobewovend tohavewoven c 9 there re5pairs buti matalosswhichtobuy a tobechosenb tochoosefromc tochosed chosen b 10 heisamanhard with a dealb tobedealtc todeald dealing c climbingoutofthewindowjumpingoverthefenceaskingapasser bywherethepostofficeisenteringthepostofficeandwritingamessagepayingwitharingleavingtheposto