辽宁省沈阳市第二十一中学高考英语 阅读理解专题 推理判断题复习课件.ppt

readingcomprehension inferencequestions 阅读理解专题 推理判断题 07 08广东高考阅读理解推理判断题 阅读推理判断题 推断题分类 1 questionforms itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat fromthetextweknowthat ismostlikely whenthewritertalksabout whatthewriterreallymeansis thewritersuggeststhat thestoryimpliesthat wecaninfer conclude fromthepassagethat 这类题干中通常含有infer suggest imply conclude等标志性词语 一 如何推断隐含意义 2 技巧点拨1 全面分析2 忠实原文3 不要选择表层信息 didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall diditsoundlikeaclock ifso itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie thusthebeetleiscalled thedeathwatchbeetle 1分钟 thesoundofthisbeetle a pleasedpeople b surprisedpeople c frightenedpeople d excitedpeople 3 practice 1 passage1 severaldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedonthenorthamericancontinentsincetheiceage todayonlytwoexist thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo andisnowfoundmostlyinwesterncanada betterknownintheunitedstatesistheplainsbison orbuffalo atonetime herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheappalachianmountainsintheeasttotherockymountainsinthewest theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison a liveoutsidetheunitedstatedandcanadab arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainc existedbeforetheiceaged havebeenkilledorhavediedout 2 p3 二 如何推断作者观点和态度 说明文中作者的态度 objectiveneutral 中立的 在议论文中 有 1 positive 积极的 2 negative 3 neutral 中立的 4 approval 5 disapproval 6 indifferent 7 sarcastic 讽刺的 8 critical 批评的 9 optimistic 10 pessimistic 客观的 消极的 漠不关心的 赞成的 不赞成的 乐观的 悲观的 1 questionforms thewriter sattitudetoward is thewriterthoughtthat accordingtotheauthor 2 技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词 副词 动词及所举的例子 才能推断出作者的弦外之音 passage5 江西卷 justascryingcanbehealthy notcrying holdingbacktearsofanger painorsuffering canbebadforphysical 身体的 health studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses ifyouhaveahealthproblem doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry butwhenyoufeellikecrying don tfightit it sanatural andhealthy emotionalresponse 反应 2分钟 accordingtotheauthor whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue a cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers b fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems c wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry d wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure 3 passage6 aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities ofcourse therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans now however therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds iwouldconsiderbungeejumping 蹦极跳 tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity youjumpfromahighplace perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon 200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic 有弹性的 ropetiedtoyourankles youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs 4 whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese somepsychologists 心理学家 suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring notverylongago people sliveswereconstantlyindanger theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival 生存 nowadays accordingtomanypeople lifeofferslittleexcitement theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions theybuyfoodinshops andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping 5分钟 thewriterofthetexthasa attitude 态度 towardsdangeroussports a positive 肯定的 b negative 否定的 c neutral 中立的 d nervous 三 如何推断写作目的 1 questionforms 1 考查整篇文章的写作目的a thewriter spurposeofwritingthispassageisto b whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle c inwritingthepassage theauthorintendsto 2 考查某处细节的写作意图a thewriterusestheexampleof toshowthat b thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto c arementionedinthefirstparagraphto 2 常见的写作目的归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的 但写作目的通常有以下三种 1 toentertainreaders 娱乐读者 让人发笑 2 topersuadereaders 说服读者接受某种观点 3 toinformreaders 告知读者某些信息 常见于故事类的文章 tomakepeoplelaugh totellaninterestingexperience 常见于广告类的文章 tosellaproductoraservice toattractmorevisitors readers audience 多见于科普类 新闻报道类 文化类或社会类的文章 3 技巧点拨 1 根据文体类别推断写作目的 2 从写作手法来推断写作目的 passage7 haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou askedjamietaylorofthewaveenergygroupattheuniversityofedinburgh thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves hesaid 1 5分钟 thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto a testthereaders knowledgeaboutwavesb drawthereaders attentiontothetopicc showjamietaylor simportanced invitethereaderstoanswerthem 5 passage8ayoungmanfromavillagecallednawalapitiyamarriedayoungwomanfrommaliyuwa anearbyvillage theylivedwiththeman sbigfamily hisparents hisbrothers theirwivesandchildren thefamilykeptanelephant inwhichtheyoungwomansoontookagreatinterest everydayshefeditwithfruitandsugar threemonthslaterthewomanwentbacktoherparents home havingquarreledwithherhusband soontheelephantrefusedtoeatorwork itappearedtobeillandheart broken onemorningafterseveralweekstheanimaldisappearedfromthehouse itwenttothewoman shome onseeingher theelephantwaveditstrunkandtouchedherwithit theyoungwomanwassomovedbytheactoftheanimalthatshereturnedtoherhusband shome 3分钟 thewriterwrotethestoryinorderto a showthatelephantsareverycleverb tellhowawomantrainedawildanimalc showthatwomencaremoreforanimalsthanmendod tellhowananimalreunitedahusbandandwife 6 1 questionforms thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear thepassageismostlikelyapartof 四 如何推断文章出处 2 解题技巧这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处 1 报纸 2 广告 3 产品说明 passage9 全国卷 doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine doyouknowwhatismeantby takeonlyasdirected readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem toreducepain taketwotablets 药片 withwater followedbyonetableteveryeighthours asrequired fornight timeandearlymorningrelief 缓解疼痛 taketwotabletsatbedtime donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty fourhours forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold givehalftheamount 量 forchildrenundersixyearsold askyourdoctor sadvice reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine thistextismostprobablytakenfroma 2分钟 a textbookb newsreelc doctor snotebookd bottleofmedicine 7 passage10morethan30 000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured 受伤 eachyear ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow wearingaseatbelt 安全带 saveslives itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt ifyoudonot youcouldbefinedupto 50 itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt butitwillbethedriver sresponsibility 责任 tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind however youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing 倒退 yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery 发送 orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit makesurethesecircumstances 情形 applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit 3分钟 thistextistakenfrom a amedicalmagazineb apolicereportc anadvertisement 广告 d agovernmentinformationbooklet 小册子 8 morethan30 000 arekilledorseriouslyinjured 受伤 eachyear youcouldbefinedupto 50 rememberyoumaybetakentocourt youmaybefined 2 解题技巧推测下文的内容 根据作者的思路进行推理推测上文的内容 关注第一段 特别是文段开始的几句话 五 推断上下文内容 questionforms thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss passage11whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood theywerenotincontrolofthei