情态动词试题及详解.doc

情态动词试题及详解1. -May I smoke here?-If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section.A. should B. could C. may D. must解析：回答者意在前者非抽不可，就在抽烟处找个位置。2. -What is the name?-Khulaifi. _I spell that for you?A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might解析：表示建议是否能把他拼出来，对一人称建议提出请求最好用shall.3. We hope that as many people as possible _join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. need B. must C. should D. can解析：我希望明天尽可能多的人能够参加我们的野餐。4. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A. should have taken B. could have takenC. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken解析：昨天天气果然很好，所以我没必要带伞。C项表示过去没有必要做某事。5. There _be any difficulty about winning the speech contest now that you are well prepared for it.A. musnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt解析：既然你已经做了充分的准备，那么赢得这场比赛不应当有任何的困难。6. Whenever the teacher was not here, the children _ make a lot of noise.A. will B. would C. were to D. were going to解析：would除表示过去将来时还表示过去经常习惯性的动作。高考复习策略1. 个别情态动词的特殊用法 can, could表示说话人能，可以，同意，准许；could可以看成can的过去式，在疑问句中经常和第二人称搭配表示请求：Could you pass me the book?Can只表示能力,不知道结果;而be able to表示有能力并成功做成了某事情。 must表示必须，一定；但是其否定形式表示“禁止”；must have done表示对过去事实最肯定的推测，其否定式不表示推测。 need 和dare一样，都有两种词性即：情态动词+动词原形；实意动词（有人称和数的变化）+to do sth; neednt have done 没有必要做某事。 will, would用于疑问句表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问：Would you open the door?2 表推测，按照推测的可能性大小可这样排列：must/might/may/could/can + do表示对现在或将来的推测must/might/may/could/can + have done表示对过去的推测注意，should have done 表示本应该做某事实际上没有做。典例精析一、考查情态动词的基本用法例1：“The interest _be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge.A. may B. should C. must D. shall例2： The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course.A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do分析：上述两题均考查 shall的非常用含义，当shall用于一、三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。例3：Hes strange - he _ sit for hours without saying anything.A. shall B. will C. can D. must分析：will用来谈习惯和特性，尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。本句意思为“他很怪，能一坐几个小时一句话也不说”。例4：John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need例5：Tom, you _leave all your clothes on the floor like this！A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not分析：must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”；而mustnt则表示禁止、不允许，是说话人强有力的劝告。例6：You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.A. might B. need C. should D. would分析：在某些名词性从句中，should 表示惊异、意外等情绪，常译为“竟然”。如：It seems unfair that this should happen to me. 真不公平，这件事竟然发生在我身上。例7：_it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.A. Should B. Would C. Could D. Must分析：在条件状语从句中，should 表示“万一”，即可表示不能实现的假设，又可表示可以实现的假设。该句意思为“万一明天下雨，会议就延期。”例8：A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. should B. can C. must D. will小 精 灵 儿 童 网 站例9：The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow.A. should B. must C. will D. can分析：can 表示推测时常用于疑问和否定句，用于肯定句中常常表示理论上的可能性，用来表达事件或情况可能发生(但并不牵涉是否真的会发生)。二、考查情态动词的推测用法1、对现在或客观事实的推测对现在或客观事实的肯定推测一般用must, will, should, may(might)或could，语气依次递减。例10：Helen _go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. (2005安徽)A. shall B. must C. may D. can例11：Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys. He always wears green. (2005广东)A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be例12：That, I think, _ be all that I want to say.A. can B. could C. will D. ought to分析：must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may(might)译为“也许、大概”，表示把握不大的推断，后面常跟but。could的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。对现在或客观事实的否定推测，常用cannot译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示推测的语气非常肯定, may not, might not或could not译为“可能不”、“也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。例13：You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.A. must B. shall C. may D. need例14：-Isnt that Anns husband over there?-No, it _ be him -Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not分析：在例13中，might just as well表示“最好，还是为好”，说明喜欢的可能性不大，故用may not。例14，根据后面的Im sure可以看出，推测的语气较强，故用cant译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩，常用于否定语气较强时。答案分别为C、A。对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用can或could，而不用may/might。例15：Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？A. can B. should C. may D. must分析：对现在或客观事实的疑问推测，往往用can或could，表示惊异、怀疑、困惑、失望等感情色彩。2、对过去事实的推测对过去已发生事情的肯定推测常用 “must/may/might +have + v-ed”，“must+ have + v-ed”意思为“想必、准是、一定是”，语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句，“may/might+ have + v-ed” 意思为“也许、或许”表示推测的把握不大，只能用于肯定或否定句，不用于疑问句；对过去的否定推测常用 “can/could /maymight not + have + v-ed”，意思为“不可能/可能没做过”；对过去的疑问推测只用“can/could + have + v-ed”，意思为“可能已经”。例16：He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant分析：根据后一分句判断，前一分句应该表示肯定完成了工作，故用“must+ have + v-ed”语气非常肯定且只能用于肯定句。例17：My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC.mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended分析：must表推测时，不用于否定，neednt have +v-ed 表示“本来没有必要”，shouldnt have +v-ed表示“本来不应该”，“can/could not + have + v-ed” 意思为“不可能做过”。例18：-Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.- Well. He _ have gone far-his coats still here.A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt分析：cant have gone far 在此表示现在对过去所发生事情的否定推测，意思为“现在不可能走远了”；三、考查情态动词的虚拟用法例19：Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.-You_ her last weekA. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told分析：对过去发生事情的责备或遗憾应用“情态动词+have + v-ed”，据此可排除答案A、C，而would+have +v-ed常用于过去的虚拟语气中，should(ought to)+ have + v-ed”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做，含有责备的含义。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。例20：He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.A. could B. would C. must D. need分析：“could+ have + v-ed” 用于肯定句中，表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味，侧重有能力而没能做成。该句意思为：“他花钱买了座位，而他本来可以免费进去的”。例21：You should not have swum in that river. You _ have been eaten by fish.A. must B. may C. will D. might分析：前一分句的sh