f+主谓一致.doc

1. f(缩)=female(或=foot,feet) n.女(的)；雌(的)；英尺2. face n.脸vt.面向；面对3. facial adj.面部用的4 fact n.事实，现实5 factory n.工厂6. fade vi.褪色，(颜色)消退7. fail v.失败；不及格；衰退8. failure n.失败9. fair adj.公平的，合理的10. fair adj.(肤色)白皙的；(人)白肤金发的11. fair n.集市；庙会；展览会12. fairly adv.公正地，正当地；相当(程度)地13. fairness n.公平；公正14. faith n.信仰；留念15 fall n.(美)秋季16. fall (fell, fallen) vi.落(下)，降落；倒17. false adj.不正确的；假的18. familiar adj.熟悉的19. family n.家庭；家族；子女20. family name姓氏21. famous adj.著名的22. fan n.(电影、运动等的)迷；热心的爱好者(支持者)23. fan n.风扇24. fancy adj.花式的；装饰的；奇特的25. fantastic adj.(口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的26. fantasy n.幻想，梦想27. far(比较级farther,最高级farthest或further, furthest) adj.&adv.远的；远地28. fare n.(乘车或船等的)费用，票(价)29. farm n.农场；农庄30. farmer n.农民31. fast adj.快的，迅速的；紧密的adv.快地，迅速地；紧密地32. fasten vt.扎牢；扣住33. fat n.脂肪adj.胖的；肥的34. father n.父亲35. fault n.缺点，毛病36. favour(美favor) n.恩惠；好意；帮助37.favourite(美favorite) adj.喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人(或物)38. fax n.传真39. fear n.害怕；恐惧；担忧40. feather n.羽毛41. February n.二月42. federal adj.中央的(政府等)；联邦的43. fee n.费，费用44. feed (fed,fed) vt.喂(养)；饲(养)45. feel (felt,felt) v.&link感觉，觉得；摸，触46. feeling n.感情；感觉47. fell vt.伐木48. fellow n.同伴；伙伴49. female adj.女的；女性的；雌性的50. fence n.栅栏；围栏；篱笆51. ferry n.渡船52festival adj.节日的，喜庆的5 fetch vt.(去)取(物)来，(去)带(人)来54. fever n.发烧；发热55. few pron.不多；少数adj.不多的；少数的56. fibre(美fiber) n.纤维质57. field n.田地；牧场；场地58. fierce adj.猛烈的59. fifteen num.十五60. fifth num.第五61. fifty num.五十62. fight n.打仗(架)，争论63. fight(fought, fought) v.打仗(架)，与打仗(架)64. fighter n.战士；斗士65. figure n.数字；数目；图；图形；(人的)身型；人物；(绘画、雕刻的)人物像vt.(美口语)认为，判断；(在心里)想像，描绘66. file n.公文柜；档案，(计算机)文档67. fill vt.填空，装满68. film n.电影；影片；胶卷vt.拍摄，把拍成电影69. final adj.最后的；终极的70. find(found,found) vt.找到，发现，感到71. fine adj.细的；晴朗的；美好的；(身体)健康的72. fine n.&v.罚款73. finger n.手指74. fingernail n.指甲75. finish v.结束；做完76. fire n.火；火炉；火灾vi.开火，开(枪，炮等)，射击77. firefighter n.消防人员78. fireplace n.壁炉79. firewood n.木柴80. fireworks n.焰火81firm n.公司；企业82. firm adj.坚固的，坚定的83. firmly adv.牢牢地84. first num.第一adj.&adv.第一；首次；最初n.开始；开端85. fish n.鱼；鱼肉vi.钓鱼；捕鱼86. fisherman n.渔民；钓鱼健身者87. fist n.拳)(头)88. fit adj.健康的，适合的v.(使)适合，安装89. fitting room试衣间90. five num.五91. fix vt.修理；安装；确定，决定92. flag n.旗；标志；旗舰93. flame n.火焰，光辉94. flaming adj.火红的；火焰般的95. flash n.闪；闪光；转瞬间96. flashlight n.手电97. flat adj.平的n.楼中一套房间；公寓(常用复数)98. flee (fled, fled) v.逃走；逃跑99. flesh n.肉100. flight n.航班101. flight n.楼梯的一段102. float vi.漂浮，浮动103. flood n.洪水vt.淹没，使泛滥104. floor n.地面，地板；(楼房的)层105. flour n.面粉，粉106. flow vi.流动107. flower n.花108. flu n.流行感冒109. fly n.飞行；苍蝇110. fly(flew,flown) vi.(鸟、飞机)飞；(人乘飞机)飞行；(旗子等)飘动vt.空运(乘客，货物等)；放(风筝、飞机模型等)111. fog n.雾112. foggy adj.多雾的113. fold vt.折叠；合拢114. folk adj.民间的115. follow vt.跟随；仿效；跟得上116. following adj.接着的；以下的117. fond adj.喜爱的，爱好的118. food n.食物，食品119. fool n.傻子，蠢人120 foolish adj.愚蠢的，傻的121. foot(复feet) n.足，脚；英尺122 football n.(英式)足球；(美式)橄榄球123. for prep.为了；向，往；与交换；防备；适合；因为；在期间；对于；对来说conj.因为，由于124. forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止，不许125 force vt.强迫，迫使126. forecast n.&vt.预告127. forehead n.前额12 foreign adj.外国的129. foreigner n.外国人130. foresee(foresaw, foreseen) vt.预见；预知131. forest n.森林132. forever adv.永远；永恒的133. forget(forgot, forgotten) v.忘记；忘掉134. forgetful adj.健忘的，不留心的135. forgive(forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅，宽恕136. fork n.叉，餐叉137. form n.表格；形式；结构138. former adj.以前的，从前的；(两者之中的)前者139. fortnight n.十四日，两星期140. fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的141. fortune n.财产；运气142.forty num.四十143.forward adv.将来，今后；向前，前进144. found vt.成立，建立145.founding n.成立，建立146 fountain n.喷泉147.four num.四148. fourteen num.十四149. fourth num.第四150. fox n.狐狸151.franc n.法郎152. France n.法国153. free adj.自由的，空闲的；免费的154. freedom n.自由155. freeway n.高速公路156. freeze(froze, frozen) vi.结冰157. freezing adj.冻结的；极冷的158. French n.法语adj.法国的；法国人的；法语的159. Frenchman(复Frenchmen) n.法国人(男)160.frequent adj.经常的；频繁的161. fresh adj.新鲜的162. Friday n.星期五163. fridge=refrigerator n.冰箱164. fried adj.油煎的165. friend n.朋友166. friendly adj.友好的167. friendship n.友谊，友情168. fright n.惊恐；恐吓169. frighten vt.使惊恐，吓唬170.frog n.青蛙171. from prep.从；从起；距；来自172. front adj.前面的；前部的n.前面；前部；前线173. frontier n.前沿，边界；前线174. frost n.霜175.fruit n.水果；果实176. fruit juice n.果汁177. fry vt.用油煎；用油炸178. fuel n.燃料179. full adj.满的，充满的；完全的180. fun n.有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑181. funeral n.葬礼182. funny adj.有趣的，滑稽可笑的183. fur n.毛皮；皮子184.furnished adj.配备了家具的185. furniture n.(总称)家具186. future n.将来8高中英语主谓一致一）主谓一致的种类1语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike. 2意义上一致1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。如：The crowd were shouting. 单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle,等。2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising. 形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics, economics等。3就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，eitheror, neithernot, not onlybut also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. （二）主谓一致的应用1名词作主语1）某些集体名词，如family, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV. 这类名词有：audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。如：The police are searching for the thief. 3）单、复数同形的名词主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如：A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed since then. 5）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 6）如果主语有more than one+单数n很多 或many a+单数n许多构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. 但是，“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如：More members than one are against your plan. 7）一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：A pair of shoes was on the desk. 8）this kind of book （这种书），其谓语动词用单数；this kind of men的谓语动词用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。如：This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.10）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致原则，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有：means（方法），works（工厂），species（种类），Chinese，Japanese等。如：The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)The（These）glass works are near the railway station. （这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。）当它们前面有a, such a , this, that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all, such, these, those修饰时，谓语用复数 11）如果名词词组中心词是all，most, half, the rest of +名词作主语，名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；名词为不可数名词或单数名词时，用单数。如：All of my classmates like music.All of the water is gone.12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Between the two windows hangs a picture.2由连接词连接的名词作主语1）用and或bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如：Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.The singer and the dancer are to attend our evening party.但是前后看做整体则用作单数The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.Knife and fork is often used at dinner.2）当主语后面跟有as well as, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由引导词前面的主语而定。如：The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.）以or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。如：Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.Either you or he is to go.3代词作主语1）关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：Those who want to go please put up your hands. Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun. 2）疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。如：Who lives next door ? It is Xiao Liu. Who live next door ? It is Zhang and Liu. 3）none, neither单独作主语时，谓语通常用单数。但后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词当然用单数形式，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。如：Do(es) any of you know his address ?Neither of them is right.None of them has(have)seen the film.4分数、量词作主语 1）“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of plenty of, a large quantity of, 一大堆，很多，大量; heaps of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语，例如：Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface is covered with water. Three-fifths of the workers here are women.和这种情况类似的还有“a number of+名词复数”谓语用复数译为大量，许多，the number of中心词是number,谓语用单数，译为的数量A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred. 注意：不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数，例如：2）a great deal of , a large amount/quantity of+不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts/ (large)quantities of+不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，例如：A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.3）表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.5名词化的形容词作主语如果主语由“the+形容词（或过去分词）”意思是一类人，谓语通常用复数， The blind study in special schools.The poor live in a undeveleped country6从句作主语由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，例如：What we need is more time.What we need are doctors. 7. To do ,doing 作主语，谓语常用复数 To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. Smoking is bad for health. I. 单句改错A级 1. Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith are teacher.2. Both coffee and beer is on sale in the shop.3. Either the students or the teacher are to blame.4. Not only the students but also their teacher dont know about it.5. Mr. Green besides his sons like sports.6. Each of the books costs five yuan.7. More than 30 percent of the surface are covered by water.8. A new type of machine are on show now.9. She is one of the teacher who have been to America.10. Four hours are enough to do the work.B级 1. The questions raised by the boy is very important.2. The teacher and writer are her friend.3. Tom, together with Mary and Alice, are going to swim this afternoon.4. Neither of these words are correct.5. About 70 percent of the students is from the south, and the rest of them are from the north and foreign countries.6. Machines of this new type is made in Wuhan.7. The windows which faces south are all broken.8. She is the only one of the students who have been invited to the party.9. When and where to hold the sports meet is not decided yet.10. The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them was absent for different reasons.I. Fill in the blanks 1. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, (keep)some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.2. The basketball coach, as well as his team, _ ( be )interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.3. One third of the country _(be ) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_ (be) black people. 4. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _( wear) evening dress. 5. Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have ) caused hearing loss in some teenagers. 6. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ (have ) been rising steadily since1990. 7. Doing exercise ( do ) good to your health. 8. What you said ( be) unbelievable.9. Seeing ( be) believing. 10. The young ( be) often compared to the sun in the morning.III. 陕西2014 My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!IV. 假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。 写作要点：1.表示对客人的欢迎；2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；3.表达对客人的祝愿。 写作要求： 1.词数不少于100；2.称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文；3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。Dear American guests, _. A级 1. teacher teachers 2. is are 3. are is 4. dont - doesnt 5. like likes 6. 正确 7. are is 8. are is 9. teacher teachers 10. are - isB级 1. is are 2. are is 3. are is 4. are is 5. is are 6. is are 7. faces - face8. have has 9. 正确 10. them was - them wereII. 1. keeps 2. Was 3. is; are 4. Wears 5. has 6. has 7. does 8. is 9. is 10. areIII. My father took me out camping for the first time when