直接引语变成间接引语的几个例子.doc

9A Unit 6英语语法直接引语变为间接引语（宾语从句）一、 直接引语变成间接引语的几个例子： The teacher told us, “The earth is round.” The teacher told us (that) the earth is round.(2)Tom said to me yesterday, “ I like reading books.” Tom told me yesterday (that) he likes reading books. Lily told me, “ I want to go shopping.” Lily told me (that) she wanted to go shopping.(4) He asked me ,“who is the woman ?”He asked me who the woman was . (5) I asked Tom, “ Where does John live?“ I asked Tom where John lived.(6)I asked Lucy, “Are you watching TV?”I asked Lucy if she was watching TV . (7)He asked me, “Do you have any paper?” He asked me if I had any paper.二、 根据以上的例子归纳1.宾语从句定义：宾语从句是指在复合句中主句的宾语由一个完整的句子来充当，这个句子叫宾语从句。2直接引语改为间接引语（宾语从句）的方法：（特别要注意时态、语序、人称变化三个方面）陈述句作宾语从句常由that来引导，口语中that常省略）（如（1）（2）（3） 特殊疑问句作宾语从句常由特殊疑问词（who/what/where等）来引导，而且必须用陈述句语序。（如(4)(5)） 一般疑问句作宾语从句，常由if / whether来引导，而且也必须用陈述句语序。（原来问句中的any不能改成some）（如（6）（7） 时间副词要发生相应的变化：直接引语(Direct speech)间接引语(Report speech)nowthentodaythat daytonightthat nightthis morning /weekthat morning/weektomorrowthe following day/the next dayyesterdaythe day beforelast monththe month before3. 宾语从句中的时态：(总的原则：主句和从句的时态要前后呼应)、含有宾语从句的复合句中如果主句的时态是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等），从句的时态跟据实际需要而定（原来直接引语中用什么时态，间接引语中还用什么时态）。如：I know (that) he lives here. I know (that) he lived here 10 years ago. I have heard (that) he will come. 、含有宾语从句的复合句中如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去过完成时，过去将来时等），那么从句的时态也必须用过去时态中的一种。直接引语改为间接引语时，如果主句是过去时态，则宾语从句中的时态具体变化如下：直接引语(Direct speech)间接引语(Report speech)一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在