大学英语三四级四级考试作文教案.doc

各类作文结构与样文一、 对比选择型前提：题目有提纲时，严格按照提纲写；没有时，可参照以下结构 结构： A：引出争论点+ 第一种观点 B: 第二种截然相反的观点 C: 陈述自己的观点可参照以下开头：(以pet raising 为例)1. When it comes to pet raising(争论点)， different people will voice/hold/offer different opinions.2. When talking about pet raising(争论点), different people will voice/hold/offer different opinions3. When asked about pet raising(争论点), different people will voice/hold/offer different opinions4. Nowadays, _pet raising _ has become a common part of our daily life. As to this phenomenon/ issue, there is no complete agreement among people.5. Recently, there is a general tendency that _more and more people are beginning to raise pets (用一句话把要争辩的问题描述出来)_. As to this phenomenon, peoples opinions vary widely from person to person.6. With the development/ advance/ improvement of _(随着。的发展/进步/改善), _pet raising_ has become a common occurrence in our daily life引出第二个截然相反的观点时，注意过渡词的使用：1. however,on the contrary, in contrast, 加逗号再接句子。Eg: However, others hold the opposite view.2.While/whereas 直接加句子。 Eg: While others hold the opposite view.可参照以下结尾：1. As far as Im concerned, I am for/ approve of/ am in favor of/ tend to the former/ latter.2. Taking all mentioned above into consideration, I object to / am against/ disagree with/ disapprove of the former/ latter.3. From what has been discussed/ mentioned above, it is not difficult to come to my conclusion/ reach my conclusion/ arrive at my conclusion/ make my conclusion/ draw my conclusion that I dont like raising animals as pets.4. To sum up, / In conclusion, / In summary, / In a word, / All in all, / In brief, /Model: When it comes to 争论点， different people will voice/hold/offer different opinions. Some people believe that 第一种观点. To them, _. Besides,_. However, others argue/claim/hold/maintain/consider that the opposite/ reverse is true. In their views, _. Whats more,_.There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/ latter. For one thing, _; for another, _.Views/ideas/opinionsonvaryfrompersontoperson.SomepeoplethinkthatTheyholdthisopinionbecauseHowever,othershold (argue)thatAstome,Iaminfavorofthefirst/secondidea.Thefollowingarethereasonsof/formychoice/personalinclination. First,whileitistruethat,itdoesntmeanthatBesides/Ontheotherhand,Admittedly,butthisisnottosaythat Therefore/Inaword/Fromthingsmentionedabove,DifferentpeoplemayhavedifferentviewsonItisheldthatButitisalsoheldthat ThosewhoholdthefirstopinionIncontrast,thosewhoholdthesecondview Astome,Iagreewiththelatteropinion.Admittedly,.Butthisisnottosaythat 事物总是一分为二的。写作题目中有许多是涉及某一事物的正反两方面。比如“运动的积极因素和消极因素”，“双休日的好处与负作用”，“新的科技给社会带来的好处与问题”等等。凡涉及到利弊的题目时都可以用下面这个套路。 套路: Nowadays,playsanimportantpart/roleinLikeeverythingelse,has/havebothfavorableandunfavorableaspects.Generally,theadvantagecanbelistedasfollows. First,Besides,Mostimportantofall,Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Tobeginwith,Tomakemattersworse/worstofall, Throughaboveanalysis,Ibelievethattheadvantages/positiveaspectsoutweighthedisadvantage/negativeones.Therefore,a例文：Is a test of spoken English necessary?A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). When talking about it, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that college students should take a test of spoken English. In their opinion, it is good chance for them to test their spoken English. Besides, it also make them know the importance of the spoken English.However, others hold that a test of spoken English is unnecessary in the university and colleges. They maintain that college students practice of spoken English is not for testing but for daily use. And they think it is hard to manage such a subjective test.Weighing up these two arguments, I am for the first point of view. For one thing, spoken English is very important. For another, a test of spoken English can guide and supervise students to make conversation practice. For instance, when choosing books and other materials, students can pick them according to the bands of the test they want to take. Therefore, as stated above, the first point of view can hold water.利弊比较优点：advantage, merit, virtue, plus, strength, strong point缺点： disadvantage, demerit, minus, drawback, defect, short coming, weak pointThe advantages far outweigh the disadvantages 利远大於弊. Ones merits outweigh ones short-comings. 功大于过。2011年06月18日 大学英语四级考试作文题目及答案1. 现在网上购物已经成为一种时尚2. 网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3. 我的建议Online Shopping In the era of the Internet, shopping on the Internet has become one of the modern means by which people do their shopping. More and more people are enjoying the convenience and the fun the Internet brings to them. Online shopping has many advantages. First of all, the prices of items bought via the Internet can be lower than the prices in stores, which will surely save us a lot of money. Besides, with a wealth of information on the Internet, people can pick up many products which are not available in shopping malls. In other words, people can buy almost everything conceivable. Moreover, people can buy what they want by just a few clicks at home instead of shopping in crowded shopping malls.However, shopping online also has its advantages. First of all, the buyers cannot see the goods or try them. So there may be a gap between what they see and what they really want. Besides, the sellers online may be not so qualified as people expected, therefore, people may get forged and fake commodity, or sometimes the seller never delivers goods after you pay the money. As far as I am concerned, online shopping will get more popularity. People should enjoy its convenience and pay attention to the sellers qualification when shopping. Buyers should preserve the shopping evidence in case they should be cheated and safeguard their rights and interests.Online ShoppingNowadays, online shopping has increasingly become a fashion. Nobody will fail to notice that a growing number of people prefer shopping online such as Taobao because it brings us a lot of convenience. Just click your button, and all that you can do is to wait for your delivery to come。However, everything can be divided into two, and online shopping has no exception. It also has many problems. First of all, most products have very poor quality. When you buy something online, you can not touch or feel them, so their quality is not so good as it looks. Whats worse, it will cause your financial insecurity, because the payment is also done through the Internet. Therefore, your bank account or credit card numbers will be stolen and make you suffer a great loss。On the whole, through the above analysis, i believe online shopping has a very bright future. Although it has many problems, it is one of the results of modern society. There is a long way to go for us to improve its services。高分版范文周秀婷：One of the controversial issues today is online shopping. According to a recent survey，a large number of consumers are in favor of online shopping as it has become a trend. In this essay, I will discuss the positive and negative effects of this issue and offer my own view on it。On the positive aspect, one of the most significant advantages is that online shopping brings customers so much convenience that it is widely recognized as much more time-saving than traditional shopping. Moreover, online customers have access to commodities of such a huge variety and number. Perhaps the primary advantage is that they have the opportunities to compare prices of a product offered by different retailers. On the negative aspect, there is a good chance of buying a defective product, as they cannot examine the quality when shopping online. Whats more, there exist some dishonest and incredible online retailers who may do further damages to buyers interests。As far as Im concerned, the benefits of online shopping greatly outweigh its drawbacks. People should make better use of shopping and bypass its negative effects. People can never be too careful when shopping online。二、 问题解决型前提：题目有提纲时，严格按照提纲写；没有时，可参照以下结构结构： A：引出问题+ 描述问题的具体表现或已经产生的后果 B:提出问题的解决方案 C: 呼吁解决问题可参照以下开头：(以pet raising 为例)1.Recently/ Nowadays, / In recent years, / Presently, the rise in the problem of _ has caused/ aroused public/ wide concern. (引起广泛关注)2. With the development of _, the issue of _ has been brought into focus.3. The issue of _ has been brought to public attention4. Now an increasing number of people are beginning to realize/ recognize/ be aware of the importance/ seriousness of _. (开始意识到。的重要性/ 严重性)5. Nowadays, _ has become a common problem we have to face.Model:Recently/ Nowadays, / In recent years, / Presently, the rise in the problem of _ has caused/ aroused public/ wide concern. (引起广泛关注). Therefore, how to solve the problem is worth paying attention . / So it is high time that we took actions to _.How to solve the problem? As far as Im concerned, there are some suggestions. To begin with, _. Secondly, _. In addition, _.In a word, the problem is so serious that we should take immediate actions to _. Only in this way can we _./ If we fail to solve the problem, there is every chance （非常有可能） that _后果_例文：Reduce Waste on CampusWith the improvement of living standard, waste on campus is increasingly serious. It is necessary that something should be done to reduce waste on campus. On the one hand, our waste has already caused a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity. On the other hand, our waste adds our parents as well as our society a burden.Therefore, how to eliminate waste on campus is worth paying attention. Firstly, we should turn off the light when we leave our dorms or classrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. Secondly, we should stop wasting water when we bath, or wash clothes and dishes. For example, we should use a basin when we clean faces. Thirdly, we should be economical. In other words, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need.In fact, the ways to reduce waste on campus are countless. Its time that we cultivate the habit of thrift in every possible way.三、 现象解释型前提：题目有提纲时，严格按照提纲写；没有时，可参照以下结构结构： A：引出现象+ 描述现象 B: 分析现象产生的原因 C: 提出自己对此现象的看法/ 提出解决方案 / 呼吁可参照以下开头：.Recently/ Nowadays, / In recent years, / Presently, _ has been brought into focus._ has become a common part / occurrence of our daily life.引出原因：Many reasons contribute to / lead to / result in/ can account for _.The reasons for _ are varied.There are many reasons for this phenomenon.There are several reasons leading to _.So what is the reason behind the phenomenon?总结：呼吁： it is high time that we took some measures to _. It is essential that some immediate measures/ actions should be taken to _.后果： We must call for an immediate method, or _后果_。 Obviously, if we ignore/ turn a blind eye to / turn a deaf ear to/ overlook / cast an indifferent eye on the problem, things are sure to go from bad to worse.建议： I strongly recommend / propose / suggest that sb/ sth should + 动词原型提出自己对现象的观点：as far as I am concerned, as for me, in my opinion (view eyes), _.Model:Recently/ Nowadays, / In recent years, / Presently, _ has become a common part / occurrence of our daily life. Many reasons contribute to / lead to / result in/ can account for _. To begin with, _. Secondly, _. Moreover, _. As for me, _. As we know, _. Furthermore, _. In a word, _. 例文2003年9月真题 Reading regularly has long become a common part of peoples life. And reading preference has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is according to the table, the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, which shows that the circulation of popular fictions, general nonfictions, science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books accounts for 65.9%,18.2%,10.8%and 5.1% respectively. The reasons for the phenomenon are varied.Among the various reasons, the appealing content of the popular fictions plays an important part. That is to say, thanks to its appealing plot, popular fictions attract more people than other types of books do. What is more, science and art books which require readers knowledge on relevant fields are highly demanding. For example, its hard for students majoring in chemistry to understand Brownings poems, and vice versa.When talking about my reading preference, I think I prefer to science books. On the one hand, in order to deepen what Im specializing in, I need read more books relevant to my major. On the other hand, these books can also broaden our horizons. In brief, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs.四、 图表作文图表作文其实就是以上三种议论文中的一种，唯一的特别之处就在于：问题 或现象 是通过描述图表的方式表现出来。Table(表格): 表示多种事物之间的相互关系curve graph (曲线图) line graph (线形图) ：表示事物上升或下降的趋势pie chart (饼状图) : 用来表示各种事物在总数100%中所占的比例 bar chart (柱形图): 事物在同一时期上升或下降的情况重点： 读懂图表中数字变化的深层含义， 抓住主要问题。结构： A: 对图表的描述B: 对图表的概况C: 对图表所做的结论或分析原因句型：1. The table/ chart/ graph shows/ displays/ describes/ demonstrates / reflects/ illustrates / reveals that _图形所反映的现象或问题_2. According to the table, _.3. As is shown in the bar chart, _.4. As can be seen from the table, _.5. From the table, we can see that _.6. It can be seen from the table that _.7. It can be concluded from the table that _.8. The table reflects the changes in the number of _over the periods from 1990 to 2010.增加：increase, rise, be on the rise, go up, climb, mount减少：decrease, shrink, reduce, decline, fall, drop, go down稳定： remain stable/ level / unchanged / constant稳步地： steadily, gradually, smoothly急剧地： sharply, steeply, dramatically, drastically, suddenly显著地： remarkably, rapidly, noticeably, significantly, considerably缓慢地： slowly, mildly, slightly起伏不定：go up and down, wave, fluctuate, be unstable, be flexible Eg: The number of population in our country has sharply decreased by 40% in the past 20 years.It accounts for 15% of the total. 占据总数的15%By comparison with / compared with 1999, it dropped from 10 to 5 per cent. 同1999年相比，从10个百分点下降到5个百分点。注意以下两个的区别：Increase by 40% 增加了40% increase to 40%增加到40%例文 Family Bank Deposits The period 1984-1998 saw a great increase in family bank deposits in chinas cities and towns. （topic sentence 中心句） In 1984, the average family deposits were 1338 yuan while in 1998 it rose to 32000 yuan. Conpared with the total bank deposits in 1984, the mount in 1998 was 19.4 times as much as that year. ( 描述图表)Several factors may contribute to this change. First, with the development of reform and open-up, the family income has greatly increased and people have more spare money to put in the bank. Second, people are no longer content to buy inexpensive appliances and they save money to purchase more expensive items. Third, some families still consider depositing money in the bank is a good means of investment. (对图表所做的分析原因)From the above analysis, we can see clearly that as long as we adhere to reform and open-up policy, the family income will continue to increase and meanwhile the family will have more extra money deposit in the bank. (对图表所做的结论)五、 应用文 letter Date Dear ,. Yours sincerely, Signature(署名)正文部分通常由三部分组成：问候语+ 中心部分+ 结尾问候语： 客套话How are you? How time flies! I m glad/sorry to hear that .Your kind letter of 日期 arrived this morning.Thank you for your letter dated March 17th,2010.中心部分：详细说明写信的目的结尾： 表达谢意 或期待回复 Best wishes to you Please remember me to your family. （请代我向你家人问好） Please give my love / regards / best wishes to . With my best wishes I do hope. I am looking forward to your early reply I am awaiting for your good news.Thank you for your time and consideration.范文1.邀请信 March 21st, 2010 Dear June,Ive just heard from your parents that youve back in England and looking for a new job. While you are waiting, why dont you come down and see us for a few days or longer - weve got a spare room? It has not begun to rain yet so, with luck, we ought to be able to visit a few places in the area, even take a walk on the beach.Well, think about it and we both hope you can come. Yours lovingly, Adam邀请： we would like to invite you to . Is there any chance of you coming to. We wonder if you would like to come to . We think itd a good idea if 邀请信及答复1