八年级英语8B Unit 3词组、句型及语法复习提纲.doc

8B Unit 3词组、句型及语法复习提纲一、词组或短语序号ChineseEnglish1我不知道。I have no idea. = I dont know.2的设计者the designer of.3查找/搜索信息search for information4通过收音机on/over the radio5编写电脑程序write computer programs6反对/介意(某人)做某事mind (ones) doing sth.7发送和接电子邮件send and receive e-mails8面世、出来、(花)开放come out9电视的一部分part of a TV10在同时at the same time11打开/开闭(电器)turn on/off调高/调低(音量)turn up/down12主要人物(主角)main character13躺在草地上lie on the grass14入睡(无意识)fall asleep入睡(有意识)go/get to sleep15做了个奇怪的梦have a strange dream16获得足够的分数earn/get enough points17将带到某地去carry off to sw.18扮演角色play the role of19花费某人时间做某事take sb. some time to do sth.20通过测试你的英语知识by testing the knowledge of Englishif if 21发现是find sb/sth (to be ) adj./n.22卖完/被卖完sell out /be sold out23涉及很多主题cover many topics24一套光盘a set of CD-ROMs25存储信息store information26用来做某事use for doing sth. = use to do sth.被用来做某事be used for doing sth. =be used to do sth.27被用来做某事be used to do sth. =be used for doing sth.习惯于做某事be used to doing sth.(过去)曾经做某事used to do sth.28把.保存在硬盘上keep on the hard disk29出现在屏幕上appear on the screen30将A连接到B上connect A to B将A与B连接起来connect A with B31(游戏等)背景被设定在地球上be set on Earth32重新始启动电脑restart the computer33总共10个问题a total of ten questions 34把存在硬盘上keep on the hard disk35八小时内环球(旅行)around the world in eight hours36用亮紫色被标上记号be marked in bright purple37以.为开始start with = begin with38点击图标click on the icon双击自动运行图标double click (on) the “auto-run” icon39感官动词用法听某人做某事listen to sb. do sth.听某人正在做某事listen to sb. doing sth.40在思想里(在脑海里)in the mind41举行一次作文比赛hold a writing competition 42计算机的不同用途different uses of computers二、Unit 3必掌握句型：1. The old should be taken good care of (by us )2. I usually use it to search for information. (=I usually use it for searching for information.)3. Each level will take you about half an hour to finish.= It will take you about half an hour to finish each level.4.-Do you mind telling me how to use this function? -No, not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.三、语法：注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。一、 被动语态的结构与用法： 结构：be +done (过去分词) 被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。注：被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。用法：例：istory is made by the people. (一般现在时)he cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. (一般过去时)The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时) he room must be kept clean.（含有情态动词的被动语态）The door is being opened.（现在进行时） The film has been seen by me.（现在完成时）二、 主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：把原句中的宾语改成主语 动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)三 特殊句型的被动语态： (以下为常见考点 )含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。例：Mother often makes me do some housework. I am often made to do some housework by mother.We saw him run into the classroom. He was seen to run into the classroom by us.We saw him running into the classroom. He was seen running into the classroom. teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。 例：She gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me. I was given a pen by her. A pen was given to me by her.My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me. I was bought a new bike by my father. A new bike was bought for me by my father.由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。例：We should speak to old people politely. Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。(宾补放在原来位置不变)例：We call him Xiao Ma. 主谓宾 宾补 He is called Xiao Ma by us.He found the book very interesting. The book was found very interesting by him.三 没有被动语态的动词：1. 没有被动语态的词， 表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了) 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态2. 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die, disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread(传播), stand, come true, fall asleep, .大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) taste(尝起来)等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例：The skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。Many changes have happened in our hometown. The film las