英文病例汇报常用体格检查术语.docx

英文病例汇报常用体格检查术语 1、肋骨和软组织ribs and soft tissure胸骨上切迹suprasternal notch浮肋free ribs胸壁chest wall扁平（桶状、佝偻、漏头、鸡）胸flat (barrel,rachitic, funnel, pigeon) chest皮下气肿subcutaneous emphysema捻发音Crepitus佝偻病串珠rachitic rosary软骨病chondrosteoma脂肪瘤lipoma软骨发育不全achondroplasia (chondrodysplasia)软组织损伤soft tissue injury肋骨畸形abnormality of the ribs(rib deformity, costal anomaly)肋骨串珠（错位）beading (displacement) of rib肋软骨畸形costochondral deformity肋软骨增生costal cartilage hyperplasia肋下切口subcostal incision肋间隙宽（窄）wide (narrow) intercostal space2、乳房breast对称性symmetry乳头内陷（内缩）crater (retracted) nipple乳头皱裂cracked nipple乳头偏斜（抬高）nipple skewness(elevation)乳头溢液nipple discharge乳头脓肿（溃疡、血肿）abscess (ulcer, hematoma) of nipple乳头过小hypomastia乳斑milk spots乳房潮红breast flush乳房出血mastorrhagia乳房过早发育premature thelarche乳房肿胀（脓肿）mammary swelling(abscess)乳房湿疹eczema mammae乳房下垂mastoptosis (pendulous breast)乳房萎缩mastatrophy巨乳macromastia乳晕mammary areola乳房硬化zaranthan医.学.全.在线.网.站.提供异常泌乳abnormal lactation男子女性化乳房gynecomastism乳房皮肤红肿erythroswelling of mammary skin乳房桔皮征mammary orange-peel sign乳记局限性凹陷mammary localized pitting乳房瘘管breast fistula正常女性乳房normal female breasts无压痛性肿块nontender mass3、肺lung呼吸缓慢（急促）bradypnea (tachypnea)呼吸浅慢（深快）hypopnea (hyperpnea)呼吸不规则irregular respiration点头呼吸nodding breathing端坐呼吸orthopnea三凹征retraction sign of three fossae叹息样呼吸sighing respiration浅快shallow and rapid呼（吸）气性呼吸困难expiratory (inspiratory) dyspnea呼吸道烧伤（塌陷）burn (collapse) of respiratory tract(airway)呼吸道阻塞respiratory tract obstruction呼吸均匀（呼吸加深或加快）eupnea(exaggerated or acclerated respiratory)呼吸停止apnea呼吸费力respiration is labored语音（触觉）震颤vocal (tactile) fremitus语颤相等（减弱、增强）vocal fremitus is equal(diminished, accentuated)间接（直接）叩诊mediate (immediate) percussion 浊（实、鼓、清、过清、金属）音dullness (flatness, tympany, vesicular resonance, hyperresonance, bell)移动范围range of movement医学.全.在线.网.站.提供 呼吸音消失（减弱，增强）absence (diminution, exaggeration) of breath sound呼吸音粗（清）sound of breath(SOB) is rough (clear)支气管（支气管肺泡，肺泡）音bronchophony (bronchovesicular sound, vesicular sound)管状呼吸音tubular breath sound捻发音crepitant rales爆裂音crackles干（湿）罗音dry (moist) rales细（中等、粗）罗音fine (medium, coarse) rales呼（吸）气未罗音end-inspiratory (expiratory) rales胸膜摩擦音pleural friction rub呼（吸）气延长prolonged inspiratory (expiratory)高（低）调鼾音sibilant (sonorous) rhonchi (sonorous rales)哨笛音sibilant rales哮鸣音wheezing小（中、大）水泡音small(middle, big) bubbles支气管语音bronchophony耳语音whispered羊鸣音egophony高（低）音调high (low)-pitched两肺部（右背部）over both lung fields (right back)两（左）肺底over the both (left) lower lung整个肺野the whole lung field左（右）上（下）肺the left (right) upper (lower) lung肺尖（底）apex (base) of lung4、心脏Heart用手掌（指尖）触诊心尖搏动palpate apical area with palm(fingertips)心前区隆起（凹陷）precordial bulge (retraction)搏动弥漫（局限）diffuse (local) pulsation负性搏动inward inpulse心尖搏动apex beat (apical impulse)剑突下搏动xiphoideusal pulsaton抬举性心尖搏动heaving apex impulse心尖搏动最强点point of maximal impulse (PMI)锁骨中线mid-calvicular line (MCL)肋间intercostal space (ICS)收缩（舒张）期震颤systolic (diastolic) thrill心浊音界the border of cardiac dullnes心绝对（相对）浊音界扩大（缩小）enlarged (diminished) absolute (relative) cardiac dullness叩诊心脏大小正常heart size is normal on (to) percussion心脏向左（右）扩大cardiac dilation (enlargement) to the left (right)第1（2、3、4）心音S1(S2,S3,S4)第1心音增强（减弱，听不清）first heart sound is exaggerate (decreased, muffled)生（病）理性杂音（分裂）physiologic (pathological) murmur (splitting)生理性（固定、反常、逆）分裂physiologic (fixed, paradoxical, reversed) splitting肺动脉瓣第2心音(=，(=，)A2大炮音connon sound心音消失heart sound is absent (disapeared)心音增强（减弱）accentuated (diminished) cardiac sound心音响亮（遥远）cardiac sound is loud (distant)收缩期（舒张期，连续性）杂音systolic (diastolic, continuous) murmur收缩（舒张）前（中、晚）期杂音pre-(mid-, post) systolic (diastolic) murmur全收缩期的holosystolic(pansystolic)全舒张期的holodiastolic (pandiastolic)低（高）音调low (high) pitched递减（递增，递减-递增）性杂音decrescendo (crescendo, decrescendo-crescendo)murmur呈喷射型be ejection in type级喷射型收缩期杂音grade (I-/6) systolic ejection murmur吹风样杂音murmur of puffing character低音调隆隆样low-pitched rumbling quality柔和（粗糙）的soft (harsh or rough)吹风样（喷射性、隆隆样、沙沙声样、搔抓声样、机器声样、汽笛声样、倒水声样）杂音blowing (ejection, rumbling, rustting, scratching, machinary, whistling, pouring )murmur功能性（器质性）杂音functional (organic) murmur血管（静脉）杂音vascular (venous) murmur枪击音pistol shot sound医学全.在线网.站.提供静脉营营音venous hum奔马律gallop rhythm胎心律embryocardia心律齐（不齐）regular (irregular) rhythm心律不齐arrhythmia二（三）联律bigeminy (trigeminy)早搏premature (extrasystol)喀嗽音click钟摆律pendular rhythm二尖瓣开瓣音mitral opening snap心包摩擦音pericardial friction sound听诊on auscultation二尖瓣（主瓣，肺瓣，三尖瓣）听诊区mitral (aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid) valve area心包叩击音pericardial knock肿瘤扑落音tumor plop5、腹部abdomen腹（妊娠）纹abdominal striae (striae gravidarum)腹膨隆abdominal distention (prominence)腹平坦（凹陷）abdominal flatness (retraction)蛙状（球状、舟状）腹frog(bulbous, scaphoid) belly (abdomen)腹围增大increased abdominal girth肠型intestinal pattern梯形腹ladder-shaped abdomen胃（小肠）蠕动波gastric (intestinal) peristaltic wave静脉曲张varicosity (dilated tortuous vein)疤痕scar腹壁紧张（松驰）guarding (abdominal muscular relaxation)腹壁切口（创伤）incision (wound) of abdominal wall腹部分区abdominal region左（右）上（下）腹left (right) upper (lower) quadrant脐膨出projection of the umbilicus腹式呼吸abdominal (diaphragmatic) breathing腹壁松弛lax abdominal wall肝肿大hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)脾肿大splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen)右肋下5厘米5 cm below the right costal margin肿块（肝）质硬firm mass (liver)莫菲氏征murphys sigh肌卫现象muscle guarding (tension)反跳痛rebound tenderness压痛点tenderness point剑突下压痛tenderness beneath the xiphoid process麦氏点压痛McBurneys point tenderness腹肌强直（板状腹，板样强直）rigor of abdominal muscle (wooden belly, board-like rigidity)柔韧感dough kneeding sensation医学.全在线波动感fluctuation腹股沟疝inguinofemoral hernia腹壁反射abdominal reflex腹水征sign of ascites膀胱肿大bladder expansion膀胱区（脊肋角）压痛tendernes