四级英语选词填空练习.doc

Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated _47 _? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date. Many people are afraid to assert(表现)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks its because their self-respect is low. Our whole _48 _ is designed to make people distrust themselves, says Alberti. Theres always _49 _ around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who knows better. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image. But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people _50 _ themselves. They _51 _ assertiveness training courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more _52 _ without hurting other people. In one way. learning to speak out is to _53 _ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger _54 _-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels. Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more important than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to _55 _ your own good sense. You go by the other persons _56_ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.A doubt B active C system D offer E unfairly F unfortunately G motive I peace J demand K ask L superior M overcome N confidence O roar-47. E 结合句意“当别人对你_时，你是否曾经不敢反驳?”在备选项的副词中，E(不公平地)最符合文章。48. C 结合句意“我们整个_的目的就是让人们怀疑自己”，再根据备选项中的名词释义，C最符合文章。且文章的下两句都是对这一system的解释。49. L 下文提到的These superiors即指空格所缺内容，故L正确。50. H 该空应填入动词原形。由上文提到的Many people are afraid to assert themselves和下文提到的assertiveness training courses可推知，H最符合文意。51. D 结合句意“他们(科学家)_自信训练课程”来看选项，D最符合文意。52. B 上文和空格所在句都提到通过学习课程能给人们带来很多益处，由此推测该空应填入一个含积极之意的形容词，故B(活跃的)符合文章。53. M 结合句意“在某种程度上，学会大声说出来的目的就是_恐惧心理”可知，M(战胜)最符合句意。54. G 结合句意“但AT采用一个更为强大的_，即互相分享的需要”来看选项，G(动机)最符合文意。55. A 结合常理和上文提到的If someone you face is moreimportantthan you, you may feel less of a person可推知，此时人很容易怀疑自我，故A符合文意。56. J 该空应填入名词，结构句意“你依照别人的_行事”和下文对此的否定可推知，J最符合文意。 It seems you always forgetyour reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-mindedness may be 47 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 48 sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 49 the user to label items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 50 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 51 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in. It could be used in 52 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 53 device. A spokesman for the project said: A car mechanic for 54 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 55 accident black spots or dangers on the road. In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 56 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. A allow B instance C blank D industrialE frustratingF itemsG indicating H highlight I userJ complicated K white L annoying M successfulN articlesO simple-47. E 空格处需填一形容词，即从E、J、L、M中选择。过去分词一般用于主语是人的句子，排除J;结合常理，忘性大常常令人懊恼，故E最符合文章。48. I 根据定语从句谓语see可知，主语要么是人要么是眼镜，由下句the use的提示，故选I。49. A 该空需填入一个动词，即从备选项A、H中选择，有allow sb. to do sth.的结构，且语义符合文意，故选A。50. F 由上文的label items可推知F最符合文意。51. C 该空需填入一个形容词，由下文的fill in可推知C(空白的)最符合文意。52. D 由该句中的相关信息词mechanics(机械师)和identify machine parts可推知D最符合文意。53. J 该空需填入一个形容词修饰名词device(设备)，由常识可知工厂里的设备通常都很复杂，正因为复杂，不容易记住，才有必要使用这种新型眼镜，故J最符合文意。54. B 该句主句的基本句子结构是A car mechanic could find where a part is，介词for和应填的词在句中作插入万分，结合选项，B最符合文意。55. H 该空应填入动词原形，从词义上能排出A，H符合文意。56. G 分析句子结构可知，该空应填入一个非谓语动词，结合句意“在其他情况下，人们可以戴着这种眼镜随团旅游，_名胜景点”可知，G(指示)最符合文意。In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 47_ using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be 48_, of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also 49_ problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50_, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from 51_ at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students 52_ a common ground in each others cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is 53_ for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54_ certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can 55_. It isnt always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.A)field B)possess C)considered D)express E)offer F)create G)required H)of I)emerge J)make K)lack L)however M)scope N)cause O)that-47. 【答案】H)【解析】选of 。使用外国教师的优点和缺点必须仔细权衡，此处空格填介词of。48. 【答案】C)【解析】选considered。consider意思是“考虑，认为”。使用外国教师的优点和缺点必须仔细权衡，此处用被动语态。 49. 【答案】F)【解析】选create。create意思是“产生，制造”。国外的教师资源也会产生些问题。50. 【答案】L)【解析】选however。本句与前一句意思为转折关系，而且转折词在前，因此用连词however。51. 【答案】O)【答案】选that。他必须适应管理严密的大学体系，而这一点是与他国内的大学体系大不相同的。that是指代大学体系。52. 【答案】K)【解析】选lack。所有外来教授和他的学生都缺乏文化共同性。53. 【答案】G)【解析】选required。外来教授需要接受美国学生头脑里已存在的那些概念。54. 【答案】J)【解析】选make。“做些调整”用动词make。大学必须做出适当的调整。55. 【答案】E)【解析】选offer。offer意思是“提供，供应”。 56. 【答案】A)【解析】选field。field意思是“领域”。这是一个有待进一步研究的领域。Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you dont have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.A positiveB additional C durationD effectiveE shedF physicalG foodH functions I participatedJ relyK cut L repeatedlyM usesN littleO obvious-47. E 该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要_”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。48. F 结合常识和下文可知，F最符合文意。49. A 结合句意“令人惊奇的是，为了看到长期_效果你不必节食或常去健身馆”，可知空格处需填一形容词，初选后留下A、D。由于下文只是讲到运动会帮助减肥，但并未说明它的效果明显，所以此处宜选用意思上更宽泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。50. H 下文举例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人体的基本功能，且其后的functioning已给出了提示，故H最符合文意。51. B 该空需填入形容词，结合常识和句意“任何时候只要你活动，你都需要_能量”来看选项，B(额外的)符合文意。52. C 该句句意为“采用这两种能量消耗来源中的哪一种取决于你活动的强度和_”，结合下文提到的.low to moderately intense and of long duration.可知C最符合文意。53. J 结合句意“(活动的)强度越低，身体越_于脂肪作为其燃料”，该空应填入能和on搭配的动词，J最符合文意。54. D 结合常识可知，有氧运动是最有效的减肥方式，选项中D最符合文意。55. L 该空需填入副词，选项中只有L和N可作副词，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在这些有氧运动中四肢的活动是反复的，故排除N。56. I 该空需填入动词的过去分词，结合句意“如果你已经_高强度、爆发性的运动，你会燃烧更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.Weve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time, said one scientist.A RecentlyB consumersC chemicalsD environmentE combineF transparentG buyH companion I expertsJ formsK buryL paperM paperN plasticO Usually-47. E 该空应填入动词原形，选项中只有E、G和K是动词原形。文章前两句点明两者是截然不同的东西，这里用but一转，讲能不能把两者结合起来，E最符合文章。48. D 本题需通读下文，对整篇文章有所了解才能得出答案。由下文的相关信息词biodegradable (生物可降解的)，recycle(回收)等可知D最符合文意。49. K 该名前半句讲手机报废，所以极可能是把废弃的手机扔进或埋进花园，动词原形的E. G. K中，K最符合文意。50. A 分析空格所在句的句子结构，空格处应充当状语成分且需大写，结合词义，选项中A符合文意。51. B 结合句意“这种新型手机有望激励_进行回收利用”可推知此空应填入表示人的名词，故B最符合文意。52. N 前句提到科学家开发了一种新材料，接着谈到这种新材料像其他_一样容易塑形，这正是塑料的特性，故选N。53. C 空格所在句意为“随着时间的流逝，它也能分解到土壤里，而且不会释放出任何有毒的_”，分解多半与化学有关，所以空格处应填入chemicals(化学物质)。54. J 该空需填入第三人称单数的动词形式，选项中只有J符合文意。55. F 该空需填入一个形容词，选项中只有F和O是形容词，F(透明的)符合文意。因为只有透明的才方便工程师观察，才有下面的make sure一说。56. I 由句意“但我们(工程师)现在正和植物_合作”可知，空格处应选表一类人的名词，且用可数形式，B、I中I符合文意。Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 47 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, distributing reading material and giving out 48 .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and wonders what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 49 notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the 50 to understand.Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be 51 listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 52 learners to practice these skills independently. In all cases it is important to 53 the problem before actually starting your studies.It is important to 54 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of 55 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic 56 is to find a study partner with whom it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.Awith Fenable KassignmentsBeffective Gacknowledge LinformationCstrategy Hillustrating MaverageDtackle Isustain NadvocateEstudents Jignore Oovercoming-47.【解析】H选illustrating。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容，写出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明，举例说明。48.【解析】K选assignments。assignments作业，任务。49.【解析】A选with。with结构在此表示伴随的结果，说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。50.【解析】E选students。此句意为：学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。51.【解析】B选effective。effective有效的。52.【解析】F选enable。enable sb. to do sth.使人能够干什么。53.【解析】D选tackle。此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”，此处to tackle problem意为“解决问题”。54.【解析】G选acknowledge。这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难，这是很重要的”。所以选acknowledge承认，认可。55.【解析】O选overcoming。克服困难用overcome difficulty。56.【解析】C选strategy。此句意为：另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theresa big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of _2_ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. Youve got to want to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer.The reality is that writing is a _3_, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never _4_. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I had no _5_ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was _6_and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a _7_ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to _8_ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat _9_ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with _10_and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubt E) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospects I) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awarded M) alone N)wealth O)cold-1.选K。 此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家的人，而不是怀疑也不是说服，故排除doubt和persuade而选encourage。2.选N。由空格后的fame可知，此处应填名词。可选项有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 与第二段中The reality is. poor-paying可推知，那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉，而不是前途，故排除prospects而选wealth。3.选E。此处应填形容词，private, poor-paying一起修饰affair。选项中有lonely和alone,能修饰affair的只有lonely,alone表示“孤独的”时，通常作表语，故排除alone而选lonely。4.选C。此处应填动词的被动形式。可选项有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“（为所希望的举动得到的）回报”，后者作动词时表示“颁发，授予”，故只有rewarded符合题意而排除awarded。5.选H。此处应填名词。“当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队20年工作成为一个自由撰稿人时，没有任何.可言”，可选项有prospects和wealth，但wealth一般指抽象意义上的“金钱”，因此排除wealth而选prospects“前途”。6.选O。it指代的是apartment building，从had no bathroom可知这个公寓条件很差，选项中只有cold能说明公寓的条件差，故选择O)cold。7.选B)。“我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机，感觉自己就好像是一个.的作家”，由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家，故选项中只有genuine“真正的”符合题意。8.选D。由空格前的to可知，此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadnt gotten a break在写作上还没任何进展”，所以此处应理解为他开始怀疑自己选择是否正确，doubt符合文意。9.选A)。that从句结构完整，后面有made，故此处应填副词。可选项有barely和impossibly，因that引导的从句是对story的解释，再由hard一词可推知，此处应填的副词应表达肯定的意思，故排除impossibly而选barely“仅仅，刚刚”。10.选I)。由空格后的and可知，此处应填名词。由fear of failure可知，所填词应表示不好的境遇，可选项有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知，此处强调的是生活的变化无常，而不是生活的贫困，故选uncertainty。Its never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often youve judged roughly, said _1_ things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and _2_ that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isnt it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is _3_, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and _4_ is expressed.I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and st