2015年学大教育艺考生课程——词汇 第二十四讲 复习19-24讲(教案.doc

2015年学大教育艺考生课程词汇 第二十四讲 复习19-24讲（教案）适用学科英语适用年级高三艺考适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）60知识点名词辨析；动词辨析；形容词辨析；副词辨析；动词短语辨析；完成句子；句子翻译教学目标知识：1. 快速复习掌握本单元词汇。2. 快速扩词汇量方法：1. 老师和学生一起翻译短文并从中找出自己不认识的词汇。 2. 学生将不认识的词汇整理到笔记本上，并默写出所整理的词汇的 汉语意思 能力：1. 能根据老师所翻译的文章快速记住生词的汉语意思。2. 能通过不断上涨的词汇量快速提高阅读能力。教学重点课文中的重点单词、短语及相关句型的掌握和运用教学难点重点单词、短语的灵活运用教学过程一、课堂导入阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Hostess: Today, in this studio, we have Alberto Cuties, the wellknown Brazilian advocator of the antiglobal movement. Hes here to talk about the recent report stating _11_ by 2050, Brazil will be one of the worlds _12_ (wealthy) and most successful countries. Alberto, what do you say about this report?Alberto: You know this isnt _13_ first time that people are saying Brazil will be a great economic power. The same thing _14_ (say) over 100 years ago, but it didnt happen.Hostess: Yes, but you _15_ admit the worlds a very different place now. Alberto: Of course. In fact, I believe that there may be some truths in the _16_ (predict) this time around. First of all, though, we must remember the problems _17_ (face) Brazil at the moment.Hostess: Such as?Alberto: Theres an enormous gap _18_ the rich and the poor in this country. In San Paulo, you can see shopping malls _19_ of designer goods right next door to the slum areas without proper water or electricity supplies. A lot of work needs to _20_ (do) to help people in those areas improve their lives.答案：11.that 12.wealthiest 13.the 14.was said 15.must 16.predictions 17.facing 18.between 19.full 20.be done二、复习预习 1）The important words in this passage:1.theme n. _ 2.central adj. _3.various adj. _ 4.cartoon n. _5.whichever pron. _ 6.pirate n. _7.fantasy n. _8.amusement n. _9.swing n. _ 10.attraction n. _11.tourism n. _ 12.unique adj. _13.carpenter n._ 14.engine n. _15. preserve v&n. _16.length n. _ 17.deed n. _18.settler n_19.translator n. _20. cloth n. _21.jungle n. _22.creature n. _23.brand n. _24souvenir n. _【答案】1题目；主题2 中心的；中央的3 不同的；各种各样的4漫画；动画片5 无论哪一个6海盗.7 幻想；怪念头8消遣；娱乐9. 秋千；摇摆10 有吸引力的事物11旅游业12 独一无二的；仅有的13 木匠14 引擎；发动机15 保存；保留&保护区16 长度17 行动；事迹18 . 移民；殖民者19. 译员；翻译20布 21丛林22生物；动物23商标；牌子24纪念品2）The important phrases in this passage:1.a variety of_2.chargefor_3.be based on _4. have sth done _5.point out _6.provide sb. with_7.try out _8.come to life _9 in advance _10.be modeled after_11.no wonder _12be famous for _【答案】1 各种各样的2 向收费3 以为基础 4 使得；让被做5 指出 6 提供 7 试验8 活跃起来9 提前10. 根据模仿；仿造11难怪；不足为奇12.以而闻名三、知识讲解（一）重点知识总结与解析1）The important words in this unit: 1.represent v_ 2.brighten v. _3.depressed adj. _ 4.content adj. n. v. _5.astonish v. _ 6.performer n. _7.astonishing adj. _8.fortunate adj. _9.curious adj. _ 10.ordinary adj. _11.bored adj. _ 12.entertain v_13.charming adj. _ 14.misunderstand v_15.homeless adj. _16.worn adj. _ 17.failure n. _18.overcome v _19.convince v_20.disturbing adj. _21confidence n._22 vast adj. _23outstanding adj._24amuse v _25adult n. _ 26.ease n&v_27.anger n. _ 28rank n. _29. achievement n. _30. worthwhile adj. _31. support v_ 32. deliver v_ 33.Struggle v_【答案】1 代表；象征2 使更愉快 3 忧愁的4满足的& 满足&使满足5 使惊诧6表演者；演出者7 令人感到惊讶的8 幸运的；吉利的9. 好奇的10 平常的；普通的11厌烦的 12 使欢乐；款待13 迷人的；有魅力的14 误解，误会15 无家的；无家可归的 16 用旧的；用坏的；17 失败（者）18战胜；克服19. 使信服20引起烦恼的 21信心；信念22巨大的；辽阔的23 突出的；杰出的；24使发笑；使愉快25. 成人；成年人26. 安逸；舒适&减轻27. 怒气；怒火28.等级；军衔29.成就，功绩 30.值得的，值得做的31支持，拥护 32. 递送，生（小孩） 33.斗争；拼搏 2）The important phrases in this unit:1.struggle for _ 2.look down on/ upon_3. devoteto_ 4. thanks to _5. ridof _6.be satisfied with _7.lead a life _8.used to _9.refer to _10.be rich in _11.insist on doing _12pay attention to _13. be likely to _14. take action _15. a sense of_16. be set in _17. by chance _18.bump into _【答案】1 为斗争2 蔑视，瞧不起 3 把奉献给 4 由于 5 使摆脱 6 对满足7 过着生活 8 过去常常9 谈及；提到10. 富含11坚持做12. 注意13.有可能14.采取行动15.观念16. 以为背景 17. 碰巧，凑巧 18.撞上（二） 知识点讲解：知识点1Represent v代表；象征教材原句Yesterday, another student and I, representing our universitys student association, went to the capital International Airport to meet this years international students.【例句体会】He was chosen to represent the company at the conference.他被公司选为会议代表。一句背诵The king is represented as a cruel man in the play.剧中国王的形象是一个残忍的人。【归纳拓展】(2)representation n表现；描述；描绘；表现形式make representation to .与交涉；向提出抗议(3)representative n代表adj.典型的；有代表性的【易混辨析】represent, on behalf of, stand forrepresent：指“代表某人/某团体/政府等；某种标志代表什么；某物(书、雕像等)表现的是什么”或“把某人/物描绘成什么”。on behalf of：只作状语，指“代表/代替某人”。stand for：常用来指字母、数字、符号等“代表/象征什么”。【即时练习】.完成句子Who will represent our government talks at the conference?谁将代表政府在会上发言？He represented himself a friend of us.他自称是我们的朋友。I will represent the risk he is running.我要向他指明他所面临的险境。.对比填空The letters PLA the Peoples Liberation Army.He spoke all the members of the school.He our school to take part in the competition.答案：to give to be to him stand for on behalf of represented 知识点2： defence n.防御；保卫教材原句She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.【例句体会】He did his best to defend us from harm.他竭尽全力保护我们免受伤害。The accused man had a lawyer to defend him.被告有律师为其辩护。【归纳拓展】【易混辨析】defend, protect, guarddefend：指用武力或其他措施来保护某人或某物，使其在面临危险时不受损害，受其保护的对象既可以是具体的如国土、家园及人员等)，也可以是抽象的(如权利、利益及政治观点等)，该词语义最强。protect：侧重保护自己免受外部伤害。guard：指格外小心地“防范”或“警戒”实际存在的或可能出现的危险，防止可能发生的攻击或侵害。【即时练习】.对比填空Their duty is to the country against its enemy.He raised his arm to his face.The dog was its owners house.答案：defend protect guarding 知识点3：campaign n.运动；战役vi.作战；参加运动教材原句Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines.你的朋友来到学校心烦意乱。【要点提示】campaign在句中作名词，意为“运动”。其后常与介词for/against连用。【例句体会】The police began a campaign to reduce road accients.警方发起了一场减少道路交通事故的运动。一句背诵We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years.我们最近15年一直在参加反对捕鲸的运动。【即时练习】.选择填空A.n.运动Bn.战役Cvi.作战Dvi.参加运动They are campaigning to save the area from building development. .They campaigned alongside the friendly forces. .He got killed in the Spanish campaign. .They started a campaign against ageism (年龄歧视) in the workplace. .【易混辨析】campaign, battle, warcampaign：“战役”，指一连串的有目的的军事行动，规模比battle大。还可用来表示“政治、 商业、竞选等活动”。battle：“战斗”，指有组织的战斗，可以持续几小时，也可以持续几天。war：“战争”的总称，一般包括多个战役的大规模战争。【即时练习】.用campaign, battle, war填空They won the but lost the .They are planning to start a against smoking.During his election he promised to put the economy back on its feet.The two sisters are constantly at with each other.答案： D C B A battle ；war campaign campaign war知识点4：therefore adv.因此；所以；因而教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.He was caught cheating in the exam and therefore he was punished by his teacher.他被抓住在考试中作弊，因此他受到老师的惩罚。【易混辨析】therefore, so, for, then, thustherefore：是副词，可与and连用。so：是并列连词，连接从句。for：(不位于句首)“因为”，是并列连词。then：(兼作连词)“而且；此外”。thus：“因此”，作副词。【即时练习】.翻译句子我头疼，因此，我不能参加聚会。.对比填空He was very tired. he fell sound asleep.He was very tired he fell sound asleep.He took his hat and left.He forgot to turn on the radio and missed the programme.We must be off now the match starts at 7：00.答案： I had a headache,therefore,I couldnt go to the party. Therefore ;so then thus/therefore for 知识点5：likely adj.可能的教材原句However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.【要点提示】likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语。句中是likely的一个句型： be likely to do sth。【例句体会】Armed conflict is likely to break out between the two countries.这两国间有可能发生武装冲突。It is likely that he will win.他可能会获胜。【归纳拓展】【易混辨析】likely, possible, probablelikely：是指从外表、迹象上进行判断，有可能发生。possible指客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。probable的可能比possible大，表示“很可能；十有八九”。probable：只能用于It is probable that .句型中。possible：和probable都不能用人作主语，常用句型有：It is possible for sb to do sth或It is possible that .【即时练习】.同义句转换It is likely that she will ring me tonight.She me tonight.完成句子 they will lose the election.他们可能会在竞选中失败。The young man who works hard will be most succeed.那位工作刻苦的年轻人最有可能获得成功。.对比填空If you sleep short of 7 hours, you are three times to catch a cold.It seems that we might meet some unexpected troubles.Would it be for me to leave a message for her？ 答案： is likely to ring It is likely that likely to likely probable possible四、例题精析 【例题1】【题干】用 defend的适当形式填空She has employed several lawyers to her son. The land was flat,giving no scope for .【答案】1). defend 2). defence【解析】第一道题，to后面加动词原形，第二道题介词后面加名词形式。【例题2】【题干】用represent的适当形式或介词填空。1). My only aim is to the USA at the Olympic. 2). She had a stressful job as a sales .【答案】1).represent 2). representative 【解析】第一道题，to后面加动词原形represent.第二题指销售代表，要用名词。【例题3】【题干】用适当的介词（短语）填空。 1). They took up arms defence of their country.2).He made a long speech defending his views objection (反对)3) The soldiers fought in defence their countrys safety.【答案】 1). in 2).from 3) of 【解析】in defence of 为了防卫 defend .from .保护某人或某物 5、 课堂运用【基础】 根据单词变形1.argument（n.） _v答案：argue2inspired （adj）名词是_n/_adj._v答案：inspiration inspiring inspire 3.anger（n）_adj.答案： angry4.humor （n.） _adj答案：humorous5 .convince（v）_adj.答案： convincing 6.equip （v）_ n答案：equipment 【巩固】根据句意及汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。一）根据句意及汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。1.Ive _（取得） only half of what Id hoped to do.【答案】achieved【解析】动词时态的用法2.She _（致力于） all her efforts to her task.【答案】 devoted【解析】动词的用法3. The bad weather _（减少）grain harvests in the last couple of years.【答案】 reduced【解析】动词时态的用法4.We had a_ (努力)to stop the criminal.【答案】struggle【解析】名词的用法5.People are_ (困惑的) about all the different labels on food these days.【答案】 confused【解析】形容词的用法 6The famous film was _(导演) by Zhang Yimou.【答案】 directed【解析】被动语态的用法 7 Ben Kingsley _ _（主演） the film “Gandhi”. 【答案】starred in 【解析】词组的用法8 _ _（一般来说），your plan is good.【答案】 In general【解析】词组的用法9.Dont _ _ _ your friend. (背弃). 【答案】 turn your back to 【解析】词组的用法10.Hangzhou West Lake(以.为著名). 【答案】is famous for【解析】词组的用法【提高】英汉互译 一） 英译汉1.We should always bear in mind that if we are ignorant of our health for promotion, disease will gradually approach us with the help of tiredness.【答案和解析】我们应该牢记：如果我们为了晋升而忽略了我们的健康，疾病便会借助疲劳乘虚而入。2.There are so many reference books on this romantic poet for me to choose from that I cant make up my mind which to choose.【答案和解析】有那么多关于这位浪漫诗人的参考书可供选择，我无法决定选择哪一本。3.It seemed that the handsome actor was not a bit worried, but in fact, he was not a little concerned about the result of the investigation, which may destroy his bright future.【答案和解析】这名帅气的演员似乎一点也不着急，事实上他非常担心调查结果，因为这也许会毁了他的光明前途。4.I looked for the history book because I wanted to find out when America was founded, and at last I found the dusty book in a dim room.【答案和解析】我当时在找一本历史书，因为我想知道美国是何时建立的，最终我在一间昏暗的房间里找到这本布满灰尘的书。5.Unluckily,the delegate felt so sleepy that he soon fell asleep without realizing that he had left his passport and the draft of his speech in the taxi.【答案和解析】不幸的是，这位代表觉得很困很快就睡着了，并没有意识到他把自己的护照和演讲稿忘在了出租车上。二） 汉译英1. 据报道，在2014年年底前，上海迪士尼主题公园将正式向全世界的游客开放。【答案和解析】It is reported that by the end of 2014, Shanghai Disney Theme Park will have been open to the tourists from all over the world formally.2. 自从他离开这个机构后我们再也没有联系了，但幸运的是我仍可以毫不犹豫地在电视智力竞赛节目里认出他。【答案和解析】We havent contacted each other since he left the organization but fortunately I could still recognize him in a quiz show on TV without hesitation.3.这对快乐的老夫妻是1949年结得婚，到现在已经结婚60年了，这令无数年轻夫妇羡慕不已。【答案和解析】The merry aged couple got married in 1949 and up till now they have been married for 6 decades, which was admired by many young couples.4.出乎我们意料的是，这位年轻的职员信心满满地表达了他能胜任这个高要求的任务。【答案和解析】The young clerk expressed full of confidence that he was qualified for that demanding mission, which was beyond our expectation.5.他很渴望成功，于是请教一名成功的CEO如何成功运转一个合资公司。【答案和解析】He was so eager for success that he consulted a successful CEO about how to succeed in regulating a joint venture company.课程小结 本节课主要围绕必修四词汇进行多方位记忆，将精心挑选出的表达情感类的词汇、短语进行汇编串联，够成趣味文章。需要重点掌握的是除了本书的词汇 还有文章中出现的其他词汇的汉语意思。尽可能多的扩大词汇量，尽可能快的记住每个生词的意思，近年高考对词汇的考查越来越重视，因此，同学在通过词汇量的增大，快速提高了阅读能力，使整个高考题的卷面分数全面提高。六、课后作业【基础】 1. During his stay in our college, he often began his talk by _ his past experience as a soldier.A. turning to B. referring toC. sticking to D. speaking to答案与解析B句意：在我们学院停留期间，他经常从自己当士兵的经历说起，引出演讲的主题。turn to“求助于”，但其宾语是人，不可以是物； refer to“参考；查询；谈到；提到”； stick to“坚持”，故选B项。2.All her energies are _ upon children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A. guided B. aimedC. directed D. focused答案与解析D句意：她所有的精力都集中在孩子身上，她似乎很少有时间关注其他任何事情。guide“指导；指引”； aim“针对；目标”； direct“指引；给某人指路”； focus ones attention/eyes/energy on/upon .“集中注意力/视线/精力于”。题中all her energies作主语，故用被动语态。故选D项。3.The audiences were so _ by his humorous performance that they kept laughing all the time.A. moved B. frightenedC. entertained D. Shocked答案与解析C句意：观众被演员滑稽的表演逗得如此高兴，以至于他们一直笑个不停。由后面的kept laughing可知，此处应是“快乐的”， entertained“快乐的”。4Parents, of course, will do everything they could to _ their children from harm.A. defend B. convinceC. overcome D. reduce答案与解析A句意：父母当然会尽其所能来保护他们的孩子免受伤害。defend“保护；保卫”； convince“使相信”； overcome“克服”； reduce“减少”。5(2014盐城联考)A recent study suggests that teenagers who switch off the TV and sit down to family meals are less _ to suffer eating disorders. A. likely B. possibleC. probable D. sure 答案与解析A句意：最近的一项研究表明，关掉电视，坐下来与家庭一起聚餐的青少年不太可能患饮食失调症。likely可以与人作主语连用，主语是人时不能用possible或probable作表语。sure是“确信”的意思。【巩固】 Dr Yuan is quite satisfying with his life. However, he doesnt care about to be famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to d