GY01-041@CA6140车床法兰盘工艺规程及夹具设计
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GY01-041@CA6140车床法兰盘工艺规程及夹具设计,机械毕业设计全套
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-1-NC Technology1、Research current situation of NC lathe in our timesResearchanddevelopmentprocesstosuchvariouskindsofnewtechnologiesasnumericalcontrollathe,machiningcenter,FMS,CIMS,etc.ofcountriesallovertheworld, linked to with the international economic situation closely. The machine toolindustry has international economy to mutually promote and develop, enter 21 alerterasofWorldAffairs,thefunctionthatpeoplesknowledgeplaysismoreoutstanding,and the machine tool industry is regarded as the foundation of the manufacturingindustry of the machine, its key position and strategic meaning are more obvious.Within1991-1994years,theeconomicrecessionoftheworld,expensiveFMS,CIMSlowers the temperature, among 1995-2000 years, the international economy increasesat a low speed, according to requisition for NC lathe and the world four majorinternational lathes exhibitionin order to boostproductivity of users of various fieldsofpresentworldmarket(EMO,IMTS,JIMTOF,ChinaCIMTofJapanofU.S.A.ofEurope),havetheanalysisoftheexhibit,therearethefollowingseveralpointsmainlyinthetechnicalresearchofNClatheinourtimes:（1）、Pay more attention to new technology and innovationWorldwide , are launching the new craft , new material , new structure , newunit , research and development of the new component in a more cost-effectivemanner,developmental research of for instance new cutter material , the new electricmain shaft of main shaft structure , high speed , high-speed straight line electricalmachinery ,etc. Regard innovating in improvement of the processing technology asthe foundation, for process ultra and hard difficult to cut material and specialcomposite and complicated part , irregular curved surface ,etc. research and developnewlathevarietyconstantly.（2）、Improve the precision and research of machine toolingIn order to improve the machining accuracy of the machining center , arents-2-improvingrigidityofthelathe,reductionvibrationconstantly,dispelhotlyandoutofshape, reduce the noise , improve the precision of localization of NC lathe , repeatprecision,workingdependability,stability,precisionkeeping,worldalotofcountrycarry on lathe hot error , lathe sport and load out of shape software of errorcompensate technical research, take precision compensate , software compensatemeasure improve , some may make this kind of error dispel 60% already. And isdevelopingretrofitconstantly,nanometerisbeingprocessed.（3）、Improve the research of the machine tooling productivityWorld NC lathe, machining center and corresponding some development ofmain shaft , electrical machinery of straight line , measuring system , NC system ofhighspeed,undertheprerequisiteofboostingproductivity.（4）、What a lot of countries have already begun to the numerical controlsystem melt intelligently, openly, study networkedlyA、elligent research of the numerical control systemMainly showing in the following aspects: It is intelligent in order to pursue theefficiency of processing and process quality, the self-adaptation to the processingcourse is controlled, the craft parameter produces research automatically; Join theconvenientoneinordertoimprovetheperformanceofurginganduseintelligently,tothe feedback control , adaptive operation , discerning automatically load selectsmodelsautomatically,sincecarriesonresearchwholedefinitely,etc.oftheelectricalmachinery parameter; There are such research of the respect as intelligent automaticprogramming,intelligentman-machineinterface,intelligencediagnosing,intelligentmonitoring,etc.B、 The numerical control system melts and studies openMainly showing in the following aspects: The development of the numericalcontrol system is on unified operation platform, face the lathe producer and supportfinally, through changing, increasing or cutting out the structure target(numericalcontrol target ), form the seriation, and can use users specially conveniently and thetechnical know-how is integrated in the control system, realize the open numericalcontrol system of different variety , different grade fast, form leading brand productsnts-3-withdistinct distinction.System structure norm of the open numerical control systemat present, norm , disposing the norm , operation platform , numerical controlsystematic function storehouse and numerical control systematic function softwaredevelopinginstrument,etc.arethecoreofpresentresearchtopassthrough.C、Meeting the manufacture system of the production line , demand for theinformation integration of the manufacturing company networkedly greatly ofnumericalcontrolequipment,itisabasicunitofrealizingthenewmanufacturemodetoo.2、Classification of the machining center（1）Process according to main shaft space position when it classifies to beas follows, horizontal and vertical machining center.Horizontalmachining center,refer to the machining center that the axis level ofthemain shaft is setup .Horizontal machining center for 3-5 sportcoordinate axis,acommononethreerectilinearmotioncoordinateaxisandoneturnthecoordinateaxisofsportsround(turntheworkingbenchround),itcanoneisitisitfinishother4Taxiprocessingbesidesinstallingsurfacesandtopsurfacestoinserttoinstallinworkpiece,mostsuitablefor processing the case body work piece . Compared withstrength typemachining center it, the structure is complicated, the floor space is large, quality islarge,thepriceishigh.Vertical machining center, the axis of the main shaft of the vertical machiningcenter, in order to set up vertically, its structure is mostly the regular post type, theworkingbench is suitable for processing parts for the slippery one of cross, have 3rectilinear motion coordinate axis generally , can find a room for one horizontalnumerical control revolving stage (the 4th axle ) of axle process the spiral part atworkingbench.The vertical machiningcenter isofsimplestructure, the floorspace issmall, the price is low, after allocating various kinds of enclosures , can carry on theprocessingofmostworkpieces.Large-scalegantrymachiningcenter,themainshaftsaremostlysetupvertically,isespeciallyused inthe large-scale or withcomplicated formwork piece , isitspendthe many coordinate gantry machining center to need like aviation , aerospacents-4-industry,someprocessingofpartoflarge-scalesteamturbine.Five machining centers, this kind of machining center has function of thevertical and horizontal machining center, one is it after inserting , can finish all fiveTaxi processing besides installing the surface to install in work piece, the processingway can make form of work piece error lowest , save 2 times install and insertworking,thusimproveproductionefficiency,reducetheprocesscost.(2)Classify by craft useIs it mill machining center to bore, is it mill for vertical door frame machiningcenter , horizontal door frame mill the machining center and Longmen door framemillthemachiningcenter todivideinto.Processing technology itsrely mainlyonthefact that the door frame is milled, used in case body, shell and various kinds ofcomplicatedpartspecialcurveandlargeprocesses,curvedsurfaceofoutlineprocess,suitableformanyvarietiestoproduceinbatchessmall.Complexmachining center,pointfive times and compound and process mainly,themainshaftheadcanbeturnedroundautomatically,stand,lieandprocess,afterthemainshaftisturnedroundautomatically,realizeknowingthatvaries inthehorizontalandverticaldirection.(3)Classify by special functionSingleworkingbench,apairofworkingbenchmachiningcenter;Single axle , dual axle , three axle can change machining center , main shaft ofcase;Transferverticallytothetowermachiningcenterandtransfer;One hundred sheets of storehouses adds the main shaft and changes one onehundredsheetsofmachiningcenters;One hundred sheets of storehouses connects and writes hands to add the mainshaftandchangeonehundredsheetsofmachiningcenters;One hundred sheets of storehouses adds the manipulator and adds one pair ofmainshaftstotransfertothetowermachiningcenter.3、Development trend of the current numerical control latheAt present, the advanced manufacturing technology in the world is risingnts-5-constantly, such application of technology as ultrafast cutting , ultraprecisionprocessing ,etc., the rapid development of the flexible manufacturing system andintegrated system of the computer one is constant and ripe, have put forward higherdemand to the process technology of numerical control. Nowadays the numericalcontrollatheisbeingdevelopedinseveralfollowingdirections.（1）. Thespeedandprecisionatahighspeed,highaccuracyaretwoimportantindexes of the numerical control lathe , it concerns directly that processes efficiencyand product quality. At present, numerical control system adopt-figure number,frequency high processor, in order to raise basic operation speed of system.Meanwhile , adopt the super large-scale integrated circuit and many microprocessorsstructure,inordertoimprovesystematicdataprocessingability,namelyimproveandinsertthespeedandprecisionofmendingoperation.Adoptthestraightlinemotorandurgethestraightlineofthelatheworkingbenchtobeservotoentertothewaydirectly,itisquitesuperiorthatitsrespondsthecharacteristicatahighspeedanddynamically.Adoptfeedforward controltechnology ,makeitlagbehinderror reduce greatly,thusimprovethemachiningaccuracycutincornernottotrack.For meet ultrafast demand that process, numerical control lathe adopt mainshaft motor and lathe structure form that main shaft unite two into one, realizefrequency conversion motor and lathe main shaft integrate , bearing , main shaft ofelectricalmachineryadoptmagnetismfloatthebearing,liquidsoundpigeonholesuchforms as the bearing or the ceramic rolling bearing ,etc. At present, ceramic cutteranddiamondcoatingcutterhavealreadybeguntogetapplication.（2） . Multi-functional to is it change all kinds of machining centers oforganization(aofcapacityofstorehousecanupto100oftheabove)automaticallytofurnished with, can realize milling paring , boring and pares , bores such many kindsof processes as paring , turning , reaming , reaming , attacking whorl ,etc. to processatthesametimeonthesamelathe,modernnumericalcontrollatheadoptmanymainshaft,polyhedron cutalso,carry ondifferent cuttingofway process toonedifferentposition of part at the same time. The numerical control system has because adoptedmany CPU structure and cuts off the control method in grades, can work out partnts-6-processing and procedure at the same time on a lathe , realize so-called the frontdesk processes , the backstage supporter is an editor . In order to meet the needs ofintegrating the systematic one in flexible manufacturing system and computer,numerical control system have remote serial interface , can network , realize datacommunication , numerical control of lathe, can control many numerical controllathesdirectlytoo.（3）. Intelligentmodernnumericalcontrollatheintroducetheadaptivecontroltechnology, according to cutting the change of the condition, automatic workingparameter, make the processing course can keep the best working state , thus get thehighermachiningaccuracyandroughnessofsmallersurface,canimprovetheservicelife of the cutter and production efficiency of the equipment at the same time .Diagnose byoneself , repair the function by oneself, among the whole working state,the system is diagnosed, checked by oneself to CNC system and various kinds ofequipment linkingto each other with it at any time.While breaking down , adopt themeasure of shutting down etc. immediately , carry on the fault alarm, brief onposition,reasontobreak down,etc. Canalso make troublemoduleperson who takeoff automatically , put through reserve module , so as to ensure nobody demand ofworking environment. For realize high trouble diagnose that requires , itsdevelopmenttrendadoptstheartificialintelligenceexperttodiagnosethesystem.（4）. Numerical control programming automation with the development ofapplication technology of the computer, CAD/CAM figure interactive automaticprogramming has already get more application at present, it is a new trend of thetechnical development of numerical control. It utilize part that CAD draw processpattern,isitcalculatethetrailingpunishingtogo onbycutterorbitdataofcomputerand then, thus produce NC part and process the procedure automatically, in order torealizetheintegrationofCADandCAM.WiththedevelopmentofCIMStechnology,the full-automatic programming way in which CAD/CAPP/CAM integrates hasappeared again at present, it, and CAD/CAM systematic programming greatdifference their programming necessary processing technology parameter neednt byartificialtoparticipateinmost,getfromCAPPdatabaseinsystemdirectly.nts-7-（5）. The dependability of the dependability maximization numerical controllathe has been the major indicator that users cared about most all the time . Thenumerical control system will adopt the circuit chip of higher integrated level , willutilize the extensive or super large-scale special-purpose and composite integratedcircuit, in order to reduce the quantity of the components and parts , to improvedependability . Through the function software of the hardware, in order to meetvarious kinds of demands for controlling the function, adopt the module ,standardization , universalization and seriation of the structure lathe noumenonn ofthe hardware at the same time , make not only improve the production lot
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