物价上涨引文演讲(完整稿).doc

董建兴The prices of 18 staple vegetables include Chinese cabbages, potatoes and cucumbers rose 62.4 percent in China in the first 10 days of November from a year earlier, said a senior official with the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) in Haikou, capital of South Chinas Hainan province.The average wholesale price of the 18 staple vegetable prices in 36 major cities stood at 3.9 yuan ($0.58) per kilogram in the same period, up 11.3 percent from the beginning of the year, said Wang Bingnan, director of the MOCs Market Operation Department, at a meeting to discuss vegetable supply for this winter and next spring.The wholesale prices of garlic rose 95.8 percent and ginger 89.5 percent in 36 cities in the first 10 days of November year-on-year, Wang said.Additionally, it is expected that prices of vegetables would maintain the upward trend in the near future, according to the MOC. From Nov 1 to Nov 7, prices of edible oil and sugar rose by 0.5 percent and 1.0 percent respectively, from one week earlier, while eggs and meat rose by 0.8 percent. Meanwhile, prices of flour and rice edged up 0.4 and 0.2 percent respectively compared with last week, while seafood prices rose by 0.7 percent.Now，we give an example of apples。Apples are the latest in the growing number of fruits and vegetables that have seen sudden price hikes over the last 12 months, with others including garlic, mung beans and cabbages.The price has never been so high, said the 58-year-old farmer named Luguoqi from Qixia in Shandong province. This time last year, he was making just 2.1 yuan for every jin of apples. Today, the price is 3.1 yuan.Qixia, often referred to as the city of apples, is one of three major areas for growing the fruit in China. With 650,000 mu of land, farmers here produce 1.4 million tons of high-quality apples every year.Yet, regular wholesale buyers say the fruit has been snapped up quicker than usual this year, leaving them with slim pickings.Although many of the voices in the marketplace and in the media are laying the blame on opportunist speculators, experts say their involvement is only one of the factors driving up prices.Droughts and floods this year in South China have also hit growers, reducing their output, which is also contributing to the demand for alternatives.As logistics services is China remain relatively poor, companies are experiencing a great deal of wastage during distribution.Transportation costs alone are high. For example, a recent survey by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences shows that a freight company shipping 5 tons of carrots from Sichuan province in the southwest to Guangdong province would need to pay 3,500 yuan just in expressway toll charges. I have to add at least 1 yuan to each jin of apples to cover (transport) costs, otherwise I will lose money, said trader Sun Shixian.When the fruit finally reaches a shopping bag, two apples will cost roughly 6 yuan. Imagine an ordinary person who makes 2,000 yuan a month, who can afford to pay 6 yuan for two apples? asked Guanli farmer Liang, who added that current problems have convinced him to quit the business this year.Several factors contributed to the rises, Wangbingnan said.Abnormal climate events such as spring cold and flooding had cut vegetable output. Increasing costs for oil, pesticides, transport and labor had also contributed to price hikes, Wang said.Speculation had pushed up prices for produce like garlic and ginger since September last year along with increasing prices of international agricultural commodities.Here I also give an example of apple.Farmers say they are struggling with rising costs even before their products come out of the ground. Fertilizers, pesticides, diesel fuel, labor cost; these things have all become more expensive, complained Lu Guoqi as he sold Qixia apples from his tricycle. Counting his expenses on his fingers, he continued: I needed to pay 140 yuan for a bag of fertilizer, which was about 110 yuan last year. Also, the price of pesticide and diesel has increased 33 percent and 10 percent respectively. Even the cost of hiring fruit pickers and packers has gone up. Part-time workers earned 80 yuan in 2009, yet salaries rose to 120 yuan this year. Even though the central government has made farmers exempt from agricultural tax, as well as the tax on special farm produce, Lu said he spends far more on fertilizers and pesticides. Farmers lives are easier now but I dont expect to make a huge profit and improve my living standards dramatically from the (apple) price hike, he said, scrubbing dirt from his worn pants. After witnessing the rush this year, Lu said he has saved 10,000 kilograms of apples in cold storage and is hoping the price will rise even more. In my opinion increasing costs contributes to the price rising.I am a student from countryside and I know clearly about the costs hikes. Fertilizers, pesticides, diesel fuel, labor cost; these things have all become more expensive. For example a bag of fertilizer may costs 150 yuan, which was about 110yuan last year. According to my memory my father hired six workers and gave them a salary from 60yuan to 80yuan last year while the number is at least 120 this year.I believe that though the crops price rising, the biggest winner is not the majority of farmers. The last beneficiary is the vendors and opportunist speculators. The State Council, Chinas cabinet, announced Sunday a slew of measures to rein in rising commodity prices to ease the economic pressures on the people.Local governments and departments are required to boost agricultural production and stabilize supply of agricultural products and fertilizer while reducing the cost of agricultural products and ensuring coal, power, oil and gas supplies, the State Council said in a seven-page circular.The cabinet urged local departments to step up vegetable-planting efforts while stabilizing winter vegetable production and strengthening grain and edible-oil production field management to ward off supply shortages.To reduce delivery costs, road tolls for vehicles transporting fresh- and live-farm produce will be forbidden from Dec 1, the circular said.The cabinet also ordered local authorities to continue to reduce the prices of power, gas and rail-transport for chemical-fertilizer producers while ensuring coal supplies for power generation companies and increasing production of oil - especially diesel - to guarantee sufficient supply.Local governments must temporarily disburse subsidies to needy people and increase allowances for poor students and student canteens, the circular added.Local authorities were ordered to establish coordinated social-security mechanisms that pro