图像表格类作文.doc

图像表格类作文一、对图表类作文总述的说法：1. 表示“图表，图像，图线”的名词及各种图表的名称：(bar/column/curve/flow/line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree) chart, diagram, graph, histogram, picture, table, solid/break/dot line2. 表示“显/暗示，表/说/证明，展现/示出，描写/述了”的动词：Betray, demonstrate, depict, describe, display, exhibit, illustrate, imply, indicate, mirror, outline, (re)present, reflect, reveal, show, suggest, unfold3. 表示图表中的“数据，数字，比例，内容”的名词：(concluded/=summarized/estimated/shown/=displayed/=exhibited) content, data, figure, number, percentage, proportion, schematics, statistics4. 表示“平均， 总体上，一般来说”的词语：average(ly), in general, mean, on average, overall, take an overall view/overview, total(ly)5. 图表类作文常用的开头句型结构：i)The (bar/column/curve/flow/line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree) chart/diagram/graph /histogram/picture/table/schematics/data/number/figure/statistics/ solid/break/dot lineabove/below/in the paper/given (,) given/(re)presented/displayed/exhibited/shown in (a/the form of) bar/column/curve/flow /line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree chart/diagram/graph/schematics/histogramdemonstrates/illustrates/=mirrors/=reflects/=unfolds/indicates/=reveals /=suggests/=implies/=unfolded/depicts/=describes/outlines/summarizes/displays/=exhibits/=(re)presents /=shows/=betrays/comparesa(n) acceleration/ascent/augment/boom/climb/enhancement/expansion/gain/flourish/growth /increase/jump/leap/promotion/rise/soar/swell/upward(s) inclination/upward(s) tendency /upward(s) trend/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink/slide /slump/downward(s) inclination/downward(s) tendency/downward(s) trend/wane in/of the change/variation of (the data/number/figure/statistics of) /the inclination/=tendency/=trend/the fluctuation of /the changing proportion/=percentage of & that be blessed with/experience/gain/go through/have/pull through/register/suffer from/there be/undergo/witness a(n) (degree) acceleration/ascent/boom/climb/expansion/flourish /growth/increase/jump/leap/rise/soar/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink /slide/slump/wane in/of ii) This is a(n)(bar/column/curve/flow/line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree) chart/diagram/graph /histogram/picture/table/schematics/ solid/break/dot line (,)that/which demonstrates/illustrates/=mirrors/=reflects/=unfolds/indicates/=reveals /=suggests/=implies/depicts/=describes/outlines/summarizes/displays/=exhibits/=(re)presents/=shows/=betrays/comparesdemonstrating/illustrating/=mirroring/=reflecting/=unfolding/indicating/=revealing/=suggesting/=implying/depicting/=describing/outlining/summarizing/displaying/=exhibiting/=(re)presenting /=showing/=betraying/comparinga(n) acceleration/ascent/augment/boom/climb/enhancement/expansion/gain/flourish/growth /increase/jump/leap/promotion/rise/soar/swell/upward(s) inclination/upward(s) tendency /upward(s) trend/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink /slide/slump/downward(s) inclination/downward(s) tendency/downward(s) trend/wane in/of the change/variation of (the data/number/figure/statistics of) /the inclination/=tendency /=trend/the fluctuation of /the changing proportion/=percentage of & that be blessed with/experience/gain/go through/have/pull through/register/suffer from/there be/undergo/witness a(n) (degree) acceleration/ascent/boom/climb/expansion/flourish /growth/increase/jump/leap/rise/soar/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall /reduction/shrink /slide/slump/wane in/of iii) AsAccording to the（直接连用中的词语）From（直接连用中的词语）(is)/ can bedemonstrate(d)/illustrate(d)/=mirror(ed)/=reflect(ed)/=unfold(ed)/indicate(d)/=reveal(ed)/=suggest(ed)/=imply(ied)/depict(ed)/=describe(d)/outline(d)/summarize(d)/display(ed)/=exhibit(ed) /=(re)present(ed)/=show(n)/=betray(ed)/see(n)apparently/clearly/distinctly/evidently/obviously by/from/in the(bar/column/curve/flow/line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree) chart/diagram/graph /histogram/picture/table/schematics/data/number/figure/statistics solid/break/dot line/above /below/in the paper/given,we canclearly/distinctlyhave a better understanding/know/learn/seeof a(n) (degree) acceleration/ascent/boom/climb/expansion/flourish/growth/increase/jump /leap/rise/soar/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink /slide/slump/wane in/of that be blessed with/experience/gain/go through/have/pull through/register/suffer from/there be/undergo/witness a(n) (degree) acceleration/ascent/boom/climb/expansion/flourish /growth/increase/jump/leap/rise/soar/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink /slide/slump/wane in/of （当前面不是understanding时，that可省略）iv) It is/can be We canapparently/clearly/distinctly/evidently/obviouslydemonstrate(d)/illustrate(d)/=mirror(ed)/=reflect(ed)/=unfold(ed)/indicate(d)/=reveal(ed) /=suggest(ed)/=imply(ied)/depict(ed)/=describe(d)/outline(d)/summarize(d)/display(ed)/=exhibit(ed)/=(re)present(ed) /=show(n)/=betray(ed)/see(n) （不可选用中的词语) have a (better) understanding/know/learn/see of /that （当前面不是understanding时，that可省略）（只能选用中的词语） apparent/clear/distinct/evident/obvious/manifest（不可选用中与、的词语)apparently/clearly/distinctly/evidently/obviously (不可选用中的词语，与任居/选其一)(given) by/from/in the (bar/column/flow/line/pie/processing/procedure/sequence/tree) chart/diagram/ graph/picture/table/schematics/data/number/figure/statistics/solid/break/dot line above/below/in the paperthat be blessed with/experience/gain/go through/have/pull through/register/suffer from/there be/undergo/witness a(n) (degree) acceleration/ascent/boom/climb/expansion/flourish /growth/increase/jump/leap/rise/soar/collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction/shrink /slide/slump/wane in/of 6. 表示图表描述的常见对象的名词：daily/annual average/total output（日/年均/总产量）, ownership（所有权，物主身份）, 二、对（折线状/类与可以转换位折线状/类的柱状）图表趋势及其程度描述的说法：1. 表示图表变化趋势的总括词：i) 表示“变化，趋势，潮流”的名词：change/variation of sth., inclination to do sth./towards/for sth., liability to sth., tendency to do sth., tide of sth., trend to sth.ii) 表示“倾向于，可能”的动词：be inclined to do sth., be liable to do/(doing) sth., be likely to do sth., be prone to do/(doing) sth., be/change subject to do/(doing) sth., do sth. likely/=possibly/=probably, have a inclination/=tendency/ =trend to do sth., incline oneself to do/(doing) sth., tend to do sth.2. 表示图表具体变化趋势的说法i) 表示“上升，增长，扩大”的动词及词组：aggrandize, amplify, ascend (up), augment, be multiplied by, be on the ascent/increase/rise, boom, boost, climb (to), continued an/its upward(s) inclination/tendency/trend, elongate, enhance, exceed, expand, experience a(n) acceleration/ascent/augment/boom/enhancement/flourish/gain/growth /increase/jump/leap/promotion/rise/soar/swell/upward(s) inclination/tendency/trend (of ), extend, flourish, gain, go up(ward(s), grow, increase, intensify, jump (up), leap (up), magnify, manage a(n) acceleration/augment/enhancement/flourish/gain/growth/jump/promotion/rise/soar/swell /upward(s) inclination/tendency/trend (of ), mount (to ), multiply, prolong, promote, raise, register a(n) acceleration/ascent/augment/boom/enhancement/flourish/gain/growth /increase /jump/leap/promotion/rise/soar/swell/upward(s) inclination/tendency/trend (of ), rise, rocket, shoot (up), skyrocket, soar, speed up, spiral upward(s), step up, strengthen, stretch, surge, swellii) 表示“下降，减少，缩小”的动词及词组：abate, be on the decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/wane, collapse, continued its downward(s) inclination/tendency/trend, curtail, decline, decrease, descend, diminish, dip, downslide, droop, drop (off), dwindle, experience a collapse/decline/decrease/descent/diminution/drop/fall/reduction /shrink/slide/slump/downward(s) inclination/tendency/trend/wane (of ), fall (off), go down(ward(s), lessen, lower, reduce, shrink, slide, slump, speed down, step down, subside, suffer from a collapse/decline /decrease /drop/fall/reduction/shrink/slide/slump (of ), take a dip, take a nose dive/tide/trend, taper (off), wane, weakeniii) 表示“波动”的动词及词组：experience a(n) fluctuation/undulation, fluctuate, go/rise and fall up(s) and down(s), keep unstable/ unsteady, swing, undulate, wave +adv.iv) 表示“持平”的动词及词组：be fixed in (time), be similar to, keep/remain/maintain constant/stable/=steady/similar to, hardly change, have/there be little/no change, keep/maintain its stability, level down/off/out/up, maintain/remain/stay (at) the same (level), *reach the bottleneckv) 表示“交叉”的动词及词组：be correspond(ing) to/with/in correspondence to/with, converge, correspond to/with , cross the line for vi) 表示“回升，下降后又上升”的动词与词组及句型结构： 表示下降v. (phrase=adj.+ n.) +adv., and then/butbefore表示上升v. (phrase=adj.+ n.)+ adv.+ again/begin to make a recovery from/continue its recovery, 表示上升v.+ ing (phrase=adj.+ n.)+ adv.+ to /bounce/dip/pick up/recover from/take a dip inbeginning to make a recovery from/dipping/表示上升v. +ing (phrase=adj. +n.) +adv. +again/picking up /recovering from/taking a dip in vii) 表示“上升后再下降”的动词及词组： 表示上升v. (phrase=adj.+ n.) + adv., and then/butbefore表示下降v. (phrase=adj.+ n.) +adv.+ again/表示下降v.+ ing (phrase=adj.+ n.) +adv. +to 表示上升v.+ ing (phrase=adj.+ n.) +adv. +againviii) 表示“达到峰值、（最）高点”的动词及词组：arrive at/climb to/get to/hit/jump to/reach a maximum/peak/plateau/summit/the highest point of (number), be/make/set a new record number/amount of (sth.), break the record number/amount of (sth.), peak （+ 表示具体数字的同位语）ix) 表示“达到谷底、（最）低点”的动词及词组：arrive at/drop to/fall to/get to/=reach the (rock) bottom/nadir/the lowest point/valley of (number), bottom out, hit a trough of (number) (+ 表示具体数字的同位语)x) 表示“经历、遭遇、碰到”后可接表示上升或下降的动词派生而得的名词的动词及词组（注意褒贬性：带星号的表示褒义;带尖号的表示贬义;无符号的表示中性）：*be blessed with, can be seen, experience, follow , be follow by*gain, go through, have, manage, occur, pull through, register, see, suffer from, take place, here/there be/exist/, undergo, witnessxi) 表示上升或下降到某个位置的方法：v.+ (,)arriving at/coming to/getting to/reaching/to (the bottom/peak of)/by (number), climb/drop/fall/mount to , peak at 3. 表示图表变化趋势的程度的副词：i) 变化程度大abrupt(ly), alarming(ly), amazing(ly), apparent(ly), astonishing(ly), clear(ly), considerate(ly), conspicuous(ly), distinct(ly), distressing(ly), dramatic(ally), drastic(ally), eminent(ly), enormous(ly), evident(ly), explosive(ly), fair, fast, gigantic(ally), greatly, huge(ly), immense(ly), incredible(e/y) =unbelievable(e/y)=unconceivable(e/y)=unimaginable(e/y), large(ly), marked(ly), manifest(ly), massive(ly), noticeable(e/ly), noted(ly), obvious(ly), overwhelming(ly), prominent(ly), pronounced(ly), quick(ly), rapid(ly), remarkable(e/y), salient(ly), sharp(ly), shocking(ly), significant(ly), steep(ly), striking(ly), substantial(ly), sudden(ly), surprising(ly), to a great degree/extent, tremendous(ly), vast(ly), wild(ly)ii) 变化程度小insignificant(ly), marginal(ly), minor(ly), slight(ly), slow(ly), small(y)iii) 变化稳定/平稳/适度/螺旋形gent(ly), gradual(ly), mild(ly), modest(ly), moderate(ly), spiral(ly), stable(e/y), steady(y/ily), tender(ly)三、对（饼状/类）图表所占比例/重描述的说法1. 表示图表中的某一个“部分，比例”的名词：aliquot, distribution, division, fraction, fragment, individual part in sth. as an integration/integral whole, part, portion, proportion, *sect, section, segment, share2. 表示“种类，类型/别”的名词：breed, category, class, genre, kind, sort, species, style, type, variety3. 表示“占，组/构成，包含/括”的动词与词组及句型：i) account for, be composed of, be comprised of, be made up of, compose, comprise of, consist of, consume, constitute, contain, embody, encompass, gain/hold the distribution/division/part/percentage /portion/proportion/sect/section/segment/share of , include, incorporate, involve, make up, occupy, share, take upii) % of the . is/are/was/were/has/have been . account(s/ed) for/gain/hold the distribution/division/ part/percentage/portion/proportion/sect /section/segment/share of/occupy/take(s/took) up % of the total/in the whole (pie) chart/diagram/graph/picture. % of the play(s/ed) a very important/=significant/key/chief/=main/=major/=primary role in . is/are/was/were/has/have been is the (first/second/third/) largest distribution/division/ part/percentage/portion/proportion/sect/section/segment/share of (,) which (has/have) consume(s/ed) the distribution/division/ part/percentage/portion/proportion/sect/section/segment /share, accounting for/occupying/taking up .3. 表示“总共/计达是”的动词及词组：add up to, aggregate, amount to, come (up) to, reckon, there be in all, tot, grand total, totalize, totally be, sum up to四、对不同图表间或同一图表不同时期具体描述的说法：1. 表示不同图表间或同一图表不同时期比较相似性“与相同/似，同一致，符合”的说法：be similar to sth., similarity in sth., similitude, similarlycorrespond to/with sth., be corresponding to/with sth., correspondence with sth./between sth. A and sth. B, correspondinglyaccord with sth., be in accord(ance) with sth, according to, accordinglyconform to/with sth., be conformity with sth. (abide by=comply with)sth. cohere, sth. be coherent, sth. be in coherence/y, coherentlycoincide with sth., be in coincidence with sth., be coincident with sth., coincidentallyconcur with sb./sth. A in sth. B, with ones concurrence, be in concurrence with sth., be concurrent with sth., concurrentlyconsent to sth., be consentaneous, consensus on sth.consist, sth. A be consistent (with sth. B), consistence/yresemble sb./sth. A in sth. B, resemblance to sb./sth./between sth. A and sth. Bbe uniform, uniformity, uniformlyinclude, including, includedkindredas Attributeconsilient(just) the same as, in the same way(Just) As , so .as as both and , not only/merely , but (also) (as well), as well as, together with, besides(a)like, likewisehave in common, reflect, mirror, compare sth. A to sth. B2. 表示不同图表间或同一图表不同时期对比不同点/异处“与不同，同相反，然而，可/但是，却”的说法：differ from/with sb. on/about sth., be different from/to/than sth., with a difference, difference in sth./between sth. A and sth. B/over sth., differentialvary, rang, there is no consensus of sth.while, whilst, whereasbut, however, (al)though, as, nevertheless, nonethelesseven if/though/socompare sth. A with sth. B, compared with sth., be not comparable with sth., comparative, comparatively, comparison of/to/with sth., make comparison between sth. A and sth. B, not bear/stand comparison with sth., by/in comparison (with sth.), there is no comparisoncontrast with sth./sth. A and/with sth. B, contrast to/with sth./between sth. A and sth. B, make contrast between sth. A and sth. B, by/in contrast with/to sth./between sth. A and sth. Bas opposed to sth., in opposition to sth., (be) opposite (to sth.)On one hand, . But on the other hand, .on the contrarycon/reverse(ly), dissimilar(ly)unlike(far/much/still/even/any/some) more/less than not so/as as The reverse/converse/opposite is (just) the case/the truth/true.actually, in fact, as a matter of fact3. 五、对数字/据的表达/示方法及其程度等其他附属内容描述的说法1. 表示时间（幅/跨度）的介词短语/词组：(all) through(out)/during/in/over the xx days/weeks/months/seasons/years/decades/centuries/xx- day/week/month/season/year/decade/centurie period/span/spanning/time from xxxx to xxxx, (all) through(out)/during/in/over (the period/span/spanning/time of) (the past) xx days/weeks/months/seasons/years/decades/centuries, at/by the time of the beginning/=start/middle/end of , at/by the time that , between xxxx and xxxx/xx days/weeks/months/seasons/years/decades/centuries, during the same time/period/span, every xx days/weeks/months/seasons/years/decades/centuries , from xxxx to xxxx, in the early/mid/late xx-ties (of xx-tieth century), in the long run, in xxxx A.D./B.C./xx days/weeks/months/seasons/years/decades/centuries, xx days/weeks/months/years/decades/centuries later, 2. 表示分数/比例/小数的说法：number A基 (-)number B序 of n.(A=1, B/+ s; A1, B+ s)+v.(c.n.pl., v.pl; u.n./c.n.sing., vsing.): a/one half=one second=one over two=one divided by two, : a/one quarter=one fourth=one over four=one divided by four, : three quarters=three fourths, A B/C: number A基+ and+ number B基 (-)number C序 of n.(B=1, C/+ s; B1, C+ s)number A基(+ person(s)/c.n.sing./pl)+ in/out of+ number B基, number A基 (+ person(s)/c.n.sing./pl)+ of(+ all)+ the+ number B基+ c.n.pl +v.(c.n.pl., v.pl; c.n.sing., vsing.)number A基(+ c.n.sing./pl)+ as against/as compared with/to+ number B基 (+ c.n.sing./pl), number A基 (+ c.n.sing./pl)+ for+ number B(+ c.n.sing./pl), A:B=C: the ratio of number A基 to number B基 is/equals number C基A.B: number A基+ point+ number B基, AB.CD: number A基+ number B基/number AB基+point+ number C基+ number D基, 0.AB: (zero/nought)+ point+ number A基+ number B基, 0.A: (zero/nought)+ point+ number A基/decimal+ point+ number A基0：zero（温度、数学）, nil/nothing（运动、比赛）, love（网球）, o（生活、电话）, cipher（书面，指符号而非数目，有时指温度）3. 表示倍数的说法：i) 翻一番，增加1倍，增至2倍，为的两/二倍 double, twice, twofold增加2倍，增至3倍，为的三倍 threefold, three times, triple翻两番，增加3倍，增至4倍，为的四倍 fourfold, four times, quadruple增加A-1倍，增至A倍，为的A倍 number A基+fold/times (A3)ii) A+ v.+ x time(s)+ as+ adj./adv原级+ as+ B. A的是B的x倍。 A+ v.+ half + as+ adj./adv. 原级+ as+ B. A的是B的半倍。 A+ v.+ half + as+ adj./adv. 原级+ again as+ B. A的是B的一倍半。 A+ v.+ as+ adj./adv. 原级+ again as+ B. A的是B的一倍。A+ v.+ x time(s)+ adj./adv-er/比较级+ than+ B. A比Bx倍。A+ v.+ x time(s)+n.(breadth/height/length/level/size/speed/value/velocity/weight/width)+ of+ B. A的是B的x倍。表示上升/下降v. (phrase=adj.+ n.)/be multiplied by/multiply+ number A基+ fold/times（倍数）, up/down+ number A基+ fold/tomes 增加了（A-1）倍，是的A倍；减少了（A-1）分之一表示上升/下降v. (phrase=adj.+ n.)+ by+ number A基+ %/per( )cent（百分比