七上Unit19__lesson1知识点精.doc

Unit19 lesson1知识点精讲（一）生词1. trend（1）n. a general tendency or direction in the way a situation is changing or developing 趋势；倾向；动向；时尚 Eg : The current trend is towards informal clothing .目前的趋势是穿着比较随便。 The stock market has a good day , but the underlying trend of the market is downward . 当天股票市场的行情很好，但市场的基本趋势是下跌。 Many young students like following the latest trends in fashion . 许多年轻学生喜欢追求最新的流行款式 。 (2) vi. Show a particular tendency 显示某种趋势 eg: share prices have been trending down . 股票价格一直趋向下降。拓展：trendy / trendy / adj . showing or following the latest trends of fashion 赶时髦的；时髦的 eg : These ideas are typical of the trendy middle-class Li-berals . 这些都是时髦的中产阶级自由派的典型思想 。2. absence n. absent adj.(1) being away 不在，缺席 eg : She never speaks ill of anyone in his or her absence .她从不趁别人不在时说别人的坏话 。Please look after my house during my absence from Bei-jing .我不在北京期间，请你帮我照看房子。 (2). lack, non-existence 不存在，缺乏A. The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull.那幅画因没有着色而显晦暗。B. In the absence of any further evidence the police were unable to solve the murder.由于缺乏更确凿的证据，警方破不了这宗谋杀案3. inform(1). Vt. give information or knowledge; tell 通知，告知，报告I informed his wife of his safe arrival. 我通知他太太他已平安抵达。He informed her he was thinking of entering medical school. 他告诉她/他想进医学院Keep me informed of/about what happens. 有事随时通知我。inform sb of/about 或 inform sb +从句(2). Vi. give evidence or make an accusation against 告发或检举某人He informed against the drug dealer.Im amazed to hear that she was the one who informed on her husband.4. adjust to eg: 1.She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。 2. I must adjust my watch; its fast. 我的表快了，我得把它较准。 3. Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. 宇航员在飞行中得适应失重状态。（二）短语1. get ahead 取得进步，获得成功，领先eg: He was talking about the way to get ahead in business. 他正在谈如何成功地扩展业务。Ive got ahead with my work. 我的工作有进展。Tom has got ahead of all the other boys in the class. 汤姆优于班上其他的男孩子。2. one day (过去)某一天，（将来）有一天Hell come to realize it one day.Some day 意思是“总有一天”, 只能是指将来的某一天You ll be an engineer some day/one day.3. stand out 鹤立鸡群 Tom stands out in our class because he always gets the first in math test. They stood out till victory. 他们坚持到胜利。 stand for 支持，袖手旁观，准备行动 stand in 暂时代替 stand up 站起，起立；耐用4take the form of 以。的形式出现（存在）eg: A typical training programme takes the form of a series of workshops. 一种典型的培训方案是以系列研讨的形式出现的。Offensives in guerrilla warfare generally take the form of surprise attacks.游击战场一般用袭击的形式表现其进攻的。5. stay dedicated 保持专心致志stay 为连系动词，意为：保持、维持，和形容词或分词连用eg: She always stays dedicated to her work.她对工作总是专心致志。He is a kind of player who always manages to stay cool, even under pressure.他是一名即使在压力下也总是能保持头脑冷静的球员。Just try to stay focused on your own goals right now.眼下，要努力专注自己的目标。6hold the key to的关键eg: The weather holds the key to our success or failure.7. worth, worthy & worthwhileWorth 用作形容词，意思是“值得的”，表示“价值多少”时，后接价值数量词，表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式，worth 在句中作表语时，不能单独使用，通常可用作well来修饰，而不用very.eg: This necklace is worth $ 1,000. 这条项链值一千美元。That novel is not worth reading. 那本小说不值得一看。The exhibition is worth a visit. The plan is well worth considering.Worthy 作形容词，意思是“陪得上的，值得的”，在句中可作表语和定语。作表语时，不能单独使用，后面要接of ，再接名词或ing的被动形势，也可以在worthy 后面直接接动词不定式。作定语时，意思是“可尊敬的，可信赖的，有价值的”。The place is worthy of a visit.This novel is not worthy of being read.The scheme is worthy to be considered.The worthy gentleman couldnt even tell wheat from barley. 那位可敬的先生连大麦和小麦都分不清。Worthwhile 意思是“值得的”，可以单独用作表语。通常可用在it is worthwhile 句型中，后面可接动名词，也可接动词不定式。eg: I dont think it is worthwhile. It is worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question.(三)重难点句子分析1. It was predicted as early as the 10700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言，而这一预言在过去的几十年中已经得到了证实。It was predictedthat这是一个固定句型，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是that后的从句，该结构常译为：“据预言。”这种结构常可以替换如：said, reported, predictedIt is predicted that there will be more serious natural destroy the environment.It is said that he was clever at maths even when he was very yong.It is hoped that it wont be rain on our camping day.It is believed that John will help us with some money.2. In todays world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.当今世界，要想取得令人瞩目的成就，就要会讲至少两种语言，包括英语。Being able to speak more than one language 是动词俄ing 形式短语，在句子中作主语。动词的ing形式可以像名词一样充当句子的主语。Being late for school is one of Jims bad habits.Studying abroad is very difficult in the first few months.Traveling far above the clouds in an aeroplane is pleasant experience.3. But sadly, the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small.很遗憾的是，很少有人有机会生活在讲英语的国家。the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small.是that引导的同位语从句,that 引导同位语从句时，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分，但不能省略。There is a good chance that she will be released without being charged.The news that our team won the football match was encouraging.4. Therefore, most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum.因此，大部分人还是得靠学校的语言课程来学习外语。what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum是一个由连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语，意为“。的东西”I am asking you for what made you so crazy?Are you satisfied with what the boss said tha