三相晶闸管交流调压电路的设计与仿真

actions using rules, and in the process of the concentration of disciplinary ruling, not convergence, not pull back as heavy or heavier punishment. Discipline focused discipline process at least 18 since the five-year, five years is to pay close attention to the Central implementation eight provisions and anti-four winds. Fourth chapter to suspected illegal party disciplinary actions and distinguish between five different circumstances, provides for specific provisions respectively, effective cohesion to achieve party discipline and State Law 9. One is the 27th article of the Ordinance provides that party members found in the disciplinary review of corruption bribery, dereliction of duty and other alleged offences under criminal law, should be given to withdraw party posts, expelled from or placed on probation within the party disciplinary action. Second, article 28th of the regulations in the discipline of the party organization . Disciplinary punishment against life , Chapter 6. 3, annex Annex part of supplementary provisions, such as the permission, interpretation of the regulations, as well as the timing and retroactive, and so on. 11 (three) learning understanding Ordinance need grasp of several focus problem first a problem-on violation political discipline behavior new Ordinance sixth chapter put political discipline as six big discipline of first, is main on opposition of led and opposition of basic theory, and line, and basic programme of, and basic experience, and basic requirements of disciplinary behavior made disposition provides, especially will 18 big yilai Central proposed strict political discipline and political rules of requirements and practice results into for discipline provisions, Added jump on the central policy, clique, fight reviews, without principles and disregard the disciplinary provisions. These are the partys 18 since the comprehensive practice of strictly administering the party in the process of combining the rich content. (1) jump on the central policy violate the partys centralized and unified this issue is made under provisions of the party Constitution. Party Constitution stipulated in master uphold democratic centralism is the party building must adhere to one of the four basic requirements. This items principles is party of fundamental Organization principles, is mass line in party of life in the of using, it requirements must full develop party democratic, respect members of subject status, guarantees members of democratic right, full play levels party and members of enthusiasm and creative, while, also must implemented right of concentrated, guarantee party of solidarity unified and action consistent, guarantee party of decided get quickly and effective of implementation. Central in developed major approach policy Shi, through different of channel and way, full heard about party and members of views recommends, but 12 is some people face to face not said, and behind blather will Shang not said, and will Hou blather stage not said, and Taiwan Xia blather, actually not only disrupt has people thought, some caused serious consequences, damage has party of concentrated unified, hamper has central approach policy of implement implementation, also serious violation has democratic centralism of principles. No doubt, shall, in accordance with the regulations stipulated in the 46th of appropriate sanctions. Without serious consequences, the criticism should be given education or the appropriate organization. (2) violate the partys solidarity and unity to the new section 48th武汉理工大学电力电子装置及控制课程设计说明书目录1设计任务及分析11.1 电路设计任务11.2 电路设计的目的12.1 主电路的原理分析23 MATLAB建模与仿真53.2 参数设置63.3 仿真结果及分析6总结8参考文献9to 52nd of the Ordinance, to violate the partys solidarity and unity, such as punishment of violations of political discipline as specified. The 52nd new missions Gang gang, clique, cliques within the party, cultivating private power interests or by Exchange, creating a momentum for their activities, such as fishing for political capital, punishment imposed serious warnings or withdrawal of party posts in serious cases, punishment imposed or placed on probation within the expelled. (3) on the rival groups review provisions of the party Constitution, must comply with the obligations of the party faithful are party members. Party members must obey decided shall not contravene the Organization decided to have problems to find organizations, relying on the Organization, a deception organization, against the organization. For example . Female country (territory) outside, such as employment, income, property and investment matters, for failing to report, not truthfully report, undeclared, and so on, depending on the seriousness, give criticism and education, within a time limit, shall be ordered to make checks and commands his conversation, criticized or adjustment of status, removal and so on, constitutes a disciplinary offence, disciplinary action in accordance with the relevant provisions. But since the original was not appropriate in the specific provisions of the regulations, for violations of the provisions do not report, report the matters related to the personal behavior does not correspond to the discipline of sanction, in practice it is difficult to operate. On this, for solution not report, and not truthfully report personal about matters 15 asked blamed of problem, new Ordinance increased has 67th article, on violation personal about matters report provides, not report, and not truthfully report of behavior proposed has clear of disposition according to, makes this class disciplinary behavior no longer has empty can drill, for carried out personal about matters checks verified, and cadres supervision, and discipline review, work provides has powerful of discipline guarantees. (2) with regard to illegal organizations, will participate in the fellow and alumni, to comrades 68th of the regulations provides that the party cadres violating relevant regulations, participation in spontaneous fellow, alumni, friends, etc, to be punished according to the seriousness of it. Of particular note here is three things: first, this article is merely cadres, reflects the high requirements for leading party cadres; the other is in violation of the 2002 Central Commission for discipline inspection, the Central Organization Department and the general political Department jointly issued the circular on leading cadres should not participate in the voluntary establishment of villagers and alumni and ally organization notice of the relevant provisions. That is organized, villagers participating in the established clubs, alumni, comrades will constitute a disciplinary offence is contrary to the premise of this rule. Specified in the notice, leading cadres should not participate in the ups compatriot, alumni, various organizations such as the association between comrades, sponsors and organizers of the exclusion of such association shall in such association in corresponding positions; not the opportunity to weave network, Pro-close drain, Gang gang, but not the Alliance, Jin LAN sworn, and so on. Third, there no organization was established with the participation of fellow clubs, alumni, and friends. Breaking三相晶闸管交流调压电路的设计与仿真1设计任务及分析1.1 电路设计任务（1）用simulink设计系统仿真模型；能够正常运行得到仿真结果。（2）比较理论分析结果与仿真结果异同，总结规律。（3）设计出主电路结构图和控制电路结构图。（4）根据结构图设计出主电路图和控制电路图，对主要器件进行选型。1.2 电路设计的目的电力电子装置及控制是我们大三下学期学的一门很重要的专业课，课本上讲了很多电路，比如各种单相可控整流电路，斩波电路，电压型逆变电路，三相整流电路，三相逆变电路，等各种电路，通过对这些电路的学习，让我们知道了如何将交流变为直流，又如何将直流变为交流。并且通过可控整流调节输出电压的有效值，以达到我们的目的。而本次三相交流调压电路的设计与仿真，我们需要用晶闸管的触发电路来实现调节输入电压的有效值，然后加到负载上。本次课程设计期间，我们自己通过老师提供的Matlab仿真技术的资料和我们在网上搜索相关的资料，到图书馆查阅书籍，以及同学之间的相互帮助，让我们学到了很多知识。通过对主电路的设计与分析，对晶闸管触发电路的设计与分析，了解了他们的工作原理，知道了该电路是如何实现所要实现的功能的，把课堂所学知识运用起来，使我更能深刻理解所学知识，这让我受益匪浅。通过写课程设计报告，电路的设计，提高了我的能力，为我以后的毕业设计以及今后的工作打下了坚实的基础。2 主电路的设计2.1 主电路的原理分析 根据三相联结形式的不同，三相交流调压电路句有多种形式。本次仿真主要是对星形联结电路的工作原理和特性进行分析。通过对三星三相三线负载星型联结交流调压电路图分析可得，任一相在导通时必须和另一相构成回路。因此和三相桥式全控整流电路一样，电流流通路径中有两个晶闸管，所以应采用双脉冲或宽脉冲触发。 三相的触发脉冲应依次相差120，同意向的两个反并联的晶闸管触发脉冲应相差180。因此和三相桥式全控整流电路一样，触发脉冲顺序也是VT1VT6，依次相差60。图1 三相三线负载星型联结交流调压电路2.2 主电路器件的选择三相交流调压器的主电路中所用到得器件主要有220V三相交流电源，6个反并联的晶闸管，还有三个电阻负载。其中6个反并联的晶闸管可用三个双相晶闸管代替，也可以用一个串联谐振代替2个反并联的晶闸管。晶闸管的选择：1 选择正反向电压可控硅在门极无信号，控制电流Ig为0时，在阳(A)一一阴(K)极之间加正向电压，(J2)处于反向偏置，所以，器件呈高阻抗状态，称为正向阻断状态，若增大而达到一定值，可控硅由阻断突然转为导通，这个值称为正向转折电压，这种导通是非正常导通，会减短器件的寿命。所以必须选择足够正向重复阻断峰值电压。在阳一一阴极之间加上反向电压时，器件的第一和第三PN结(J1和J3)处于反向偏置，呈阻断状态。当加大反向电压达到一定值时可控硅的反向从阻断突然转变为导通状态，此时是反向击穿，器件会被损坏。而且和值随电压的重复施加而变小。在感性负载的情况下，如磁选设备的整流装置。在关断的时候会产生很高的电压( =-Ldi/dt)，如果电路上未有良好的吸收回路，此电压将会损坏可控硅器件。因此，器件也必须有足够的反向重复峰值电压。可控硅在变流器(如电机车)中工作时，必须能够以电源频率重复地经受一定的过电压而不影响其工作，所以正反向峰值电压参数、应保证在正常使用电压峰值的2-3倍以上，考虑到一些可能会出现的浪涌电压因素，在选择代用参数的时候,只能向高一档的参数选取。2 选择额定工作电流参数可控硅的额定电流是在一定条件的最大通态平均电流，即在环境温度为+40和规定冷却条件，器件在阻性负载的单相工频正弦半波，导通角不少于l70的电路中，当稳定的额定结温时所允许的最大通态平均电流。而一般变流器工作时，各臂的可控硅有不均流因素。可控硅在多数的情况也不可能在170导通角上工作，通常是少于这一角度。这样就必须选用可控硅的额定电流稍大一些，一般应为其正常电流平均值的1.5-2.0倍。3 选择门极(控制级)参数可控硅门极施加控制信号使它由阻断变成导通需经历一段时间，这段时问称开通时间，它是由延迟时间和上升时间组成。从门极电流阶跃时刻开始，到阳极电流上升到稳态值的10%，这段时间称为延时时间； tr是阳极电流从l0上升到稳态值的90所经历的时间。可见开通时间与可控硅门极的可触发电压、电流有关，与可控硅结温，开通前阳极电压、开通后阳极电流有关，普 通可控硅的在10s以下。在外电路回路电感较大时可达几十甚至几百s以上(阳极电流的上升慢)。在选用可控硅时，特别是在有串并联使用时，应尽量选择门极触发特征接近的可控硅用在同一设备上，特别是用在同一臂的串或并联位置上，这样可以提高设备运行的可靠性和使用寿命。如果触发特性相差太大的可控硅在串联运行时将引起正向电压无法平均分配，使较长的可控硅管受损，并联运行时较短的可控硅管将分配更大的电流而受损，这对可控硅器件是不利的，所以同一臂上串或并联的可控硅触发电压、触发电流要尽量一致，也就是配对使用。在不允许可控硅有受干扰而误导通的设备中，如电机调速等，可选择门极触发电压、电流稍大一些的管子(如可触发电压2V，可触发电流150mA)以保证不出现误导通，在触发脉冲功率强的电路中也可选择触发电压、电流稍大一点的管。在磁选矿设备中，特别是旧的窄脉冲触发电路中，可选择一些、低一些的管子，如1.5V、在100mA以下。可减少触发不通而出现缺相运行。以上所述说明在某些情况下应对和参数进行选择。(以上举例对500A的可控硅参考参数)4 选择关断时间(tg)可控硅在阳极电流减少为0以后，如果马上就加上正向阳极电压，即使无门极信号，它也会再次导通，假如在再次加上正向阳极电压之前使器件承受一定时间的反向偏置电压，也不会误导通，这说明可控硅关断后需要一定的时间恢复其阻断能力。从电流过0到器件能阻断重加正向电压的瞬间为止的最小时闻间隔是可控硅的关断时间，由反向恢复时间和门极恢复时间构成，普通可控硅的约150-200s，通常能满足一般工频下变流器的使用，但在大感性负载的情况下可作一些选择。在中频逆转应用，如中频装置、电机车斩波器，变频调速等情况中使用，一定要对关断时间参数作选择，一般快速可控硅(即kk型晶闸管) 的关断时间在10-50s，其工作频率可达到1K-4KHZ；中速可控硅(即KPK型晶闸管)的关断时间在60-100s，其工作频率可达几百至lKHZ，即电机车的变频频率。3 MATLAB建模与仿真3.1仿真电路图图2仿真电路图图3 三相交流调压电路电阻负载仿真模型子系统3.2 参数设置1 模型参数设置1）三相电源。对称正弦交流电，幅值为2*220V，频率为50Hz，Ua,Ub,Uc初始相位分别为0，-120，120。2）晶闸管,电压测量，与实时数字显示等均采用默认设置。3）常量输入模块。常量值，输入设置为0，输入端B