T.S.Eliot艾略特英文介绍.ppt

ThomasStearnsEliot Apoet dramatist literarycritic andmodernist 1888 1965 LifeBorninMissourionSeptember26 1888 Hisfather HenryWareEliot wasthepresidentoftheHydraulicBrickCompany Hismother CharlotteChampeStearns wasavolunteerattheHumanityClubofSt Louis Beforebecomingavolunteer shewasateacher Whenhewasborn hisparentswereintheirmid fortiesandhissiblingswerealreadygrown Strugglingfromacongenitaldoubleinguinalhernia Eliotcouldnotparticipateinmanyphysicalactivitiesandthuswaspreventedfrominteractingsociallywithhispeers Thus hedevelopedhisloveforliterature LivedinSt Louisduringthefirsteighteenyearsofhislife Hewaseducatedbetween1906and1909atHarvardUniversity threeyears wherehestudiedphilosophy whichEliotadoptedandreflectedinhispoetry Hewasinfluencedbyanti RomanticismandtheItalianRenaissance particularlyinDante spoetry AfterworkingasaphilosophyassistantatHarvardfrom1909to1910 EliotmovedtoParis wherefrom1910to1911 hestudiedphilosophyattheSorbonne havingearnedbothundergraduateandmastersdegreesandhavingcontributedseveralpoemstotheHarvardAdvocate AfterayearinParis hereturnedtoHarvardtopursueadoctorateinphilosophy butreturnedtoEuropeandsettledinEnglandin1914 Thefollowingyear hemarriedVivienneHaigh WoodandbeganworkinginLondon firstasateacher andlaterforLloyd sBank ItwasinLondonthatEliotcameundertheinfluenceofhiscontemporaryEzraPound whorecognizedhispoeticgeniusatonce andassistedinthepublicationofhisworkinanumberofmagazines From1917to1919hewasassistanteditorofTheEgoist amagazineadvocatingtheImagistMovement In1921hismarriagewasafailureandthenhewenttoSwitzerlandtoreceivemedicaltreatment TwomonthslaterhegaveEzraPoundthemanuscriptofTheWasteLand In1927hewasreceivedintotheChurchofEnglandn1927hebecameaBritishcitizen sohisworksareconsideredapartofbothnationalliteratures Afteranotoriouslyunhappyfirstmarriage Eliotseparatedfromhisfirstwifein1933 andwasremarried toValerieFletcher in1956 In1948hereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature In1965hediedofemphysemainLondon andwascrematedatGoldersGreenCrematorium Tripleidentities Poet 普鲁弗洛克及其他 PrufrockandOtherObservations 1917年 诗集 Poems 1919年 荒原 TheWasteLand 1922年 诗集1909 1925 Poems1909 1925 1925年 圣灰星期三 AshWednesday 1930年 老负鼠的猫经 OldPossum sBookofPracticalCats 1939年 焦灼的诺顿 BurntNorton 1941年 四个四重奏 FourQuartets 1943年 诗集 CollectedPoems 1962年 TheLoveSongofJ AlfredPrufrock amasterpieceoftheModernistmovement Dramatist 岩石 TheRock 1934年 大教堂中的谋杀 MurderintheCathedral 1935年 家庭聚会 TheFamilyReunion 1939年 鸡尾酒会 TheCocktailParty 1950年 老政治家 TheElderStatesman 1958年 Tripleidentities Critic TheSacredWood 神木 EssaysonStyleandOrder 风格及秩序论文集 ElizabethanEssays 伊丽莎白论文集 AfterStrangeGods 拜异教之神 Influencedby 1 TheImagistmovement2 TheSymbolistMovementinLiteraturebyArthurSymons anEnglishcritic3 ColeridgeorMatthewArnoldInfluenceon 1 HewasthemostsuccessfulliterarydictatorinAmericanliteraryhistory whowieldedthemostdecisiveinfluenceoverliterarydevelopmentforalongtime 2 Postmodernistpoems Influencesandposition Hewasoneofthemostdistinguishedpoets andliterarycriticsofthe20thcentury Hestandsintheleadingofthemodernistpoetry Thetitlesof TheWasteland HollowMan havebecomethetermsthatdefinethenatureofmodernistsocietyandmodernman Eliot spoetrysaidmoreaboutthemodernchaosinfiftyor60linesthanallthesocialcriticsandtheirvolumesputtogether ArchibaldMacleishEliotwasviewedtomanypeopleas themostdominantfigureinpoetryandliterarycriticismintheEnglish speakingworld Hedominatedcriticismintheperiodbetweentwoworldwarsandshapedthetastesandthecriticalvocabularyofageneration Heinsistedthatpoetryshouldbeimpersonalandthatnotonlythepoet sprivatelifebuteventheworldinwhichhelivedwasirrelevanttoatrueunderstandingofhiswork Heisawarded theNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1948 forhisoutstanding pioneercontributiontopresent daypoetry theOrderofMeritinJanuary1948 theDanteGoldMedalin1959 1 Apoemshouldbeanorganicthinginitself amadeobject Onceitisfinished thepoetwillnolongerhavecontrolofit Itshouldbejudged analyzedbyitselfwithouttheinterferenceofthepoet spersonalinfluenceandintentionalelementsandotherelements 2 Modernlifeischaotic futile fragmentary sopoetryshouldreflectthisfragmentarynatureoflifeandthiskindnatureoflifeshouldbeprojected notanalyzed Hisaestheticviews 3 objectivecorrelative Asetofobjects asituation achainofevents formulainwhichthepoetexpresseshisemotionandinwhichthefusionofintellect feeling andexperienceshouldbeachieved 4 Thepoetshoulddrawupontradition usethepasttoservethepresentandfuture thepast present futureinterrelate borrowfromauthorsremoteintime alieninlanguage diverseininterest usethepasttounderscorewhatismissingfromthepresent Majorthemes Death fourkindsofdeath SexualityLostgenerationThemodernsocietyfutileandchaoticReligionWar Writingstyle 1 Eliot spoetrywasbe