八年级英语下册 现在完成时课件 人教新目标版.ppt

presentperfecttense 一 什么叫现在完成时 1 ihavejustlentmybooktojohn idon thavethebooknow 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去 但和现在情况有关 既用一个发生在过去的动作来说明现在的情况 2 myunclehaslivedinthatstreetsincehecametothiscity hebegantolivetheremanyyearsago helivestherenowandhewillgoonlivingthere 二 现在完成时的构成 1 jackhasgonetothecinema 2 theyhavefinishedtheirhomework 助动词have has 过去分词 jackhasn tgonetothecinema hasjackgonetothecinema yes hehas no hehasn t havetheyfinishedtheirhomework yes theyhave no theyhaven t theyhaven tfinishedtheirhomework 现在完成时用法 一 过去的 结束性 动作产生的影响或结果现在还存在 常用短暂性动词做谓语动词 如arrive get finish borrow open stop begin go come die fall 时间状语常用already just yet ever before once 一次 recently等不具体的过去时间或不带有时间状语 三 现在完成时的用法 1 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 haveyouhadyourlunchyet yes ihave ihavejusthadit 现在不饿了 ihavealreadypostedthephotos 照片已不再我这里了 marywithhisfamilyhasneverbeentochinabefore havetheyeverheardofthestory no notyet adverbsoftime before bynow sofar 到目前为止once twice just recentlyyet 否 疑 already 肯 ever never 曾经 从不 exercises 一 按要求变化下列各句 1 shehaslistenedtoapieceofforeignmusic 否定句 2 ihavegotsomethingimportanttodo 一般疑问句 3 haveyouevertraveledonatrain 否定回答 shehasn tlistenedtoapieceofforeignmusic haveyougotanythingimportanttodo hehasalreadyfinishedastorybook 4 hefinishedreadingastory book 改成现在完成时 5 lileihaseatensomedumplingsforhisbreakfast 对划线问 6 i veworkedoutthemathsproblem 对划线部分提问 whohasworkedoutthemathsproblem whathaslileieatenforhisbreakfast no ihaven t 二 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 areyousureyou lose thebook yes i look foriteverywhere butistill cannot findit 2 you take themedicineyet yes i take ithalfanhourago 3 i never meet hersisterbefore 4 he just watch afootballgame heissotiredandhungrynow 5 howmanytimes you read thisbook i read itseveraltimes havelost havelooked can t have taken took havenevermet hasjustwatched have read haveread 6 mybrother buy acarlastmonth 7 whereisjoan she go tothecinema 8 youcanturnofftheradionow i hear thenewsalready i hear itat8o clock 9 jack notfind hiswatchyet 10 weifang come yet yes she come already when she come she come justnow bought hasgone haveheard heard hasn tfound hascome hascome didcome came 1 都表示过去发生的事2 现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系 不能和具体的时间状语连用 3 一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用 last ago yesterday etc present past ihavelivedherefortwoyears ilivedthere2yearsago eg 1 hehadhisbreakfastat6 00hehashadhisbreakfast 2 whendidyoucomehere iwatchedthefootballmatchontvat9 00 exercises 1 i have lunchalready 2 hasthetrain arrive yet 3 tome never beto china 4 thetwin just see myfather 5 thetwins see myfatherjustnow 6 manytallbuildings build inthepast5years havehad arrived has beento has seen saw havebeenbuilt 用法二 for 段时间since 点时间since 句子 过去时 e g katehaslivedherefor3years katehaslivedheresince3yearsago katehaslivedheresinceshecametochina 表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态 一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去 动词使用延续性动词 常与for或since引导的时间连用 常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变 arrive come gotodiebecomeaborrowleave movebuyopenjoinstart beginfinish endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedin bein bedead have keep beaway beout bea bein amemberof beopen beon beover haveacold beup know beout beclosed beawake beasleep sleep beinterestedin exercises hisfatherhasdied for2years thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m thetwinshavejoinedthearmy sincetheyare18yearsold myteacherhasjustleftnanjing for3days hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m thetwinshavebeensoldiers beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold myteacherhasbeenawayfromnanjingfor3days 重点句型 itis hasbeen 段时间 since从句段时间 haspassed since从句 eg 他死了两年了 hediedtwoyearsago hehasbeendeadfortwoyears sincetwoyearsagoitis hasbeentwoyearssincehedied twoyearshaspassedsincehedied 1 这本书我借了一个月了 iborrowedthisbookamonthago itis hasbeenamonthsinceiborrowedthebook ihavekeptthebookforamonth sinceamonthago amonthhaspassedsinceiborrowedthebook have hasgonetohave hasbeentohave hasbeenin have hasgoneto 已经去了或在途中 还没有返回 have hasbeento 曾今去过某地 现在已经回来了 后面可接表示 次数 的状语 have hasbeenin 表示某人 已在某地停留一段时间 现仍在那里 其后常带表示一段时间的状语 exercises tom在哪儿 他去书店买书了 我在北京待了5年了 jack去过上海两次了 whereistom hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks ihavebeeninbeijingfor5years jackhasbeentoshanghaitwice correcting 1 ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months 2 mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18 3 jackandtomhavelivedheresince5years 4 thefilmhasbeenonsinceihavecometothecinema 5 whenhasmr licaughtabadcold havekept hasbeenin beenamemberofthearmy since5yearsago for5years came did catch 6 tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried 7 jimhasgonetobeijingfor2years 8 whattimehavethefactoryopened 9 ihavegonetochunhuamiddleschooltwice has hasbeenin did open beento exercises iamanamericanboyicametochinatwoyearsago i study herefortwoyears myfatheroften take me play footballontheplayground lastweeki take totheparkbyhim