高考英语 语法专题复习03 名词性从句精品课件.ppt

03 名词性从句 i 语序问题 1 thephotographswillshowyou met89 a whatdoesourvillagelooklikeb whatourvillagelookslikec howdoesourvillagelookliked howourvillagelookslike 2 heasked foraviolin met92 a didipayhowmuchb ipaidhowmuchc howmuchdidipayd howmuchipaid 规律一 名词性从句在句中要用陈述语序 ii 引导词的选择 1 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave a what whatb what thatc that thatd that what 2 itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey a whileb thatc ifd for 3 whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon a whenb howc whetherd why 4 madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities a what becauseb what thatc that whatd that because 规律二 1 从句是陈述句转化而来的 不含有疑问意义 由that引导且that连词在从句中不作成分2 从句是由一般疑问句转化而来 含有疑问意义的 由whether if引导3 从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来 含有疑问意义的 由wh 连词引导且wh 连词在从句中作成分 连接代词what who which whose whatever whoever whomever whichever 连接副词where when why how wherever whenever 找出下列句子中的错误 并总结出规律 7 ifwewillhaveameetinghasn tbeendecidedyet 8 itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit 9 thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting 10 heaskedmeificouldgowithhimornot whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn tbeendecidedyet itdependsonwhethertheweatheris thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent heaskedmewhethericouldgowithhimornot 规律三 whether和if的区别 whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换 但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether 如 italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback 后面直接跟ornot时用whether 如 ididn tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinwuhan 主语从句和表语从句中只能用whether 如 whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney whether可以引导同位语从句 用以说明前面的名词的内容 if不能 如 weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot whether常与or连用表示一种选择 if不能这样用 whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能 如 thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示 不管 无论 而if不能 但可以引导一个条件状语从句表示 如果 如 whetherhecomesornot wewillbeginourpartyontime ifihavetimetomorrow i llgotovisittom 找出下列句子中的错误 并总结出规律 ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks 2 thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting 3 everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime 4 itdoesn tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot it it that whether 规律四 主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助 it 而后置 1 主语从句可以用it 作形式主语 来替换成以下几种结构表达 a itisclear certain likely true surprisingthat b itisapity shame goodidea nowonderthat c itissaid reported believed known thought suggestedthat d itseems happensthat 如 itissaidthatchinawillwinintheworldcup 2 宾语从句可以用it 作形式宾语 来替换的句型为 主语 谓语 it adj n 从句如 ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting 1 sarahhopestobecomeafriendof sharesherinterests a anyoneb whomeverc whoeverd nomatterwho 2 muchadviceigavehim hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo a howb whateverc howeverd nomatter 3 itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants a howeverb whateverc whicheverd whenever hewillbelievewhateverotherssay 不能用nomatterwhat代替whatever whateverotherssay hewillbelieveit 可以用nomatterwhat代替whatever 规律四 whatever whichever whoever whenever wherever however等与nomatterwhat nomatterwhich nomatterwho nomatterwhen nomatterwhere nomatterhow的区别 前者既可以引导名词性从句 也可以引导让步状语从句 而nomatter加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句 找出下列句子中的错误 并总结出规律 4 wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema 5 myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst 6 hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable wesuggestedthatwe should gotothecinema myideaisthatwe should doourhomeworkfirst hisproposalthatwe should gothereonfoot 规律五 注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用 1 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 wish 宾语从句 表示不能实现的愿望 译为 要是 就好了 等 表示现在不能实现的愿望 从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时 表示将来不能实现的愿望 从句中的谓语动词用 would could 动词原形 表示过去不能实现的愿望 从句中的谓语动词用 had 过去分词 或 could should have 过去分词 如 iwishitwerespringalltheyearround iwishihadknowntheanswer iwishicouldflylikeabird 在表示建议 要求 命令等的动词suggest advise propose demand require insistrequest command order等动词后的宾语从句中 从句谓语动词用 should 动词原形或是动词原形 如 shesuggestedwe should leavehereatonce thedoctororderedshe should beoperatedon 2 虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用 作表示建议 要求 命令等的名词advise idea order demand plan proposal suggestion request等的表语从句和同位语从句 从句中的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 如 hissuggestionthatwe should gotoshanghaiiswonderful myideaisthatthey should pay100dollars 3 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 在主语从句中 谓语动词的虚拟语气用 should 动词原形 的结构 表示惊奇 不相信 理应如此等 如 itisnecessary important natural strange etc thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday itwasapity ashame nowonder etc thatyoushouldbesocareless itwillbedesired suggested decided ordered requested proposed etc thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon 注意 这种从句表示的是事实 如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感 就可用虚拟语气 反之 如果不表示惊奇等情感 that从句也可用陈述句语气 如 itispitythatyoucan tswim 名词从句与定语从句的主要区别 成分上的区别 名词性从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分 1 howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery 2 iwonderwhether ifheisfitforthejob 3 theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask 4 hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 5 ivisitedthecountrywhich thathadbeenbombedbytheus lednato 美国为首的北约 amonthbefore 6 ishallneverforgettheyearswhenilivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers whichhasagreateffectonmylife 7 intheofficeineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5 30pm bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome 8 ihadneverseensuchagoodfilmasiwatchedlastnight 结论 名词性从句充当句子的主要成分 作主语 宾语 表语 同位语 且无先行词 同位语除外 定语从句充当句子的修饰成分 作定语 前面有先行词 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 that作为关系代词 可以引导定语从句 充当句子的主语或宾语成分 在从句中作宾语时可以省略 that引导同位语从句时 起连词的作用 没有实际意义 不充当句子成分 一般不能省略 试比较下面两个例句 thesuggestion that heraisedatthemeetingisverygood that引导定语从句 作宾语 可以省略 thesuggestionthatthestudents should haveplentyofexerciseisverygood that引导同位语从句 ihadnoideathatyouwerehere that引导同位语从句 不能省略 haveyougottheidea that thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientgreece that引导定语从句 作宾语 可以省略 引导词的不同 不会出现在名词从句中的关系词 不会出现在定语从句中的关系词 as 且when where等不能与in on atwhich互换 whether if what how 名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系 1 hehasdonewhathecantohelpme hehasdone hecantohelpme whatiwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit allthat allthat 3 whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished breaksthelawistobepunished 4 hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost hewillgivethedictionaryto needsitmost 5 we llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp we llremember weturnedtoforhelp anyonewho anyonewho anyone whom 6 theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo theywilldo hewantsthemtodo 7 i llreadwhicheverbookyougiveme i llread ofthebooks yougiveme anythingthat any that 其余问题 1 误 idon tknowifhecomesbackthismonth 2 误 ihavenoideawhathadhappenedwheniwasaway 正 idon tknowifhewillcomebackthismonth 正 ihavenoideawhathappenedwheniwasaway 3 误 thereasonisbecauseheisill 4 误 wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight 正 thereasonisthatheisill 正 whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight 名词性从句试题集锦1 iaskher comewithme ifshewillb ifwillshec whetherwillshed willshe2 hesaidistrue whatb thatc whichd whether 5 togetthejobstarted ineedissomemoney onlywhatb allwhatc allthatd onlythat6 ihavenoidea fartherailwaystationisfromhere a whatb howc it sd that 3 canyoutellme whoisthatgentlemanb thatgentlemaniswhoc whothatgentlemanisd whomisthatgentleman4 hedidn tknowwhichroom theylivedb theylivedinc didtheylived didtheylivein 7 canyoutellme therailwaystation a howicangettob whatcanigettoc whereicangottod wherecanigetto8 doyouknow a whatishisnameb howishisnamec whathisnameisd howhisnameis9 youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople a thatb whatc whichd this10 theyhavenoideaatall a wherehehasgoneb wheredidhegoc whichplacehashegoned wherehashegone11 theywanttoknow dotohelpus a whatcantheyb whattheycanc howtheycand howcanthey12 thesephotographswillshowyou a whatourvillagelookslikeb whatdoesourvillagelooklikec howdoesourvillagelookliked howourvillagelookslike 13 canyoumakesure thegoldring a wherealicehadputb wherehadaliceputc wherealicehasputd wherehasaliceput14 noonecanbesure inamillionyears a whatmanwilllooklikeb whatwillmanlooklikec manwilllookliked whatlookmanlike15 the2008olympicgameswillbeheldinbeijingisnotknownyet a wheneverb ifc whetherd that16 goandgetyourcoat it s youleftit a thereb wherec therewhered wherethere17 itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggray a whileb thatc ifd for18 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent a whatb thatc thefactd thematter 19 doyouremember hecame yes ido hecamebycar a howb whenc thatd if20 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave a what whatb what thatc that thatd that what21 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather a ifb whetherc thatd where22 itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants a howeverb whateverc whiche