EEC初三上知识点讲解unit2.doc

初三上Unit2知识点讲解词汇讲解1.Smell闻到，有 气味（smelled ,smelled or smelt smelt）1）. v. 1.smell+n. “闻到嗅到”I am smelling a flower.我正在闻花。Close your eyes and smell something.闭上你的眼睛，闻闻某物。I bent down to smell the flowers.我弯下腰闻花香。2）. Link v. 1.smell+adj. “闻起来”When you smell a rose , does it smell different from other flowers.当你闻玫瑰时，它闻起来不同于其他的花吗？How does that ice cream taste， Liu Chang？流畅，那冰淇淋尝起来怎么样？These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。 2.smell like +n“闻起来”What does the perfume smell like? 这种香水闻起来像什么3）n.气味 smell+ of +名词 有味道，气味There is a smell of burning in the air 空气中有一股烧东西的焦糊味2. listen 不及物动词 不能直接加宾语想要加宾语必须加上to 这里to是介词Listen to +宾语 表示听（强调过程）hear“听见”（强调结果）I _ _ the teacher carefully but I could _ _ 我认真的听老师讲了但我什么也没听见 3.feel用作联系动词的用法1).表示某人的感觉 以人做主语 I dont _ very _ today 我今天感到不太舒服We all _ rather worried我们都感到很着急用于此意时可以用于进行时I feel very well = I _ _ very well.我感觉很好 2).表示某物摸起来给人的感觉通常要以被摸之物做主语Your hand feels cold 你的手摸起来很凉Ice feels cold 冰感觉起来是凉的Silk feels soft and smooth 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑该用法不用于被动语态,同时也不用于进行时态,并且其后一般也不接To be ； Eg. Glass feels smooth.如玻璃摸起来是光滑的.4. Taste 1). n. 味道 the taste of + n. 的味道I dont like the taste of bitter.我不喜欢苦味.Everyone knows about these four _.每个人都知道四种味道The _ _ is hard to _.第五种味道很难描绘。A food _ cheese also has this _.像奶酪也有这种味道。2). v. taste + n. “品尝” You can taste the garlic in this stew在炖肉中你可以尝出大蒜的味道3). Link v. “尝起来” All candy tastes sweet, _ _ _ candy _ the same.所有的糖尝起来甜，但并不是所有的糖尝起来一样。 Thus, grape candy _ _ _ orange candy.因此，葡萄味的糖品尝起来不同于橘子味的。4）taste like Some things taste sweet. Other things taste sour. Some food taste salty. They can also taste like bitter medicine.5. telephone n. 电话电话机The telephone rang and Pat answered it 电话铃响了波特接了电话over the telephone =through the telephone =by telephone on the telephone 在打电话,在通电话Who has trouble hearing on the phone ?I talked to him on the phone. He sounded worried.Sb are wanted on the phone 有电话youre wanted on the telephone =Somebody wants to speak to you 有人打电话给你2. v. telephone sb.给某人打电话I was about to telephone the police 我正要给警察打电话6.Make vt.1.做 制造 建造 make sb sth =make sth for sb Mary made a paper boat for me =Mary made me a paper boat 玛丽为我做了一只纸船2.做出（某种动作） I didnt make any promise 我没有做出任何承诺 3.做使役动词 他翻译成“使” 用法如下 1.make+名词+形容词 We make Beijing beautiful 我们使北京变漂亮2.make+名词+名词I make the classroom a happy world我使课堂变成欢乐地世界3. Make sb do sth I make john repair my car我让约翰修理我的车4.make it +形容词/名词 to do sth I make it possible to finish this work in the minutes我使这个工作在十分钟之完成成为可能5.make it +形容词/名词+that从句I make it possible that our students can pass the exams我是我的学生们能通过考试成为可能7.speaking打电话是我们经常说“May (Could) I speak to Mr. smith”(请史密斯先生接电话)对方回答时可以说“This is smith speaking”(我是史密斯)可以省略“this is ”只说“smith speaking”如果是比较熟的人可以直接说名儿不说姓“speaking”.打电话时 也经常说this is . . . speaking 用来自我介绍.this代表我 speaking 可以省去Hello this is Tom （speaking）你好 我是汤姆Who is that speaking ? 你是谁？ That 用来询问对方是谁 speaking可以省去 is that（speaking）你是吗 that也可以来询问对方是谁! Speaking可以省去.8.closely adv. 接近地 仔细地 Lets _ _ _ at nose and tongues.让我们更仔细地看看鼻子和舌头。 _ _ ,you can see a small bug.仔细看，你能看见小虫。 He walked into the room closely followed by the rest of the family 他走进房间后面紧跟着他家里的人Close adj . (closer -closest )(在时间空间上)接近的（关系）密切的 Our new house is close to the school 我们的新家离学校很近 She is close to her mother 他和她妈妈的关系很亲密9. thousand num. 一千1）one/two thousand students 一千、两千名学生 There are one thousand students in my school.2）thousands of different things 数千种不同的东西Most people can smell thousands of different things.“thousands of” 为固定用法，表示“数以千计的”类似的短语还有：hundreds of ;thousands of ； millions of ；billions of 后面都加可数名词复数。都是表示不确定的数 10. describe v.（describeddescribed- describing）description n. 描写 说明形容1）describe sb. /sth. ;to/for sb.为描述Can you describe this girl? Write two things.- Can you describe you shoes? -Yes , they are blue running shoes.2）describe sb /sth as sth把描述成3)description n. 描写 说明形容A detailed/full description 详尽的说明11. through prep.1） 通过,穿过 She is _ _ her glasses.她正通过眼睛看。_ _the gate and youll see the house _your _. 你穿过大门就看到左面的房子了12. learn about = learn of 得知、了解Eg. A child learns about the world through five things : his eyes, ears, fingers, nose and tongue.learn sth. from sb.sth. 向某人学习e.g. I am sorry to learn about/of your illness. I learned a poem from a book.13.1)be different fromWhen you smell a rose, does it smell different other flowers?2) be the same as-be similar to （同意句转化）Eg.Your pillow is different from mine.=Your pillow isnt the same as mine.2）the same +名词+as “和一样”Is her bag the same color as her sweater ?14. a fifth taste 译为：又一种味道，序数词作定语，要加“the“。当有形容词性物主代词放在序数词前时，不加定冠词”the”，序数词前加不定冠词“a”, 表示“再一、又一”。e.g However, scientists recently found out about a fifth taste.Tom is the fourth son of the family. Jack is her third son. Shall we ask the teacher a third time?15. not 与 all、both、every等词连用时，表示不完全否定，译为“一切 不都是”或“并非一切 都是”。Eg. I dont know all of them.All candy tastes sweet , but not all candy tastes the same.16.loud 1. adj.(louder loudest)喧闹的 大声的she spoke in a very loud voice 他声音洪亮的讲了话2.adv.喧闹地 大声地Do you have to play that music so loud? 你非把音乐开那么大吗？比较 loud loudly louder 和aloudLoud做非正式用语常为副词 几乎总是用于loud enough /as enough as等短语中 或与too， very ，so等词连用I shouted as loud as I could我声嘶力竭地喊着loudly为源自形容词loud的常用副词The audience laughed loudly at the joke观众听到这个笑话大笑起来louder作为非正式用语指更大声地 Can you speak louder?你大声些行吗？Aloud 副词 相当正式 “出声地 大声地”The teacher listened to the children reading aloud老师听着孩子们的朗读 17.agree v. “赞同 同意”agreement n.1).agree with sb. (about/on sth.)He agreed with them about the need for change他同意他们需要变革的意见2).agree on sth. 双方达成一致意见They agreed on the plan他们双方都同意这个计划3).agree to do sth.He agreed to let me go early他同意让我早走4).agree that +从句He agreed that I could go early他同意我可以早走18.picnic n “野餐.野餐食物”have a picnic / go for a picnic“野餐”v. (-ck-) 野餐 No picnicking allowed禁止野餐19. medicine n.（不可数名词） have medicine/ take medicine 吃药 medicine for cold 感冒药 eg. My head hurts. Can I have some medicine ?20. bitter 苦 sour 酸 sweet 甜hot 辣 salty 咸21. however : no matter how; but or stillhowever 意为“可是，然而，尽管”，较 but 的意味弱，通常用作连接性状语。其位置可以在句首，句末或插入句中。当其被用来对照两个分句时，中间需要有一个逗号；当它被用作句子的插入语时，则前后应各有一个逗号。例如：(1) However， we need not do that now. 可是，我们现在不需要做那个。(2) He said it was so； he was mistaken， however. 他说是那样的，然而他却弄错了。(3) His friends， however， had other ideas. 然而他的朋友们却另有见解。注： however 也可用作连接副词，意为“不论怎样”，用来引导让步状证从句。例如：However we may do it， it will be a difficult job. 无论雪下得多大，我们都必须回去。22.hint: say something but not directlyAnn closed her eyes to hint that she was tired.安闭上眼睛暗示她累了。23.说某物坏了，用be broken或do not workThe CD didnt work.= The CD was broken. CD 坏了，不好使了。24.too much/too many/ much tootoo much 意为太多，接不可数名词too many和too much同义，只是too many接可数名词.much too意为太，后接形容词= very二.语法：1.look /sound /smell/ taste/ feel的用法这几个词用作联系动词的时候他们的意思分别是“看起来”、“听起来”、“闻起来”、“尝起来”、“摸起来”其用法如下1） 通常以被感觉的东西做主语，虽有被动词味 但不用被动2） 其后均可接介词 likeThis looks （tastes /smells/ feels）like an orange这东西看起来像橘子另外 taste 和 smell 后还可以接介词 of 表示“有的味道”It tastes (smells) of fish.这东西有鱼的味道。3.）除look外均不用于进行时态（即使是look用于进行时态也不多见）You look (are looking)tired this evening 今晚你好像很累feel 表示“感觉”可用于进行时：How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉如何？Im feeling terrible 我感到难受极了4)这五个感官动词也可作实义动词,除look(当看起来讲时)只能作不及物动词外,其余四个既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词,此时作为实义动词讲时其主语一般为人。Eg.She smelt the meat.她闻了闻那块肉。I felt in my pocket for cigarettes.我用手在口袋里摸香烟。 若以上动词用作实意动词则可以用于进行时态He is tasting the pudding 他在尝布丁5) 其中look, sound, feel还能构成look / sound / feel + as if +从句结构，意为 看起来/听起来/感觉好像。Eg.It looks as if our class is going to win.看来我们班好像要获胜了.2.感官动词(及物动词)有：see/notice/watch/hear感官动词+do 与+doing的区别： 1.) 感官动词+ do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实)2.)+doing 表示动作的连续性