2016年中考英语复习之动词分类及动词短语.doc

2016年中考英语复习之动词分类及动词短语一、动词的分类（实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词）1.实义动词（包括及物动词和不及物动词）2.系动词(一是一感一保持，起来四个好像变了仨)be,feel,stay,keep,look,smell,taste,sound,seem,turn,become,get3.助动词(进行时be+V-ing,被动语态be+V-ed,完成时have/has/had+V-ed,将来时will/would/shall+V原，一般现在时do/does,一般过去时did)4.情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,need,shall,should,will,would)(1).不及物动词没有被动语态；(2).非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的词语连用(否定句除外)二、易混词辨析1.used to do sth表示过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth表示习惯于做某事2.dress sb/oneself给某人穿衣服, put on穿上,戴上,表动作;wear穿着,戴着,表状态,与be in同义。3.see看见，表结果；look,看，表动作,不及物动词，后面须加介词at才能跟宾语； watch看(电视、比赛) read看(书、报)，表示阅读4.bring(带来，拿来)，表示从远处拿到说话者的地方 take(拿走，带走)，表示从说话者的地方拿到远处fetch(去拿来)，表示一个来回、往返的过程 carry,用力搬运，没用方向性5.die,死，不及物动词，非延续性动词(die of死于) dead死的，形容词，表状态；death，死，名词；dying垂死的，要死的，形容词His grandfather died two years ago.= His grandfather has been dead for wo years. = His grandfather has been dead since wo years ago.6.sb spend some time on sth某人花费多少时间在某事上sb spend some time (in) doing sth某人花费多少时间做某事 it takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费了某人多少时间 sb pay some money for sth某人为某物支付了多少钱 sth cost sb some money某物花费某人多少钱7.look for强调寻找的过程，find强调寻找的结果8.listen to强调听的动作，hear强调听的结果9.hang的过去式(过去分词)hung悬挂，hanged绞死，吊死10.lose输(lose to sb输给某人) fail指失败或未能做成某事(fail/pass the exam) beat打败，后接sb或某支队伍 win赢得(荣誉、地位、比赛)11.lose丢失，失去；forget忘记(forget to do sth 忘记去做某事，forget doing sth 忘记做过某事) leave sth +地点（吧某物落在某地）12.think of想到，认为；think about考虑；think over仔细考虑，反复思考13.may be(可能是)为情态动词加原形表示推测，在句中做谓语;maybe (大概,也许)为副词,相当于perhaps,用于句首 My father may be at home now.= Maybe my father is at home now.三、常见的动词短语1.look for寻找,look after照顾, look forward to doing sth渴望做某事,look at看着,look up抬头看,查找,look like看起来像,look through浏览,look out当心2.put off推迟,put on穿上,上演,put away把收起来,put up举起,建造,张贴,put out扑灭,put down写下,放下3.turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现,turn over翻开;翻转,turn on打开(电灯等) turn off关(电灯等)4.be friendly/kind to对友好,be different from与不同,be afraid of害怕,be popular with受欢迎,be interested in对感兴趣,be surprised at对惊讶,be proud of(take pride in)对感到自豪,be strict with sb对某人严格,be strict in sth对某事严格, be good at擅长,be sure of/about对有把握,be made up of由构成,be angry with sb对某人生气；be busy with sth忙于；be full of/filled with装满了,be late for迟到,be covered with覆盖着be famous/known for因著名；be famous/known as作为有名5.get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在进展（顺利）,get up起床,get on上车(船、飞机),get off下车get home到家,get out (of) (从)出去,get to到达get together聚会,get over克服,get used to习惯于6.take off（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣服）,take away拿走；take out取出,take up占据时间、空间，开始从事，拿起,take photos照相,take ones place= take the place ofsb坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务take a seat就坐take a shower淋浴，洗澡take care of照顾take care小心，当心take ones temperature量体温take part in参与，参加take it easy别着急，慢慢来7.agree with sb同意某人agree to do sth同意做某事8.pick up拾起，捡起，拿起，收听，用车接送客人、货物，收拾、整理；pick out挑选。9.cut in插嘴cut down砍到cut up切碎cut off切除10.go over复习,go swimming/skating/shopping/dancing/fishing /camping去游泳/溜冰/购物/跳舞/钓鱼/野营,go out出去,go by时间流逝,从旁经过,go for为而去,go with sb 与某人一起去11.come in进来,come out出来,出版,come from来自,come back回来,come across偶然遇到,come over(to)过来,come home回家,come on（表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等）快！得啦；跟着来,come true实现come up with=think up提出，想出12.give up放弃，give off放出、发出（气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等,give out分发,散发,give away赠送,give back归还give in屈服，让步，投降13.make a decision作出决定,make sb. do sth.让某人做某事,make mistakes犯错误,make progress取得进步；make a face做鬼脸；make friends with sb与交朋友；be made from用材料做成，不能看出原材料；be made of用材料制成，能看出原材料,make up编造,虚构，打扮，弥补be made up of由组成make use of使用，利用make oneself at home随便，别拘束14.break down破坏,出故障break out爆发break the law违反法律break the record破记录15.keep sb. away from sth.使某人离开某物stop/keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep in touch with 与某人保持联系keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事keep off远离keep up with跟上keep down抑制,控制keep out遮挡,使不进入( )1.Lao Shes Teahouse the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. （2015天津）A. describes B. improves C. prepares D. corrects( )2.-How is Tom now?-I hear the company him a good job, but he refused it. （2015呼和浩特）A.provided B.offered C.passed D.introduced( )3.Fresh food is good for you . But you have to it first because sometimes it a little dirty. (2015江西)A. taste B. smell C. wash D. plant( )4.-Tom, its cold outside. your coat when you go out. -OK, Mom. (2015克拉玛依) A. Take off B. Take away C. Put away D. Put on( )5.-You say you are short of money. Why not sell your old gold watch for some money?-Oh, I cant, because it was a gift from my wife. I promised her I would never it.( 2015襄阳)A.care about B.look after C.stick to D.part with( )6.The boy has a good habit to all the things in right places. （2015呼和浩特）A.put away B.put up C.take away D.take up( )7.I really need to take more exercise because Im weight.（2015杭州）A.putting off B.putting on C.putting down D.putting away( )8.-What did you do on Earth Day this year?-We a show to spread the message about protecting the environment.（2015福州）A.put on B.put up C.put away( )9.Yunnan is beautiful and Im visiting it again. （2015天津）A. keeping clear of B. suffering from C. looking forward to D. running away from( )10.- It will only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-speed railway.-Wow, how exciting! I cant wait.（2015福州）A.take B.spend C.cost( )11.When I got to the bus stop. I missed the early bus and I had to the next one.( 2015德州) A.give up B.keep off C.call off D.wait for( )12.We planned to meet at 10:30 at the station last Sunday, but Bob didnt until 12:00. (2015安徽) A.turn up B.give up C.stay up D.grow up( )13.Dreams are beautiful. However, to them needs lots of time and work. （2015安徽）A.discover B.find C.achieve D.stop( )14.-Do you know our new manager? -Yes.He to be a friend of my brother. (2015苏州）A. turns up B. turns on C. turns out D. turns off( )15.It is necessary for everyone to a good habit of reading. （2015济宁）A.enjoy B.choose C.develop D.accept( )16.The running water makes the stones very smooth. （2015安徽）A.sound B.taste C.smell D.feel( )17.Bob is taking the desks away because they too much room. （2015天津）A. stand up B. pick up C. take up D. listen up( )18.-The school network will be shut down for safety reasons.-That doesnt me at all. Im not a net-worm, anyway. （2015无锡）A. satisfy B. surprise C. worry D. include( )19.-Whats wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.-I to prepare for the final exam last night. （2015安顺）A.picked up B.woke up C.put up D.stayed up( )20.The exam is over and the results will be on Friday afternoon. （2015泰安）A.put down B.put off C.put up D.put away( )21.We have to the bike ride because of the bad weather. （2015济宁）A.put off B.turn off C.take off D.get off( )22.-Has Jane done the washing yet? -You cannot her to do such a thing.( 2015苏州) A. want B. hope C. expect D. wish( )23.-Jenny, I hear there will be an art club in our school.-Wonderful! I cant wait to it. （2015温州）A. repeat B.forget C. receive D. join( )24.The governments should the use of new types of energy to make a greener world.( 2015无锡) A. push in B. push for C. put out D. put up( )25.The Apple Watch is very beautiful, but its too expensive. So I cant it.( 2015武威) A.save B.support C.offer D.afford( )26.-Its reported that Chinese more than 40 minutes a day reading WeChat(微信).-Its true. But I think WeChat is taking too much of our time. （2015襄阳）A.spend B.cost C.pay D.take( )27.-Could you the computer for me, dear? I want to check my e-mails.-Certainly, Ill do it right away. （2015襄阳）A.turn on B.turn down C.turn off D.turn up( )28.The boy is sleeping. Please the radio. （2015益阳）A.turn up B.turn off C.turn on( )29.-Dear sister, does the TV show Dad comes back our father?-Sure, Dad has been away for about ten years. （2015自贡）A.let you down B.help you out C.remind you of( )30.-Do you think our basketball team will win the match?-Yes, we have better players. So I them to win. （2015自贡）A.hope B.help C.expect( )31.They walked home last night because they couldnt to take a taxi. (2015重庆A/C卷) A.leave B.buy C.afford D.allow( )32.They all Laura about building a museum here. （2015重庆A/C卷）A.waited for B.handed in C.agreed with D.knocked at( )33.-Your mother younger than she is. -Thank you for saying so. （2015重庆B卷）A.looks B.listens C.sees D.hears( )34.Its getting dark. Would you please the light? （2015重庆B卷）A.get on B.get off C.turn on D.turn off( )35.-What will a science museum be like if you are asked to build one? -I hope it will like a book.( 2014潍坊) A. taste B. sound C. look D. smell( )36.-The medicine awful. I cant stand it. -I know, Jimmy. But its helpful for you. (2014昆明) A. tastes B. eats C. drinks D. takes( )37.Mom is cooking dinner. It so nice. (2014河北) A. smellsB. tastesC. feels D. sounds( )38.Mum, what are you cooking? It so sweet. (2014安徽) A. tastes B. feelsC. soundsD. smells( )39.-What are you going to do this weekend? -I together with my classmates going to climb Mount Qian. (2014湖北咸宁) A. is B. am C. are D. were( )40.This kind of peach looks really nice, but it very sour. (2014宁波) A. tastes B. looks C. feels D. sounds( )41.The vegetable soup delicious. Can I have more? (2014德州) A. looks B. tastes C. sounds D. feels( )42.The skirt as if it is made of silk. (2014丽水) A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells( )43.-What the number of the students in your school? -About two thousand. A number of them from the countryside. (2014泰安) A. is; are B. is: is C. are; is D. are: are( )44.Listen, the country music so sweet. (2014湖州) A. smells B. sounds C. feels D. looks( )45.I like the dress very much. It comfortable. (2014聊城) A. feels B. tastes C. sounds D. smells( )46.-How do you like the fish I cooked for you? -I havent had it yet. However, it good. (2014菏泽) A. smells B. tastes C. sounds D. feels( )47.-It is too noisy here. I cant stand it. -Me, too. We have to new ways to solve the problem. A. catch up with B. keep up with C. come up with( )48.He an English club last year and has improved his English a lot. A. protected B. produced C. joined D. received( )49.To keep healthy, many people every day.A take a shower B. take pride C. take a look D. take exercise( )50.-What are you packing so many books for, Grandma? -Ill to the kids in West China.A. give them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in( )51.The little boy his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus. A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought( )52.It will them several years to learn English well. A. cost B. take C. spend( )53.-My aunt goes to climb mountains every Sunday. -Oh? But she hate climbing mountai