（浙江专版）2017高考英语二轮复习 专题7 阅读理解 类型9 政经史地讲练.doc

类型9| 政经史地考查要点方法技巧1.常识，基本概念、原理，现实意义。2地理现象的形成、影响，自然灾害的起因、后果、预防。3名胜古迹、文化遗产的形成，特点及其保护。1.弄清文章诸要素之间的内在关系，并据此展开推理判断。2把握诸如位置、方位等细节，绘制简易地图。3掌握一些政经史地方面的常识。(2015湖北高考c)hilversum is a mediumsized city between the major cities of amsterdam and utrecht in the gooi area of north holland，the netherlands.unlike most of the netherlands，hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.once called the garden of amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests.they visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness.for dutch people，hilversum is all about textile(纺织) and media industries，and modern architecture.in history，hilversum was largely an agricultural area.daily life was marked by farming，sheep raising and wool production.a railway link to amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from amsterdam to hilversum.they built themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town.one of the families moving in was the brenninkmeijers，currently the wealthiest family of the netherlands.they moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in hilversum.but the textile boom lasted only several decades.the last factory closed in the 1960s.the change to a media economy started in 1920，when the nederlandse seintoestellen fabriek(nsf) established a radio factory in hilversum.most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town.television gave another push to the local economy.hilversum became the media capital of the netherlands，and dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.in the early 1900s，modern architects wm.dudok and jduiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in hilversum.these modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.dudok alone shaped most of 20th century hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics.his masterpiece，hilversum town hall，was built in 19281931.it has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.the building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”actually，one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the wm.dudok architectural route in hilversum.59hilversum is different from most of the netherlands in that ait has a large populationbit is cut off from big citiescit has many beautiful gardensdit is in a hilly area with sandy soil60what was the greatest contribution of the brenninkmeijers to hilversum?abuilding a railway link to amsterdam.bhelping its textile industry to develop.cconstructing large villas for the poor.dassisting its agricultural industry.61the beginning of the media industry in hilversum was marked by the establishment of aa radio factorybthe media capitalca radio stationda tv station62what is known about wm.dudoks hilversum town hall?ait consists of approximately 75 buildings.bit looks like an open air museum in the city.cit is a classic example in architecture textbooks.dit has shaped most of 20th century hilversum.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰的城市希尔弗瑟姆，向我们展现了这个城市的地理位置、历史概况、经济文化发展状况和建筑等相关信息。长难句解读：once called the garden of amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests.分析：本句的主体为it still attracts travelers；once called the garden of amsterdam为过去分词短语作状语；to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests为不定式短语作定语修饰travelers。翻译：曾经被称作阿姆斯特丹的花园，它仍然吸引着骑车和步行通过周围森林的旅行者。59d细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“unlike most of the netherlands，hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.”可知，希尔弗瑟姆区别于荷兰其他诸多城市的一点就是其处在多山地带，且土壤多是沙土，故选d项。60b细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in hilversum.”可知，这个富有的家族经营的是纺织产业，他们的迁入促进了希尔弗瑟姆纺织业的快速发展，故选b项。61a细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“the change to a media economy started in 1920，when .established a radio factory.”可知，希尔弗瑟姆媒体产业的开始是以一家无线电工厂的建立为标志的，故选a项。62c推理判断题。根据第四段中的“his masterpiece，hilversum town hall was built in 19281931.it has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.”可知，这个地方举世闻名，已被列入许多建筑学的教科书中，故选c项。a(2016兰州市高三实战考试)beginning with the marvelous tales of marco polos travels across eurasia to china，the silk road has never ceased to entrance the world.now the ancient cities of samarkand，baku，tashkent, and bukhara, are once again firing the worlds imagination.china is building the worlds greatest economic development and construction project ever undertaken: the new silk road.the project aims at no less than a revolutionary change in the economic map of the world.it is also seen by many as the first shot in a battle between east and west for dominance (优势) in eurasia.the ambitious vision is to resurrect(复兴) the ancient silk road as a modern transit，trade，and economic corridor that runs from shanghai to berlin.the “road” will traverse china，mongolia, russia, belarus，poland and germany，extending more than 8，000 miles，creating an economic zone that extends over onethird the circumference of the earth.the plan envisions(想象) building highspeed railroads，roads and highways, energy transmission and distribution network，and fiber optic networks(光纤网络)cities and ports along the route will be targeted for economic development.an equally essential part of the plan is a seabased “maritime(海上的)silk road (msr)” component，as ambitious as landbased project，linking china with the persian gulf and the mediterranean sea through central asia and the indian ocean.when completed，like the ancient silk road，it will connect three continents: asia, europe, and africa.the chain of infrastructure projects will create the worlds largest economic corridor，covering a population of 4.4 billion and an economic output of $21 trillion.本文是一篇说明文。讲述了新丝绸之路将带给人们的影响。1the passage mainly tells us that athe new silk road is a dream of all chinesebthe new silk road is a dream of the whole worldcthe new silk road could influence global economydthe construction of the new silk road is an idea of marco poloc主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“theroadwill traverse china，mongolia.extending more than 8，000 miles，creating an economic zone that extends over onethird the circumference of the earth.”和最后一段中的“the chain of.the worlds largest economic corridor，covering.”可知，新丝绸之路会影响全球经济。故选c。2some aspects which may be effectively improved with the development of the new silk road are those except apublic healthbgoods movementccommunication channelsdtransportation constructiona细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the plan envisions(想象)building highspeed railroads，roads and highways.and fiber optic networks(光纤网络)”可知，选a。3according to the passage，we can see that athe new silk road has completely been donebthere are many different silk roads in the worldcthe new silk road is certain to get countries all over the world involveddcities and ports along the new silk road may develop more quicklyd推理判断题。根据第四段中的“cities and ports along the route will be targeted for economic development.”可推知，沿线城市和港口可能会发展得更快。故选d。b(2016山西省重点中学协作体适应性考试)great yarmouth is an english seaside town situated at the mouth of the river yare，about 120 miles to the northeast of london.around 5 million people visit great yarmouth every year，making it one of britains most popular seaside resorts.formerly the home of one of the most profitable fishing industries，great yarmouth is a busy and very popular seaside resort.undoubtedly，one of the most popular attractions is great yarmouth pleasure beach，a historic free entry pleasure park，which draws annually 1.5 million visitors.the two piers (突堤码头)，britannia pier and wellington pier，both contain familyorientated entertainment.as well as the usual thrills one would expect on a classic british seafront，great yarmouth also has a quieter side, with a fascinating heritage quarter to explore.not many people know that great yarmouth has the most complete city walls after york，with heritage walks to help you discover this medieval(中世纪的) attraction along with several museums and houses dating back to many centuries.if ghost walks are more your cup of tea, eerie tales and yarmouth yarns is the tour for you.great yarmouth is also a centre for the north sea oil and gas industry and increasingly for offshore wind power.the great yarmouth outer harbour is a huge development currently taking place which can see larger ships coming to the town.the great yarmouth maritime festival in september each year celebrates great yarmouths maritime heritage.over the past few years，great yarmouth has seen significant construction spending to improve and modernise the popular seafront area and to ensure it is linked to the town centre.regent road has a brilliant ceiling of light which is lit up in the evenings and is now a lovely street leading from the town centre to the seafront area.本文为说明文。介绍了英国海滨小镇大雅茅斯。大雅茅斯因位于耶尔河的出口而得名，它拥有英格兰地区第二完整的中世纪古城墙。每年9月举办大雅茅斯航海节。4what can we infer about the tour of the heritage area?ait must be thrilling.bit is familyorientated.cthe visitors must love peace.dyou are advised to keep calm.c推理判断题。根据第二段中的“great yarmouth also has a quieter side，with a fascinating heritage quarter to explore”可知，大雅茅斯也有安静的一面，即遗迹区。由此可推知，去参观遗迹的游客应是喜欢平静的。5which of the following is making rapid progress?athe fishing industry.bthe oil and gas industry.cthe tourist industry.dthe wind power industry.d细节理解题。根据第三段中的“increasingly for offshore wind power”可知，大雅茅斯的风能产业增长迅速。6whats the best title for the passage?athe rise of great yarmouthba fishing town into a modern citycmain industries of great yarmouthda dreaming tourist placegreat yarmouthd标题判断题。本文介绍了英国海滨小镇大雅茅斯的位置、景点、产业等，主要目的是做旅游宣传。故d项作文章标题最佳。【导学号：85602022】c(2016西安市教学质量检测)cheerleading(拉拉队) dates back to the late 19th century，when crowds began to chant and yell to encourage their teams.credit for the first organized cheer was given to a university of minnesota student named johnny campbell，who got the students to shout “rah，rah，rah! skuumar，hoorah! hoorah! varsity! varsity! varsity，minnesota！” for their football team in the 1898 season.soon after，a yellleader group of six male students was organized, a practice that became popular at numerous other universities.for the first few decades of its history cheerleading was an allmale activity，but by the 1920s，women began to take part in the activity as well.nowadays more than 90% of americas cheerleading participants are female.in 1948，lawrence herkimer，a former southern methodist university cheerleader formed the national cheerleaders association (nca)herkimer is credited with creating many of cheerleadings fundamental moves.cheerleading remained in its supporting role until the 1980s, when cheerleading competitions, organized by the national cheerleaders association and other groups，started to grow in popularity.for the first time, teams got off the sidelines and took centre stage，competing with teams from all over the us.today cheerleaders can be found at almost any kind of sporting event，including the olympics and the cricket world cup.the sport ha