初二单词及重点语法.doc

初二英语上册重点知识总汇Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 语言要点1. How often do you exercise? I do exercise once a month.2. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually play soccer.3. What do they do on weekends? They often go to the movies.4. What does he do on weekends? He sometimes watches TV.5. How often do you shop? I shop twice a week.6. Every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, ever, hardly, never, once a week, twice a mouth重点词汇how often 多久一次 exercise v.& n.锻炼 skateboard v.踩滑板 hardly adv.几乎不 ever adv.曾，曾经 once adv.一次 twice adv.两次 time n.次，次数 surf v.在冲浪 Internet n.网络 program n.节目，表演 high school 高中，完全中学 result n.结果 active adj.活跃的，积极的 for prep.对于，在方面 as for 至于,关于 about adv.几乎，大约 junk n.废弃的旧物 junk food 垃圾食品 milk n.牛奶 coffee n.咖啡 chip n.（食物等的）薄片 cola n.可乐 chocolate n.巧克力 drink v.喝，饮 health n.健康，健康状况 how many 多少 interviewer n.采访者 habit n.习惯 try v.试图，设法，努力 of course 当然 look after 照顾，照看 lifestyle n.生活方式 grade n.分数，成绩 better adj.& adv.更好的（地） same adj.同样的，相同的 as prep.像一样 different adj.不同的，有区别的 difference n.不同，差异，区别 unhealthy adj.不健康的 maybe adv.或许，大概 although conj.虽然，即使 for prep.达，计 grandpa n.外公，爷爷 a lot of 大量，许多 keep v.保持 must modal v.必须 less adj.更小的，较少的 Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 读写练习下面是罗小禾的个人档案资料，请根据所提供的材料，写一篇短文介绍罗小禾。Name: Luo XiaoheEnglish Name: TonyBlood Type: OAge: 14Birthday: March 14th, 1991Hobbies: Reading, playing football and computer gamesDream: To be a businessman or a football playerFavorite Colours: Red, white and greenFavorite Sentence: No pains, no gains.Favorite Band: WestlifeTelephone Number: 00186-755-25412434Postcode: 518019Address: 25 Yijing Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China参考答案： Luo Xiaohe is a student. He studies at Shenzhen Cuiyuan Junior Middle School. His English name is Tony. He lives at 25 Yijing Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. The postcode is 518019. His telephone number is 00186-755-25412434. His blood type is O. He was born on March 14th, 1991. He likes reading. He is very interested in football and computer games. He wants to be a businessman or a football player when he grows up. He loves his parents and teachers best. Red, white and green are his favourite colours. He loves listening to the songs by Westlife. He always says to himself No pains, no gains.Unit 2 Whats the matter? 语言要点1. - Whats the matter?- I have a headache. You should go to bed.- He has a stomachache. He shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours.- She has a toothache. She should see a dentist.2. see a doctor / dentist, get / have a cold, give advice, have a toothache, have a headache, have a stomachache, have a backache, have a sore throat, have a fever, lie down and rest, drink lots of water, drink hot tea with honey, a few, stressed out, listen to music, get tired, stay / keep healthy, at the moment, on the other hand, a balanced diet重点词汇Unit2 matter n.事情，问题 have v.得（病），患（病） cold n.受凉，感冒 have a cold 得了感冒 stomachache n.胃痛 sore adj.疼痛的 back n.背，背部 arm n.臂，胳膊 ear n.耳朵 eye n.眼睛 foot n.脚，足 hand n.手 head n.头，头部 leg n.腿，腿部 mouth n.嘴 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n.鼻子 stomach n.胃 tooth n.牙齿 throat n.喉咙 toothache n.牙痛 fever n.发烧，发热 rest v.休息 honey n.蜂蜜 dentist n.牙医 should modal v.应该 headache n.头痛 shouldnt=should not ago adv.以前 so pron.如此，这样 illness n.疾病 advice n.劝告 thirsty adj.渴的 stress v.加压力于，使紧张 (be)stressed out 有压力的，紧张的 early adv.提早（地） problem n.问题 way n.方法，手段，方式 traditional adj.传统的 believe v.相信，认为 balance n.平衡，平衡状态 weak adj.虚弱的，无力的 herb n.草本植物，药草 angry adj.愤怒的，生气的 tofu n.豆腐 medicine n.药物 western adj.西方的 everybody pron.每人，人人 get v.变得 few adj.很少的 a few 有些，几个，少数 stay v.继续是，保持 important adj.重要的 balanced adj.平衡的 diet n.饮食，节食 moment n.瞬间，片刻 at the moment 此时 until conj.直到之时 host family 寄宿家庭 hear v.听见，听说 Unit 2 Whats the matter? 读写综合根据所给提示编写对话。Lily 得了重感冒、头痛和发烧，正在医生的诊所就诊，医生在给她看病并提出了一些很好的建议。参考答案：D: Whats the matter, Lily?L: Oh! Doctor. I have a bad cold and a headache.D: When did it start?L: Ever since last night.D: Have you got a fever?L: Maybe, but I didnt take my temperature.D: I think you should lie down and have a good rest. Please have more water.L: All right! And how soon will I be well?D: In a few days.L: Thank you very much.D: Youre welcome.Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 语言要点 1. - What are you doing for vacation?- Im spending time with my friends.2. - When are you going?- Im going next week.3. - How long are you staying?- Were staying for two weeks.4. sightseeing, fishing, relaxing, visiting, going camping, spending5. how long, get back, at home, take a vacation, think about, decide on, go bike riding重点词汇Unit3 babysit v.临时照顾（小孩） camp v.宿营 plan n.& v.计划，规划 Tibet 西藏 hike v.徒步旅行，远足 Hong Kong 香港 how long 多久，多长时间 away adv.向远处 get back 回来 send v.发送，寄 postcard n.明信片 San Francisco 旧金山 Hawaii 夏威夷 bike n.自行车 ride v.乘骑 n.旅行的路程 sightseeing n.观光，游览 fishing n.捕鱼 rent v.租用，出租 Italy 意大利 famous adj.著名的，出名的 take a vacation 去度假 Greece 希腊 Spain 西班牙 Europe n.欧洲 something pron.某物，某事 lake n.湖，湖泊 the Great Lakes 五大湖 leave v.离开，出发 countryside n.农村，乡村 nature n.大自然，自然界 forget v.忘记 a lot 很，常常，非常 finish v.结束，完成 Thailand 泰国 tourist n.旅行者 Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 读写综合 请根据下面表格内容，将你年级安排的旅行计划用口头通知的形式向你班同学转达（开头已给出）。TimeSaturday (September 9)Tothe Peoples ParkTransportation（交通工具）By busDeparture Time（离开）7: 00 amArrival Time（到达）8: 30 amActivitiesMorning: boating, swimming, lunch in a snack bar（快餐店）Time to Return4: 30 pmAttention, please. Unit 4 How do you get to school? 语言要点 1. - How do you get to school?- I take the bus.2. - How long does it take?- It takes 20 minutes.3. - How far is it?- Its 10 miles.4. - It takes sb. some time to do something.5. bicycle, subway, car, train, bus station, bus stop, minute, kilometer, mile, transportation6. get to, ride, walk, take, depend, depend on, by bus重点词汇subway n.地铁 train n.火车 forty num.四十 fifty num.五十 sixty num.六十 seventy num.七十 eighty num.八十 ninety num.九十 hundred num.一百 minute n.分钟 take v.花费（时间） by prep.表示交通方式 by bus 乘坐公共汽车 far adj.远的，遥远的 how far 多远 kilometer n.公里，千米 shower v.淋浴 quick adj.快的 bicycle n.自行车 early adj.早的，提早的 mile n.英里 stop n.车站 transportation n.公共交通，运输 north adj.北部的，北方的 North America 北美洲 part n.地区 depend v.依赖,依靠 depend on 视而定 river n.河，江 boat n.小船 by boat 乘小船 must modal v.一定 more adj.& adv.更多的（地） than conj.比 means n.方法，手段，工具 car n.小汽车 town n.镇，城镇 ill adj.生病的，不健康的 worry v.担心，担忧，焦虑 so adv.这么，那么 much adv.十分，非常 Unit 4 How do you get to school? 读写综合 任务一：阅读文章，根据相关内容填写表格。Modern life is impossible without traveling. The fastest way of travel is by air. With a modern airliner（客机）you can travel in one day to places which it took a month or more to get to a hundred year ago.Traveling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages（优点）. You can see the country you are traveling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining cars. They make even a longest journey enjoyable.Some people prefer to travel by sea when possible. There are large liners and river boats. You can visit many other countries and different places. Ships are not so comfortable as trains or planes, but traveling by sea is a very pleasant way to spend a holiday.Many people like to travel in their cars. You can make your own timetable. You can travel three or four hundred miles or only fifty or one hundred miles a day, just as you like. You can stop wherever you wish - where there is something interesting to see, at a good restaurant where you can enjoy a good meal, or at hotel to spend the night. That is why traveling by car is popular for pleasure trips, while people usually take a train or plane when they travel on business.请用一两句话描写文中提及的交通方式的最大特点。若你还了解别的交通方式，请添加：Means of transportationCharacteristics（特点）By planeBy trainBy seaBy car.任务二：假期即将到来，你打算外出旅行三周，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴（Travel-mate）。你一个寻游伴的启示，交待清楚日程安排、旅行的方式、费用分担情况和对游伴的要求，并说明对方和你一起出游的好处。Travel-mate WantedUnit 5 Can you come to my party? 语言要点 1. - Can you come to my birthday party?- Yes, Id love to.- Sorry, I cant. I have to study for a test.2. Im sorry. Im playing soccer on Saturday. 少数动词（如：come, go, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, stay等）可以用现在进行时表示一个预计要发生的动作。如：He is leaving the day after tomorrow.3. - Can he go to the baseball game?- No, he cant. He has to study for a test.4. words and expressions: invitation, study for a test, come to the party, the whole day, another day, try to do sth., have to do sth., join sb. , go to the concert重点词汇lesson n.课，课程 another adj.又一的，再一的 concert n.音乐会 whom pron.谁，什么人 calendar n.日历 tomorrow n.& adv.明天 the day after tomorrow 后天 weekday n.工作日 invitation n.邀请，邀请书 training n.训练，锻炼 chemistry n.化学 American adj.美国的 project n.（学校的）课题，项目 matches n.比赛，竞赛 whole adj.整个的，全部的 over adv.从一边至另一边 come over 顺便来访 free adj.空闲的，有空的 till conj.直到之时 Unit 5 Can you come to my party? 课外任务 任务一：假设你们班要组织秋游（autumn outing），请你登记哪些同学不能参加并说明原因。NamesReasonsPeterHis mother is ill. He has to look after her.任务二：Linda不爱运动，本来在家闲着没事，但一听说Sally要她去打乒乓球就找出许多借口。她能找出哪些借口呢？Sally又如何说服她呢？请你帮助Sally想想办法，帮助她说服Linda一起去运动。以下是她们对话的头几句，请将她们的对话续写下去。Sally: Hello, is that Linda speaking?Linda: Yes, Sally. Whats up?Sally: What are you doing now?Linda: Im watching TV.Sally: Why not come and play table-tennis with me?Linda: .Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister. 语言要点 1. - Tina is taller than Tara.- Tom has shorter hair than Sam.- Linda is more outgoing than me. 形容词比较级的构成。2. 词语：both, interest, interesting, though, be good at, all the time, look the same, twin sister, a little taller, a primary school, in some ways, the same as, be different from, opposite view3. 个人特征方面的词汇：tall, thin, short, long hair, short hair, funny, serious, outgoing, easygoing, athletic, quiet, intellectual重点词汇outgoing adj.友好的，外向的 twin adj.& n.孪生的 calm adj.镇静的 wild adj.鲁莽的 serious adj.严肃的 athletic adj.擅长运动的 note n.注释 mean v.表示的意思 as adv.以的方式 way n.某个方面 both pron.两个（都） hers pron.她的（所有物） physics n.物理 however adv.然而 more than 超出 in common 公有的，共有的 be good at 擅长，在方面做得好 school work n.学业 laugh v.笑 for prep.为，给，对 opposite adj.对立的 view n.观点 interest n.兴趣 though adv.& conj.虽然 necessary adj.必要的 beat v.打败 care v.对在意 friendship n.友情 primary adj.初级的，小学的 primary school 小学 information n.消息，信息 Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister. 读写综合 任务一：Richard的父母在学期末收到儿子的e-mail。阅读e-mail并将信中有关Richard的情况填入学生成绩报告单中（要求写完整的句子）。Dear Mom and Dad,How are you? This term is over. It ends on June 18th. I am now writing to tell you something about my study.I have got an A for Science. Im good at it, and I can work out many difficult problems. My English is A+. Im still the best in English in my class, Ill keep it up. As for History (B), Im not so good at it, but Im better than before. Geography (A-) is a new subject（科目）, and I am interested in it. I know many things about some places in the world now. Music (A-) is my favorite, but I still dont like Jazz. I have got a C for Math. I feel sorry for it. Im still very poor in Math, although I have tried my best. My teacher Martin says that I can do much better, but I need more work.Dont worry about me. Ill study harder and do better next term.Miss you so much! Love, RichardA SCHOOL REPORTFrom Georgia High SchoolName: Richard King Grade: 7 Term ending: 18th, June1. Science: A He is , and he can .2. English: A+He . Keep it up.3. History: B He , but .4. Geography: A-He . He knows .5. Music: A- He , but .6. Math: C He , but .7. Remarks（评语）: Richard .8. Class Teacher: Martin任务二：仿照上面表格，做一份自己最近学习情况的报告。参考答案：任务一：1. He is good at science, and he can work out many difficult problems.2. He is the best in the class.3. He is not so good at this, but he is better than before.4. He is interested in it. He knows many things about some places in the world.5. He likes music best, but he doesnt like Jazz.6. He is poor in Math, but he has tried his best.7. Richard can do much better, but he needs more work.Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake? 语言要点 1. - How many apples do we need?- We need two.- How much butter do we need?- We need one teaspoon / two spoons of .可数名词与不可数名词2. How do you make a banana milk shake?First. Next. Then. Finally .祈使句3. 重点短语：turn on / turn off, how many / how much, add . to .; let sb. sth., pour. into .重点词汇Unit7 shake n.奶昔 milk shake 奶昔 blender n.搅拌机 turn on 打开 cut v.切，割 up adv.分开 cut up 切碎 peel v.剥，削 pour v.倾倒 into prep.到里 yogurt n.酸奶 ingredient n.材料 cup n.小茶杯 watermelon n.西瓜 teaspoon n.茶匙 amount n.总额 instruction n.命令 finally adv.最后地，最终 mix v.混合 mix up 混合在一起 popcorn n.爆米花 popper n.爆米花机 boil v.煮沸 salt n.盐 add v.加，加添 addto 把加到上 sandwich n.三明治 bread n.面包 butter n.黄油 relish n.调味品 lettuce n.生菜，莴苣 turkey n.火鸡 slice n.薄片 super adj.超级的 top n.顶，上部 recipe n.烹调法 check v.核对，检查 green onion 嫩洋葱 duck n.鸭子 sauce n.调味汁 pancake n.薄煎饼 roll v.卷 Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake? 读写综合任务一：阅读下列的对话和菜谱，完成调查任务。How to make a .?Jane: Whats your favorite food, Bob?Bob: My favorite food is hamburger.Jane: Can you tell me how to make hamburgers?Bob: Sure. First, mix together a pound of ground beef （牛肉末）, half of a chopped onion, a quarter of a teaspoon of pepper, three quarters of a teaspoon of salt. Shape the mixture into four hamburgers. Then, barbeque them for five minutes on each side. Serve the hamburgers on a toasted hamburger buns with sliced tomato, lettuce, and any other vegetables you like. Yum, hamburgers are my favorite.HamburgersIngredients: ground beef 1 pound toasted hamburger buns 4chopped onion 1/2 sliced tomato 1pepper 1/4 teaspoon some lettuce leaves and other vegetablessalt 3/4 teaspoonSteps:1. Preheat the barbeque grill.2. In a large bowl, mix together the ground beef, onion, pepper and salt. Shape into hamburgers.3. Grill the hamburgers for 5 minutes on both sides.4. Serve on hamburger buns with sliced tomato, lettuce, and any other vegetables of your choice.1. 班级调查表：Whats the most popular food in our class?2. 根据“班级调查”的结果，完成以下的菜谱： Ingredients: Steps:任务二：根据下面的提示，写一篇短文，介绍种玫瑰花的步骤，开头已给出。How to plant a rosefirst / put / the root of the rose / warm water / 24 hoursthen / dig / hole / as deep as the rootnext / put / rose / gently / in the hole after that / put / loose（使松动）soil / into the holeand then / press down hard / the soil / with handafter planting / water the rose / often To plant a rose, the root of the rose should be put Unit 8 How was your school trip? 语言要点 1. - What did you do / see on your last school trip?- I / We went / saw .- What else did you do?- I bought .- Did you buy / go .?- Yes, I / We did. / No, I / we didnt.- Where did you go yesterday?- I went to .- Were there any sharks / seals .?- Yes, there were. / No, there werent.2. 重点词汇：gift n.礼物 shark n.鲨鱼 aquarium n.水族馆 seal n.海豹 hang v.逗留，徘徊 hang out 闲荡，闲逛 souvenir n.纪念物 win v.赢，获胜 autograph n.亲笔签名 prize n.奖赏，奖金 visitor n.访问者，参观者 outdoor adj.户外的 octopus n.章鱼 end n.结束 monitor n.班长 Chicago 芝加哥 California 加利福尼亚州 sleep late 睡过头 drive n.驾驶 off adj.休息 day off 不工作 rain n.雨 DVD abbr.数字化视频光盘 yard n.院子 yard sale 庭院旧货出售 luckily adv.幸运地 umbrella n.雨伞 raincoat n.雨衣 wet adj.潮湿的 competition n.竞争,比赛，竞赛 player n.运动员 future n.将来 again adv.再一次 3. 一些规则动词和不规则动词的过去式Unit 8 How was your school trip? 读写综合 任务一：根据所提供的材料和要求，判断下面的句子的正（T）误（F）。Welcome to Red-sun ZooHere you can see elephants from South Asia, giraffes from Africa, tigers from Sough China, pandas from Sichuan and clever monkeys from Emei Mountain. Also there are many other rare animals youve never seen waiting to meet you.Opening Time Monday Friday: 9: 00 am 4: 30 Saturday Sunday: 8: 00 am 5: 30 pmEntrance Fee Grown-ups: 30. 00 yuanKids: Half of the grown-upsChildren Under 6: FreeNotes1. Dont throw rubbish about and keep the zoo clean.2. Dont give food to the animals.3. Keep away from the dangerous animals, such as tigers and lions.根据宣传广告的内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。1. The animals in R